[The response of forest ecosystems to reduction in industrial atmospheric emission in the Kola Subarctic].

In spite of reduction in atmospheric emission, current state of forest ecosystems within the impact zone of Severonickel enterprise still reflects the entire spectrum of anthropogenic digression stages. As the distance to the enterprise grows shorter, structural-functional changes in forest communities are manifested in dropping out of mosses and lichens, replacement of undershrub by Poaceae, worsening of timber stand and undergrowth conditions and their progressive dying-off, and, as a result, in forming of anthropogenic wastelands. Alterations of elemental composition of fir bark and needles due to exposure to pollutants consist in accumulation of nickel, copper, cobalt, arsenic, and sulfur along with depletion of calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc. According to the data obtained by correlation and multiparameter analyses, the accumulation of heavy metals in fir organs is closely related to the increasing of their concentration in root-inhabited soil layers as the distance to the pollution source is getting shorter. By comparison with the background fir grove, concentration of available compounds of nickel and copper in the ground litter of open fir-birch woodland near the enterprise increases by the factor of 30-60, reaching up 280 and 130 mg/kg respectively. With the increasing of anthropogenic stress, the ground litter becomes depleted of available calcium, magnesium, potassium, manganese, and zinc. For the first time, the coupled dynamics of vegetation and soil state in fir forests as a response to reduction in atmospheric emission is tracked back. The most distinguishable response to the reduction appears to be the development of small-leaved plants' young growth within the impact zone. For the last decade, concentration of nickel in fir needles and in ground litter has reduced by the factor of 1.2-2. As for copper, its concentration in needles has reduced by the factor of 2-4, though in ground litter remains the same. By comparison with the period of maximum emission at the edge of 1980-90s, in open fir-birch woodland near the enterprise the concentration of nickel and copper in needles has reduced by the factors of 2.5-6 and 7-12 respectively. This reduction of heavy metals concentration in fir needles is related mainly to diminishing of their emission from the atmosphere, although their stores, accumulated in soil during previous decades, still remain quite plentiful.

[Synthesis and cytotoxicity of allobetulin derivatives].

The synthesis and screening of antitumor activity in vitro (cytotoxicity) of various oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and platinum-containing derivatives of allobetulin, including different arrangements of the double bonds in the A and B rings, penta- and hexacyclic ring A, 21-acetyl-20,28-epoxy-18α,19ßH-ursane-isomeric cycle E, was carry out. (3R,5R)-19ß,28-Epoxy-4,5-seco-18α-olean-3(5)-ozonide and 2,3-indolo-21ß-acetyl-20ß,28-epoxy-18α, H-19ß-ursane showed significant cytotoxic activity against melanoma MeWo and Leukemia SR cells, appropriately. (3S,5S)-Diastereomer of the first compound showed no cytotoxicity.

[Synthesis, structure and farmacologycal activity of (7R,8S)-epoxy-(13R,17R)-trioxolaneabietic acid].

The synthesis and X-ray diffraction established the structure of (7R,8S)-(see text for symbol)-(13R,17R)-trioxolaneabietic acid. Predicted by the computer system PASS antineoplastic activity and the ability to induce apoptosis, a mechanism of cell death, is correlated with experimentally shown cytotoxic activity against malignant cell line MeWo. Results of tests on animals have shown that abietic acid and its 9R,11S-epoxy-12R,15R-trioxolane derivative have anti-inflammatory and antiulcer activity in the absence of adverse effects on animal organisms.

[Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of quinopimaric acid derivatives].

Under the action of PCl(5), the Beckman rearrangement of a 3 : 1 mixture of Z- and E-ketoximes of 18beta-hydroxydihydroquinopimaric acid resulted in 5'-caprolactam and isomeric caprolactams containing fragments of cyclic ether. Z- and E-ketoximes were separated as acetates. Using a carrageenan inflammation model, we demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory activity of quinopimaric acid derivatives was comparable with that of diclofenac.

[Synthesis of dihydroquinopymaric acid conjugates with amino acids].

Synthesis of dihydroquinopymaric acid amides and their 2beta-succinyl and 2beta-phthalyl derivatives containing residues of amino acids was carried out for the first time. Antiviral properties of the compounds synthesized were investigated.

[Use of celluloselytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the enrichment of roughage with protein]. / Tselliulozoliticheskie azotfiksiruiushchie bakterii dlia obogashcheniia belkom grubykh kormov.

A new strain of acid-tolerant facultative anaerobic cellulose-degrading bacteria Bacillus cytaseus 21 (Mc Bethe ef Scales, 1912), which are capable to fixing atmospheric nitrogen, was isolated. This strain is intended for solid-phase fermentation and enrichment with protein of cellulose-containing waste of plant cultivation.

[Microbiological evaluation of water pollution in the Volga delta]. / Mikrobiologicheskaia otsenka zagriazneniia vodnykh obektov delty Volgi.

Bacterial contamination of water and fish in the Volga delta region was studied. Water near large enterprises contained more bacteria than at 75 km a distance of downstream. All organs and tissues of sturgeon contained opportunistic bacteria. Bacterial contamination of water is responsible incidences for acute intestinal diseases of the population.

[The effect of transvenous laser therapy on lipid peroxidation function in patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Vliianie transvenoznoi lazernoi terapii na sostoianie perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

The papers deals with changes in the levels of lipid peroxidation products in patients with stable angina of effort, which occurred with intravenous helium-neon blood irradiation. The therapy was highly effective in patients with lower functional classes and persons with normal circulation, resulting in a reduction in lipid peroxidation intensity. Predictors are recommended to determine the efficiency and expediency of laser therapy in patients with coronary heart disease.

[Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of using peripheral vasodilators in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by left-ventricular failure]. / Sravnitel'naia éffektivnost' ispol'zovaniia perifericheskikh vazodilatatorov v lechenii bol'nykh ostrym infarktom miokarda oslozhnennym levozheludochkovoi nedostatochnost'iu.

The effects of intravenous nitroglycerin, isodinit, and monizid were compared in patients with myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular failure. Central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters, coronary venous blood flow and precardial mapping data were analyzed. The drugs were found to be potent vasodilators in the treatment of these patients; the mechanism of their action was identical. The clinical efficacy of isodinit was shown to be superior to that of monizid and nitroglycerin.