ABSTRACT
It is most substantiated to define Barrett's esophagus as intestinal metaplasia of esophageal cardiac mucosa irrespective of its association with the endoscopically detected esophageogastric junction, which develops as a result of gastroesophageal reflux. There is a need for further investigations of the specific features of the cardiac-type mucosa. During endoscopic study, it is important to be alert when identifying short and ultrashort Barrett's esophagus and to sample sufficient biopsy material. A pathologist must differentiate three major types of the cylindrical epithelium of the esophagus: cardiac, acid-producing cardiac, and intestinal metaplasia, by diagnosing Barrett's esophagus in the latter case. Patients with the esophageal cardiac mucosa should be referred to as a risk group for its development.
Subject(s)
Barrett Esophagus/pathology , Esophagus/pathology , Barrett Esophagus/etiology , Endoscopy, Digestive System/methods , Female , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/pathology , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Disturbance of cell tonofibrillar apparatus plays a principal role in the development of PPK. This finally leads to inhibition of keratinisation and enhancement of cell proliferation. Change of the shape and size of keratohyalin granules are typical for all types of PPK. These changes are pronounced and go in parallel with destructive processes in the epidermal cells and partial depression of protein synthesis.
Subject(s)
Epidermis/ultrastructure , Keratinocytes/ultrastructure , Keratoderma, Palmoplantar/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Cell Division/genetics , Child , Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure , Epidermis/metabolism , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Keratinocytes/metabolism , Keratins/genetics , Keratoderma, Palmoplantar/genetics , Keratoderma, Palmoplantar/metabolism , Male , Microscopy, Electron , MutationABSTRACT
The wounds without healing for a long time (from 1 month to 2 years) were studied histologically and electron-radioautographically. The reduction of the vessel number in such wounds occurs, first, due to degenerative changes in the cells of their walls, and second, due to loss of connection between the cells. Some of these cells retain functional activity (incorporation of 3H-uridine) and capacity for proliferation (incorporation of 3H-thymidine). The latter is particularly characteristic for pericytes, this proving their role as a source of fibroblasts in the stage of organization and formation of the scar.
Subject(s)
Granulation Tissue/blood supply , Wound Healing , Wounds and Injuries/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Autoradiography , Biopsy , Chronic Disease , Female , Granulation Tissue/ultrastructure , Humans , Male , Microcirculation/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Middle Aged , RatsABSTRACT
Morphological and functional peculiarities of long non-healing wound granulation tissue cells have been studied. The cell functional and proliferating activities were defined by electron-microscopic radioautography of 3H-uridine and 3H-thymidine incorporation. There are few vessels and the lumens are narrow. The walls of the most of the vessels are in the state of destruction. There are multiple macrophages with phagosomes filled with detritus. Fibroblasts have endoplasmic reticulum with widened small canals. Not multiple collagen fibers have broken periodic striation.
