[Strontium chloride (89Sr-chloride) fractional injection method for bone metastases treatment].

The study was designed to compare the effectivnes of 89Sr-chlorid injections by 50 Mbk fractions with standard 150 Mbk injection in patients with bone metastases. Fifty patients with bone metastases were included in the study, 25 of them received 89Sr-chloride by fractional and 25 (control group) by single injection. The pain intensity, white blood cells and thrombocytes concentration values were evaluated in both groups before and after treatment. The study proved the possibility of using systemic 89Sr-chloride fractional radiotherapy in patients with bone metastases and concurrent stage 2-3 myelosupression. The method of fractial 89Sr-chloride injection is effective in symptomatic treatment of patients with bone metastases.

[Fatal outcomes of caseous pneumonia in alcohol abusers]. / Letal'nye iskhodi kazeoznoi pnevmonii u lits, zloupotrebliaiushchikh alkogolem.

In alcoholics, caseous pneumonia is characterized by a malignant progressive course and therapy resistance. The toxic allergic syndrome in such patients may be a diagnostic sign of transition of benign forms of tuberculosis to caseous pneumonia.

[Program for the thorough complex examination of individuals who liquidated the Chernobyl power accident consequences]. / Programma uglublennogo kompleksnogo obsledovaniia uchastnikov likvidatsii posledstvii avarii na CHAES.

A program for thorough complex examination of individuals who liquidated Chernobyl power accident consequences provides objective diagnostic information and early diagnosis of both general and oncologic diseases. The program covers examination in regional Medical Centers giving highly qualified medical care for the liquidators. Regional and county hospitals can participate in the program, concerning also individuals exposed to radiation during other radiation accidents.

[Single-photon emission computerized tomography in craniocerebral injuries in children]. / Odnofaznaia émissionnaia komp'iuternaia tomografiia pri cherepno-mozgovoi travme u detei.

The recognition of the localization and spread of traumatic damage to the brain in craniocerebral injury in children is a pressing problem. The authors studied the possibilities of monophoton emission computed tomography (MECT) with the use of the radiopharmaceutical preparation Ceretec in recognition and visualization of foci of traumatic damage to the brain in these patients. The study was conducted on 20 children with severe craniocerebral trauma in parallel with verification by computed X-ray tomography, electroencephalography and mapping of the brain potentials, and rheoencephalography. The results of the study showed high diagnostic possibilities of the method in detecting ischemic foci in the brain. A craniocerebral trauma in children was found to be characterized by multiple ischemic deficits in the damaged and intact hemispheres and particularly in the basal parts of the brain. The information obtained by the MECT method is independent in character and is not a duplicate of the findings of CT, EEG, REG, sonography, etc.

[The electroencephalographic correlates of neurological disorders in the late periods of exposure to ionizing radiation (the aftereffects of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station)]. / Elektroéntsefalograficheskie korreliaty nevrologicheskikh narushenii v otdalennye sroki vozdeistviia ioniziruiushchei radiatsii (posledstviia avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES).

EEG mapping and three-dimensional localization of epileptic activity sources together with a neurological analysis were carried out in subjects having taken part in 1986-1987 in the liquidation of consequences of the Chernobyl accident. Experimental group included 40 right-handed 25-45 years-old men having received a radiation dose of 15-51 Ber stated officially. Control group consisted of 20 healthy men. Neurological examination of the patients revealed vegetative-vascular and endocrine dysfunctions as well as diffuse neurological symptoms. EEG of one group of patients (25 persons) was characterized by slow alpha- and theta-band foci and epileptic waves in the central-frontal regions; epileptic sources were localized at the diencephalic level mainly in the midline being shifted to the right hemisphere. In the EEG of another group (15 persons) delta-waves were recorded in the frontal regions at the background of diffuse beta-activity. The sources of epileptic activity of a diffuse character were localized at the basal level of the brain and in the cortex (predominantly) in the left hemisphere. The results obtained together with SPECT mapping and CT data permit to suppose the organic damage of different brain structures (at the cortical and the midline levels) in the patients, with participation of diencephalic structures in the pathological process hypothalamic-hypophysial system being probably connected with adaptive processes in the CNS.

