A craniometric study of bicoronal craniosynostosis (BCC).

We compared 20 cases of bicoronal craniosyntosis (BCC) using the linear and angular values of the normal statistical material for the same age and sex. The skull in BCC is significantly shortened and flattened but with normal width. The height of the frontal arch (FNBR) is significantly decreased. The base of the skull is depressed with angle AB2 significantly increased, and angle NTNO significantly decreased and, even in some cases, with negative angular values. This is inducing a sinking of LEA (length from N to T), and in some cases LEA is lower than the line LNO (distance from N to O). The cephalic index (CI) was significantly increased, and the calculated cranial capacity (CC) was significantly decreased. Bregma (BR) is moving anteriorly in BCC, inducing an anterior movement of the calvaria with a bulge around BR. In this anterior movement we designate lack of positive occipital rotation. In BCC there is an evident lack of positive occipital rotation. Superimposing our drawings on the reference line NBA, we found for the first time a movement of anatomical landmarks similar to that observed in the negative occipital rotation in vestibular orientation.

A craniometric study of sagittal craniosynostosis (SC).

Twenty cases of sagittal craniosynostosis (SC) were compared with the linear and angular values of the normal statistical material for the same age and sex. There were significantly increased values of the length of the skull (LI) and the height of the frontal arch (FNBR) and significantly decreased width (WI) and height of the skull (HI) as well as the depth of the cerebellar fossa (PEP). The length of the anterior cerebral fossa (LEA) remained within normal limits and the distance BRPI between bregma (BR) and the internal protuberance (PI) was within normal limits or increased. The angular value of the basal angle (angle NT-BA, AB2) decreased significantly and the angle NTNO (angle between the lines NT and NO) and the angle BRTPI (the angle between the lines TBR and TPI) were significantly increased. The cephalic index (CI) was significantly decreased. The cranial capacity (CC) is normal or decreased. There is demonstrated an occipital over-rotation of the skull.

A craniometric study of the C. de Lange syndrome (CdLS).

After a short review of our method, we compared the results of the radiographs of 18 cases of CdLS to the results of our normal material. All of our normal statistical data was obtained from AP and lateral view radiographs at a distance of 1 m, in the prevailing conditions of everyday practice in a radiological department. We studied quantitative changes such as microcephaly and brachycephaly, and for the first time we introduced qualitative changes such as occipital rotation and the study of obliquity of the foramen magnum (line BAO). We found microcephaly in all our cases of CdLS and brachycephaly in only 72%. Furthermore, we found a lack of positive occipital rotation in all our cases of CdLS and the line BAO turned posteriorly with O higher than BA. The same conditions were observed on our normal material only in an early postnatal stage.

The ultrasonic features of an unusual cholesterol gallstone.

We describe a cholesterol gallstone with an unusual macroscopic appearance and only mild acoustic shadowing on ultrasonography with a 3.5 MHz transducer used in vivo; there was greater shadowing using 5.0 and 7.5 Mhz transducters in vitro.

The variable manifestations of dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica.

Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica (DEH) is an osteocartilaginous overgrowth involving one or multiple epiphyses or ossification centers, usually in a lower extremity on one side of the body. Characteristically the involvement is hemimelic i.e. either the medial or lateral part of the ossification center is involved. We have studied 24 patients with DEH and are adding 15 new cases to the literature. Because of the variable manifestations of the dysplasia and its different degrees of involvement in the affected children, we have subdivided it into localized, classical and generalized forms. In the generalized form, there is involvement of a whole lower extremity from the pelvis to the foot, and some of these patients show megaepiphyses with enlargement of a whole epiphyseal center, not only its medial or lateral part. We have also described and illustrated other special features of the dysplasia especially the advanced bone age and the metaphyseal and growth plate involvement.

Upper extremity involvement in Trevor disease.

We report a twenty-nine-month-old girl with Trevor disease (dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica) involving the left humeral head and ipsilateral lower extremity. This is a disorder of growth of an epiphysis or ossification center and involvement of an upper limb is extremely rare. Advanced bone age is usually encountered in the affected extremity.

[Basal angle of the skull of subjects in the pediatric age (author's transl)]. / Angle basal du crâne chez les enfants normaux

Many opinions are expressed about the ontogenetical evolution of the basal angle of the skull. The authors present an analytical study with respect to age and sex and find that the basal angle decreases significatively with age, however the difference with the sex is probably not significative.

[Atypical achondrogenesis. Review of the literature apropos of 2 cases]. / Formes frustes de l'achondrogénése. Revue de a littérature á propos de deux cas

The authors describe two cases of a minor form of achondrogenesis. This form has not been published previously. A discussion of the different possibilities of differential diagnosis follows.

[Metaphyseal channel and serpiginous tract in osteomyelitis: literature review apropos of 2 cases]. / Le canal métaphysaire et le trajet serpigineux dans l'ostéomyélite revue de la litterature a'propos de duex cas

The so-called "metaphyseal channel" and "serpiginous tract" signs are described in detail, emphasizing their value in the roentgen diagnosis and differential diagnosis of some bone lesions. The authors present two cases of osteomyelitis, one of the chronic type and the other subacute in two adult patients, to illustrate the value of the above radiologic signs. These have been previously described in the long bones of infants and children only. The serpiginous tract sign is reported, for the first time, in a flat bone.