[Live enteroviral vaccines for the emergency nonspecific prevention of mass respiratory diseases during fall-winter epidemics of influenza and acute respiratory diseases]. / Zhivye énterovirusnye vaktsiny dlia ékstrennoi nespetsificheskoi profilaktiki massovykh respiratornykh zabolevanii vo vremia osenne-zimnikh épidemii grippa i ostrykh respiratornykh zabolevanii.

The results of the 3-year controlled trials of a new method of nonspecific urgent prophylaxis of influenza and acute respiratory diseases (ADR) by immunization of healthy adults with standard live enterovirus oral vaccines, introduced in 2-3 administrations at intervals of 7-10 days, at the initial stages of autumn and winter epidemics are presented. Observations, carried out in three republics, covered more than 150,000 persons immunized with enterovirus interferonogenic vaccines. A considerable decrease in morbidity rate among the vaccinees was achieved (on the average, by 3.2 times) in comparison to that among nonimmunized subjects. The method of nonspecific prophylaxis with live enterovirus interferonogenic vaccines is recommended during outbreaks of diseases induced simultaneously by several causative agents of influenza and ARD, as well as by pathogenic enterovirus strains.

An experience with application of human leucocyte interferon for cervical cancer treatment.

Interferon was injected intracervically as the first stage of combination treatment in 125 cases of histologically verified squamous Ca in situ and invasive cervical carcinoma. Colpomicroscopic, cytological and histological examination was carried out before and after treatment. The pronounced effect of interferon as an antitumor agent was established. Post-treatment histological examination failed to detect any tumor cells in 36 out of 125 patients (28.8%). Widening the scope of indications for preservative operations in patients with preinvasive and microinvasive cervical carcinoma after preliminary interferon therapy was suggested.

[Immune structure and rubella incidence in pregnant women in Moscow]. / Immunostruktura i zabolevaemost' krasnukhoi u beremennykh zhenshchin Moskvy.

The immune structure of the Moscow City population (mostly, pregnant women) in relation to rubella virus antigen. Specific antihemagglutinins were found in 82%-93% of pregnant women, depending on their age. Examination of sera from 207 pregnant women who had contacts with rubella patients demonstrated clinically manifest rubella verified serologically in 9.2%, and asymptomatic form of rubella in 8.6%. By an immunochemical method (treatment of sera with staphylococca reagent) specific rubella IgM were found in 7 (100%) pregnant women who had experienced clinically manifest rubella, and in 6 (14.3%) pregnant women with asymptomatic rubella.

[Biosynthesis and main biological properties of human gamma interferon]. / Poluchenie i osnovnye biologicheskie svoistva gamma-interferona cheloveka.

Conditions for and regularities of gamma-interferon production were elucidated. High interferon inducing activity of the known inductors such as concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin and lentil lectin was asserted. It was shown that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of legumes seeds were also able to induce interferon synthesis in cultures of human peripheral blood leukocytes. By physicochemical properties such as stability to acids and liability to heating and by antigenic properties, interferon produced under such conditions was of type 2 (gamma). The maximum yield of interferon was observed in stationary and roller leukocyte cultures at a density of 2.10(6)-4.10(6) cells/ml on commercial rich media (IMDM and Eagle medium). Dynamics of gamma-interferon biosynthesis was determined. The peak of interferon production after the leukocyte induction with plant lectins was recorded in 72-96 hours.

[Effect of regulator cells induced by the influenza virus in adoptive transfer]. / Vliianie reguliatornykh kletok, indutsirovannykh virusom grippa, v usloviiakh adoptivnogo perenosa.

The protective effect of humoral and cellular immunity factors on experimental mouse influenza infection was studied in combination with a simultaneous analysis of the functional activity in the regulatory lymphocytes of donor mice. The efficacy of adoptive defense of recipient mice, that is the intensity of immune reactions in their organisms, was found to depend on the concrete functional state of donor mouse transferring cells. The exact time of activation of T-helper cells open certain prospects for the concrete pathogenetically grounded drug therapy.

[Experimental coronavirus encephalomyelitis in mice]. / Eksperimental'nyi koronavirusnyi éntsefalomielit myshei.