[Scintigraphy in the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylarthritis in children]. / Stsintigrafiia v diagnostike ankiloziruiushchego spondiloartrita u detei.

Scintigraphic examination of the joints and spine was performed in 42 children with Bekhterev's disease and rheumatoid arthritis to establish different accumulation of 99mTc-pyrophosphate. In Bekhterev's disease, elevated concentration of the radio-indicator was detected was detected in the joints of the lower limbs, including hip joints, in the sacroiliac parts of the spine and in heels. In rheumatoid arthritis, it was mainly detectable in the joints of the upper limbs and sometimes in the cervical part of the spine. Scintigraphy of the joints may be helpful in differential diagnosis of the above-indicated disease entities.

[Osteoscintigraphy in the evaluation of a bone transplant in cranioplasty in children]. / Osteotsintigrafiia v otsenke sostoianiia kostnogo transplantata pri kranioplastike u detei.

Scintigraphy of the skeleton with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate was performed before operation and 3.6 and 12 mos. after allocranioplasty in 15 children aged 3 to 15 with posttraumatic defects of the bones of the cranial vault. Scintigraphic results were compared with x-ray and clinical findings. The interrelationship of the time course of a scintigraphic picture of an affected zone with x-ray findings of graft readjustment at different time after operation was established. In the authors opinion, combined x-ray and scintigraphic investigations of the cranial bones can be used for objective assessment of the morphofunctional state of a graft after allocranioplasty.

[Skeletal scintigraphy in hemangioma of the bones]. / Stsintigrafiia skeleta pri gemangiomakh kostei.

The results of scintigraphic investigations of the skeleton of 76 bone hemangioma patients were analyzed to study the informative value of this type of investigation and to determine the efficacy of its use during establishing diagnosis and dynamic observation. The probability of detection of bone hemangiomas using scintigraphy of the skeleton with 99m Tc labeled osteotropic agents was shown to be in direct relation to the biological activity of hemangioma, its site and resolution of radiodiagnostic apparatus. The utilization of scintigraphy of the skeleton in addition to x-ray investigation permits clarification of the nature of lesion (benign or malignant), the biological activity of hemangiomas, control of the time course of a pathological process and efficacy of therapy of biologically active hemangiomas.

[Determination of calcitonin and parathyrin in blood serum in the diagnosis of tumor metastases to bone]. / Opredelenie kal'tsitonina i paratirina v syvorotke krovi dlia diagnostiki metastazov opukholei v skelet.

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone concentrations were determined using a radioimmunoassay in the blood serum of lung, breast and kidney cancer patients who had undergone combined treatment for major disease, healthy males, patients with spinal tuberculosis and patients with eosinophilic granuloma of the cranial bones. A significant rise of the calcitonin level and change in the ratio of calcitonin and the parathyroid hormone were established in the blood serum of patients with tumor metastases to the skeleton, spinal tuberculosis and eosinophilic cranial granuloma. During cancer patients' monitoring the determination of calcitonin is recommended as a screening test for skeletal metastases to select patients for gamma-topographic investigation.

[Clinical x-ray and scintigraphic evaluation of the state of the sacroiliac joints in patients with chronic monarthritis]. / Kliniko-rentgenologicheskaia i stsintigraficheskaia otsenka sostoianiia kresttsovo-podvzdoshnykh sochlenenii u bol'nykh s khronicheskimi monartritami.

The paper is concerned with some comparative data on the frequency of the detection of sacroileitis using clinicoroentgenological and scintigraphic studies in 57 patients with chronic monarthritis of the knee joint of different genesis. On clinical examination 14 patients (24.7%) only had indirect signs of the affected sacroiliac joints, in 30 patients (52.6%) sacroileitis was diagnosed by x-ray. Scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate proved to be most effective for the detection of early signs of sacroileitis because lesions in the sacroiliac joints were found in 35 patients (61.4%).