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1.
Med Health Care Philos ; 23(4): 705-715, 2020 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32666436

ABSTRACT

A persistent question in discussions of the ethics of advance directives for euthanasia is whether patients who go through deep psychological changes retain their identity. Rather than seek an account of identity that answers this question, I argue that responsible policy should directly address indeterminacy about identity directly. Three sorts of indeterminacy are distinguished. Two of these-epistemic indeterminacy and metaphysical indeterminacy-should be addressed in laws/policies regarding advance directives for euthanasia.


Subject(s)
Advance Directives/legislation & jurisprudence , Dementia/epidemiology , Euthanasia/legislation & jurisprudence , Mental Competency/legislation & jurisprudence , Advance Directives/ethics , Euthanasia/ethics , Humans , Personal Autonomy , Philosophy, Medical
2.
Exp Dermatol ; 27(5): 473-475, 2018 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29227563

ABSTRACT

CYP3A4 and CYP4A5 share specificity for a wide range of xenobiotics with the CYP3 subfamily collectively involved in the biotransformation of approximately 30% of all drugs. CYP3A4/5 mRNA transcripts have been reported in the skin, yet knowledge of their protein expression and function is lacking. In this study, we observed gene and protein expression of CYP3A4/5 in both human skin and tissue-engineered skin equivalents (TESEs), and enzyme activity was detected using the model substrate benzyl-O-methyl-cyanocoumarin. Mass spectrometric analysis of TESE lysates following testosterone application revealed a time-dependent increase in metabolite production, confirming the functional expression of these enzymes in skin.


Subject(s)
Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A/metabolism , Models, Biological , Skin/enzymology , Humans , Liver/enzymology , Tissue Engineering
3.
Med Humanit ; 42(2): 81-6, 2016 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26979075

ABSTRACT

Ireland's only published witchcraft pamphlet, written by Daniel Higgs, The Wonderful and True Relation of the Bewitching of a Young Girle in Ireland, What Ways she was Tormented, and a Receipt of the Ointment that she was Cured with (1699), works within the confines of late seventeenth-century demonology, while upholding the patriarchy of the fledgling Protestant Ascendancy. More importantly, it provides rare insight into early modern Protestant witchcraft beliefs, highlights the limits of contemporary medical care and provision and details the pathways of self-medication people resorted to. Higgs' method of promoting self-medication as a cure to bewitchment and demonic possession was based on a remedy described in an obscure Renaissance magical text. To promote his 'cure' the pamphlet included a particularly vitriolic critique of the established Irish medical profession, as self-regarding and incompetent witchcraft deniers. This article uses Higgs' pamphlet to explore the limits to/of medical knowledge in early modern Ireland and Europe.


Subject(s)
Culture , Magic/history , Medicine , Protestantism/history , Religion and Medicine , Spirit Possession/history , Witchcraft/history , History, 17th Century , Humans , Ireland , Knowledge , Pamphlets , Self Care
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