A combined comparative virological, morphological, and immunological study of experimental coronavirus encephalomyelitis was carried out in mice in order to elucidate the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the formation of the foci of lesions in acute and chronic forms of the disease. Intracerebral inoculation of C3H mice with the neurotropic JHM strain of murine hepatitis virus induces a disease with demyelinization foci in the CNS running acute, subacute, or chronic course. This model underlies a concept that demyelinating diseases are caused by viruses producing immunopathologic responses realized via certain histocompatibility loci. The long-term persistence of viral antigen in the CNS and liver may be explained by virus replication in hepatocytes and oligodendrocytes at low levels, and exacerbations of the disease are prevented by the immune system.

Study of live recombinant cold-adapted influenza bivalent vaccine of type A for use in children: an epidemiological control trial.

Live cold-adapted recombinant bivalent vaccine of influenza type A was studied in a controlled field trial in 1982-1983 among nearly 30,000 children 3-15 years old. The bivalent vaccine consisted of recombinants 47/25/1 (H1N1) and 47/7/2 (H3N2) of wild-type viruses A/Brazil/11/78 (H1N1) and A/Bangkok/1/79 (H3N2) with cold-adapted donor A/Leningrad/134/47/57 (H2N2). The recombinants which received mutant nonglycoprotein genes from cold-adapted donor did not suppress each other after simultaneous inoculation of children and stimulated antibody response to both strains. The bivalent vaccine was completely attenuated for children. It caused less than 1% transient febrile reactions during five days after the first vaccination, including double seronegative individuals with low antibody titres to both vaccinal strains. The cold-adapted bivalent vaccine tested proved to be safe for children according to the analysis of morbidity studies among vaccines and a control group performed during the five days and the following six months after the first immunization. There is a similar distribution of non-influenza illnesses and a statistically significant decrease in influenza-like diseases among vaccines compared to the control group. In the four months after the immunization programme was completed, epidemics of influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 occurred. The incidence of influenza-like diseases was approximately 50% less in the vaccinated than in the control groups. This is the first evidence of safety and protective efficacy of recombinant live influenza vaccine for children 3-15 years of age.

[Characteristics of the interaction of the influenza and vesicular stomatitis viruses with the splenocytes of inbred mice]. / Osobennosti vzaimodeistviia virusov grippa i vezikuliarnogo stomatita so splenotsitami lineinykh myshei.

The reproduction activity of many viruses in cells of human and animal immune system has not been studied sufficiently on the body level. It is especially important to determine exactly the sensitivity of the main triad of the immune system cells to a certain virus from the parameters of its intracellular reproduction. Complete elimination of extracellular influenza A/PR8/34 virus from in vivo pre-infected cells of the immune system of mice revealed no reproduction of this virus. Under similar conditions, permanent reproduction of vesicular stomatitis virus has been demonstrated.

[Experience with clinical use of human leukocyte interferon in cancer of the cervix uteri]. / Opyt klinicheskogo primeneniia chelovecheskogo leikotsitarnogo interferona pri rake sheiki matki.

Interferon was injected intracervically as the first stage of combination treatment in 110 cases of histologically-verified Ca in situ and invasive cervical carcinoma. Colpomicroscopic, cytologic and histologic examination was carried before and after treatment. Posttreatment histologic examination failed to detect any tumor cells in 31 patients (28.1%). Pronounced antitumor action of interferon was established.

[Characteristics of the immunological and protective effect in the simultaneous and separate use of live and killed influenza vaccines]. / Osobennosti immunologicheskogo i zashchitnogo éffekta pri odnovremennom i razdel'nom primenenii zhivykh i ubitykh grippoznykh vaktsin.

Simultaneous immunization with inactivated and live influenza vaccines is characterized by a more rapid and intensive formation of local protection and humoral immunity persisting for 5 months at a higher level than after separate administration of inactivated and live vaccines. The live vaccine was found to be the major factor enhancing the immune response and local protection in combined immunization. Administration as components of a live bivaccine of influenza serotype A viruses with a different degree of attenuation was not accompanied by higher reactogenicity but led to a sharp decrease of immunogenic activity that indicated incompatibility of such viruses in a bivaccine.