DIAGNOSTIC OF THE ATHLETE'S HEART AND FACTORS AFFECTING ITS DEVELOPING.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Studying the features of the structure and function of the heart in athletes and identifying the factors that influence the development of these changes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study included 54 athletes, 29 men and 25 women. The ultrasound study was performed according to standard methods with determining the size of the main structures of the heart, indicators normalized to body surface area, height. RESULTS: Results: The heart of dilatation and hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium were found in 25.93% of the athletes. When comparing the diameter of the left ventricle of individual athletes with the average values of the norm, their excess was found in 94.44% of athletes. The Odds ratio (OR) of the relationship between left ventricle diameter (LVd) and time of the exercise less than 10 y was 16.13, time of the exercise less than 5 y - 0.17 (p <0.05). OR of increase LVd to age less than 20 years was 3.56 units (p <0.05). The ejection fraction was above the normative mean in 75.93%, as well as the ratio of the periods of filling of the ventricles. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The most common sign of an athlete's heart development was left ventricular dilatation, which occurred at a rate of 25 percent. Age less than 20 years and the duration of sports activities from 5 to 10 years is associated with a higher frequency of the athlete's heart.

Influence of magnesium on the state of the cardiovascular system in children with chronic tonsilitis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the condition of the cardiovascular system and the effect of the combined preparation of magnesium and vitamin B6 in children with secondary cardiomyopathy on the background of chronic tonsillitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 100 children at the aged of 13-17 years were surveyed, including 60 patients with secondary cardiomyopathy with chronic tonsillitis. And the group I consisted of 45 children receiving standard treatment, group II - 15 patients who, along with standard treatment, received the drug magnesium. The control group consisted of 40 healthy children. To assess the condition of the cardiovascular system and vegetative regulation, we performed electrocardiographic examination (ECG), exercise test and ECG control, cardiointervalography with clinoortostatic test. The concentration of magnesium in the serum was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Also, we have provided the requirements of the principles of bioethics and drafted a protocol in accordance with the basic principles of the Helsinki Declaration. RESULTS: Results: In addition to the standard treatment of children with magnesium drug, there was a significant decrease in the frequency of sinus arrhythmias, disorders of the intraventricular conduction, and the processes of repolarization, extrasystole, sinus suchchardia were not observed in any of the patients. The normalization of magnesium in the serum of patients was observed. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Supplementation of combination therapy with magnesium and B6 helped to improve myocardial electrophysiology and cardiac output, as well as to normalize the serum magnesium in children with secondary cardiomyopathy.

Crystallographic investigation of urine in newborn with renal disturbance due to asphyxia.

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to increase the efficiency of diagnosis of renal injury in neonates with asphyxia by identifying of structural markers according to research facies of urine in newborns of different gestational ages. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study involved 150 full-term with signs of kidney damage due to asphyxia: 75 babies with severe asphyxia, and 75 children with moderate asphyxia and 100 preterm infants: 50 children with severe asphyxia and 50 children with moderate. Comparison groups: group 1 consisted of 20 full-term infants, group 2 which included 20 preterm neonates. Material for the study - morning portion of urine, which was collected at 8-10 a.m. on 1-2 and 7-8 days of life. RESULTS: Results: morphological picture of facies of newborns with asphyxia depends on the severity of pathological changes in the urine (proteinuria) and urine output. Structure of facies in babies with renal distorbance due to severe asphyxia indicates a significant loss of organic and mineral substances in the urine. The width of the peripheral zone facies, the amount of solid particles transferred depends on the severity of asphyxia, the difference in morphology facies is maintained even at the end of the early neonatal period. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Analysis of dried drops of urine in infants with renal impairment on the background of asphyxia can be used as one of the criteria for assessing kidney function and have prognostic value.

Optimization of the treatment of rotavirus infection in children by using bacillus clausii.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Rotavirus infection is a leading place in the structure of acute intestinal infections in children. Rotavirus is excreted in 40-60 % of children hospitalized with gastroenteritis all over the world. Every year, 2 million patients are hospitalized with a severe form of RVI, 25 million need medical help from a doctor and 111 million cases are treated at home. The aim: The purpose of our study was to optimize the treatment of rotavirus infection in children by using Bacillus clausii. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: There were 65 children with a rotavirus infection under supervision. The control group was consisted of 28 practically healthy children. The study of humoral immunity was carried out on the basis of determining the serum content of immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin A, and secretory immunoglobulin A in coprofiltrate. In the process of treatment, the children were divided into two groups: the first received standard treatment, the second group were added to standard treatment with a probiotic drug (Bacillus clausii). RESULTS: Results: In children with RVI with modified treatment main symptoms were reduced compared with the children receiving standard treatment, (p <0.001). In patients with rotavirus infection in the acute period of the disease, a decrease in the concentration of IgA (p < 0.001) and an increase in IgM (p < 0.001) in serum and a decrease in sIgA (p < 0.001) in coprofiltrate was observed in comparison with children in control group. In the period of reconvalescence in children after the traditional treatment, it wasn`t revealed normalization of the immunoglobulins. Patients receiving a probiotic drug in addition to traditional treatment it was revealed normalization of the parameters of serum immunoglobulins A, M, G and sIgA in coprofiltrate. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: So, the probiotic drug containing Bacillus clausii has a positive effect on the humoral immune system in children with rotavirus infection.