ABSTRACT
The body surface potential mapping of the heart during the period of ventricular depolarization and the inotropic function of the ventricles were studied in rats under conditions of a translational model of post-infarction chronic heart failure developed by us. We revealed a statistically significant (p<0.001) correlation between the left-ventricular ejection fraction and the values of the maximum positive and negative extrema of the cardioelectric field on the body surface of rats with post-infarction chronic heart failure caused by anterior transmural myocardial infarction. The calculated linear regression equations have high predictive efficiency, which makes it possible to use the amplitude characteristics of the heart cardioelectric field as a marker of the development of chronic heart failure.
Subject(s)
Heart Failure , Myocardial Infarction , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left , Animals , Rats , Stroke Volume , Ventricular Function, Left , Myocardial Infarction/complicationsABSTRACT
In model experiments reproducing the holiday heart syndrome in rats, a discrepancy between the depolarization of the right and left atria has been revealed, which manifested by an atypical arrangement of positive and negative cardiopotentials in the cardioelectric field on the body surface during the P wave and the absence of inversion of the areas of cardioelectric potentials before the onset of P waves in lead II ECG from the limbs.
Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation , Rats , Animals , Holidays , Electrocardiography , Heart Atria , Action PotentialsABSTRACT
Using an experimental model of pulmonary hypertension in rats (monocrotaline in a dose of 60 mg/kg), we revealed an additional focus of early excitation in the zone where the pulmonary veins enter the left atrium, in addition to the main focus in the sinoatrial node. Pulmonary hypertension leads to the formation of regions of early activation in the right and left atria and a significant change in the sequence of atrial depolarization. Propagation of independent excitation waves in the right and left atria increases heterogeneity of depolarization and leads to the formation of atrial arrhythmias.
Subject(s)
Heart Atria/physiopathology , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology , Pericardium/physiology , Animals , Female , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Vena Cava, Superior/physiopathologyABSTRACT
In the study of the sequence of depolarization of the atrial subepicardium of rats in the short-term alcohol consumption model (the "Holiday heart" syndrome), the localization of the sources of atrial arrhythmias was determined for the first time. The difference in the excitation of the right and left atria was discovered: the right atrium is activated anterogradely from the sinoatrial node, whereas the left atrium is activated retrogradely from the ectopic focus located in the left auricular appendage.
Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology , Models, Cardiovascular , Sinoatrial Node/physiopathology , Alcohol-Related Disorders/pathology , Alcohol-Related Disorders/physiopathology , Animals , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/pathology , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Computer Simulation , Disease Models, Animal , Heart/drug effects , Heart/physiopathology , Heart Atria/physiopathology , Male , RatsABSTRACT
Using a translation model of alcoholic cardiomyopathy in rats we showed the presence of an additional abnormal excitation focus in the area of the pulmonary vein lacunae in the left atrium and enhanced heterogeneity of the atrium depolarization pattern. These changes can determine electric instability of the myocardium and induce malignant heart rhythm disturbances including, sudden cardiac death.
Subject(s)
Action Potentials/drug effects , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic/physiopathology , Ethanol/toxicity , Heart Atria/drug effects , Heart Rate/drug effects , Heart Ventricles/drug effects , Animals , Animals, Outbred Strains , Disease Models, Animal , Electrocardiography , Heart Atria/physiopathology , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Myocardial Contraction/drug effects , Myocardium/pathology , Pulmonary Veins/drug effects , Pulmonary Veins/physiopathology , RatsABSTRACT
Chronotopography of atrial subepicardium depolarization has been studied in a rat model of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Formation of independent sources of initial atrial activity has been detected in the right and left atria. These sources induced the formation of several depolarization fronts that propagated autonomously, and this can be regarded as the cause of atrial arrhythmia.
Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic/physiopathology , Heart Atria/physiopathology , Action Potentials , Animals , Heart Rate , Male , RatsABSTRACT
The spatial and the amplitude-temporal parameters of cardiac body surface potentials were examined in female Wistar rats with experimental pulmonary hypertension during ventricular depolarization. The cardiac body surface potentials have been led from 64 subcutaneous electrodes evenly distributed across the chest surface prior to and 4 weeks after subcutaneous injection of a single dose of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg). Right ventricular hypertrophy and electrophysiological remodeling of the heart developed in rats with experimental pulmonary hypertension in 4 weeks after monocrotaline injection; these changes led to a significant increase in amplitude and temporal characteristics of the cardioelectric field on the body surface in comparison with the initial state.
Subject(s)
Heart Ventricles/drug effects , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology , Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/physiopathology , Monocrotaline/pharmacology , Animals , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Electrocardiography , Electrodes , Female , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Hypertension, Pulmonary/chemically induced , Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/chemically induced , Injections, Subcutaneous , Lung/blood supply , Lung/drug effects , Lung/physiopathology , Pulmonary Artery/drug effects , Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
By electrocardiotopographic method the dynamics of electrical field has been studied on the body surface of newborn nestlings of the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) at the period of atrial depolarization. On the body surface there have been revealed two shifts of zones of positive and negative cardiopotentials of the heart electrical field, which are due to peculiarities of sequence of atrial depolarization, anatomical immaturity of atrial structures. and the oresence of closed foramen ovale.
Subject(s)
Atrial Function , Electrocardiography , Songbirds/physiology , Animals , Songbirds/growth & developmentABSTRACT
The formation of early activation regions was demonstrated in the area of the pulmonary vein orifice in hypertensive rats. The appearance of early activation zones on the dorsal side of the left atrium near the pulmonary veins simultaneously with the sinoatrial node in rats with arterial hypertension indicates the possibility of ectopic foci formation in the area of pulmonary vein sleeves.
Subject(s)
Heart Atria/pathology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Pericardium/physiopathology , Pulmonary Veins/pathology , Animals , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Hypertension/pathology , Myocardial Contraction , RatsABSTRACT
By the method of multichannel synchronous cardioelectropotography, sequence of depolarization of intramural atrial layers was studied in representatives of ungulate animals--pigs. In the pig atrial myocardium there is revealed a complex picture of spreading of activation fronts, connected with non-uniform anatomical structure and subendocardial (intramural) disposition of area of initial activation. The general character of sequence of depolarization of the pig atrial myocardium is comparable with carnivores (dog) and even-toed (sheep) animals.
