[Some aspects of morphological manifestations of chronic gastritis in miners]. / Osobennosti morfologicheskikh proiavlenii khronicheskogo gastrita u gornorabochikh.

Morphology was studied together with the condition of the local cell-bound immunity in 24 patients who were not exposed to occupational hazards in their occupations and in 32 miners with a long length of service. The above subjects underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy involving taking of gastrobiopsy specimens. In miners there prevailed chronic atrophic gastritis. Immune mechanisms are involved in its pathogenesis, which fact is evidenced by the lymphoid-and-plasmocellular infiltration of the mucous membrane with a plentiful concentration of plasmatic cells and formation of lymphoid folliculi. They run their course against the background of an apparent lowering of local cellular defence, which event determines progression of chronic atrophic gastritis.

[The diagnosis of chronic dust-induced bronchitis]. / Diagnostika khronicheskogo pylevogo bronkhita.

In dust-induced bronchitis, alterations in the pulmonary parenchyma present themselves in the main cellular indices for bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL), thought to be of much importance to its diagnosis. A total of 53 patients with initial and manifest forms of dust bronchitis underwent BAL. There has been found the following: a decrease in the mononuclear phagocyte system cells (MPhS) reflecting the state of local cellular immunity; rise in the amounts of coniophages, suggesting phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages (AM) and dust blockade of MPhS cells; emergence and augmentation of counts of gigantic Pirogov-Langhans' cells characteristic of tuberculous granulomas, and also decrease in the counts of lymphocytes. There is a striking decrement in the vitality of AM, with polycytosis being commonly seen. Detection of granular forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in BAL and Pirogov-Langhans' cells enables a major proportion of "dust-induced bronchitis" to be considered as belonging to the silicotuberculous process.

[The role of cytological studies in the clinical management of dust-induced occupational diseases]. / Mesto tsitologicheskikh issledovanii v klinike pylevykh profzabolevanii.

Mineral dusts induced immunopathies in silicosis patients can be traced through changes in the composition, quantity and activity of the mononuclear phagocytic system detected in broncho-pulmonary secretions. It was established that the development of chronic non-specific pulmonary diseases and dust bronchites were caused by local immunopathies. A cytologic test for pulmonary and bronchial local protection was proposed through determining the degrees of pathologic developments, gravity of bronchitis, its predominant syndromes, and surveillance of the therapeutic course.

[The morphological determination of immune reactivity in coniotuberculosis]. / Morfologicheskoe opredelenie immunnoi reaktivnosti pri koniotuberkuleze.

A study was performed on the immune reactivity of coniotuberculosis cases among iron-ore miners from initial to developed stages by means of a postmortem morphometric analysis of the pathologic changes. It was revealed that the disease was characterized by a marked decrease in immune reactivity which progressed along with the disease. It was established that the process was influenced by the age, the ferrum oxide (III) and cremnium dioxide content in the lungs, and the TB infection as such. Much influence was also caused by other sporadic environmental factors.

[Diagnostic errors in silicotuberculosis (clinical-autopsy comparisons)]. / Oshibki v diagnostike silikotuberkuleza (kliniko-sektsionnye sopostavleniia).

Basing on 42 post-mortem examinations of silicotuberculosis cases, the contributors display the most frequently encountered errors in diagnosing this disease. Silicotuberculous bronchadenitis, conglomerate-cirrhotic lower-lobe silicotuberculosis and their complications (e.g. concomitant pericarditis and endobronchitis) are the most difficult cases for detection. To avoid diagnostic errors, a most detailed case history study is needed, along with a complex clinico-functional and tomography examinations, a wide use of endoscopy and bacteriological techniques.

[Risk factors for the development of siderosilicotubeculosis]. / Faktory riska razvitiia siderosilikotuberkuleza.

The main risk factors on siderosilicotuberculosis developing in conditions of modern ore mining industry are high tuberculosis infestation of miners and patients with siderosilicosis, presence of residual changes in the lungs of pneumoconiosis and unspecific character. Siderosilicotuberculosis is diagnosed, as a rule, in miners and patients with siderosilicosis at the age of 45 years with 15 year length of work in the mine.

[Bronchoscopic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in miners]. / Bronkhoskopicheskaia diagnostika tuberkuleza legkikh u gornorabochikh.

Two hundred and thirty nine records of bronchoscopic examination of miners from iron ore mines, including 114 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were studied and the frequency of specific and nonspecific endobronchitis and functional, anatomical and hemocirculatory disorders was determined. Qualitative estimation of the endoscopic symptoms and computer-assisted analysis enabled one to validate the direct and probabilistic bronchoscopically evident signs of active tuberculosis. The data on the mature, frequency and diagnostic value of some endoscopic signs should be considered in differentiation of tuberculosis in miners (without pneumoconiosis).