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1.
Polymers (Basel) ; 14(21)2022 Nov 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36365752

ABSTRACT

Encapsulation can be used as a strategy to protect and control the release of bioactive extracts. In this work, an extract from Spirulina sp. LEB-18, rich in phenolic compounds, was encapsulated in biopolymeric particles (i.e., composed of alginate) and characterized concerning their thermal behavior using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size, morphology, swelling index (S), and encapsulation efficiency (EE%); the release profile of the phenolic compounds at different pHs and the particle behavior under in vitro gastrointestinal digestion were also evaluated. It was shown that it is possible to encapsulate the phenolic extract from Spirulina sp. LEB-18 in alginate particles with high encapsulation efficiency (88.97%). It was also observed that the particles are amorphous and that the encapsulated phenolic compounds were released at a pH 7.2 but not at pH 1.5, which means that the alginate particles are able to protect the phenolic compounds from the harsh stomach conditions but lose their integrity under intestinal pH conditions. Regarding bioaccessibility, it was observed that the encapsulated phenolic compounds showed higher bioaccessibility compared to phenolic compounds in free form. This work increases the knowledge about the behavior of alginate particles encapsulating phenolic compounds during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. It also provides essential information for designing biopolymeric particle formulations encapsulating phenolic compounds for application in pharmaceutical and food products.

2.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; Braz. arch. biol. technol;56(3): 447-456, May-June 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-679192

ABSTRACT

This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of Spirulina (Arthrospira) as a protein source in the nutritional recovery of rats subjected to protein malnutrition. In order to understand such effects, responses of the developing body, serum biochemical profile, and blood count of animals were analyzed. A total of, 23 Wistar Rattus norvegicus were given a proteic diet (AIN-93G adapted) in malnutrition phase (phase I) for 10 days. After this period, the rats were separated into four groups according to the protein source (recovery phase): Control (C), casein 12%; Spirulina level I (S1), Spirulina 8.8% + casein 5.0%; Spirulina level II (S2), Spirulina 17.6% + casein 0.15%, and Spirulina level III (S3), Spirulina 26.4%. Recovery phase (phase II) lasted 30 days. In both the phases, the consumption and body weight of the rats were monitored daily and weekly, respectively. The S1 treatment showed the highest values of Feed Efficiency Ratio (FER) and Quotient of Protein Efficiency Ratio (QPE) (p<0.05). Significant differences among the treatments were found mainly in the levels of serum lipids, and S2 diet caused an increase in such responses (p<0.05). These results demonstrated that the nutritional recovery of animals was enabled by different concentrations of Spirulina.

3.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; Braz. arch. biol. technol;55(6): 937-942, Nov.-Dec. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-660343

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work was to evaluate the solid-state fermentation with Rhizopus oryzae CCT 7560 of rice bran for the enrichment of proteins and the antioxidant compounds in the fermented biomass. Fermentation was performed in tray bioreactors at 30ºC for 120 h. Protein extraction was done at alkaline pH, followed by precipitation with acetone. Phenolic compounds were extracted with cold methanol. The maximum protein was recovered from after 120 h (26.6%). The content of total phenolic compounds increased during the fermentation and was maximum after 96 h, which inhibited the DPPH radical by 87%. The promising characteristics of the protein and phenolic extracts of the biomass suggested the application in the coating composition for vegetal tissues preservation.

4.
Bioresour Technol ; 102(17): 8335-8, 2011 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21715163

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate fermented rice bran phospholipids, lipids and fatty acid content in a fermentation solid system with Rhizopus oryzae fungus. For this, aliquots were withdrawn every 24h over 120 h. The content of phospholipids was determined by colorimetric method. Esterified fatty acids were separated by gas chromatography, then identified and quantified. The total lipids from fermented rice bran (FB) decreased from 20.4% to 11.2% in the range between 0 h and 120 h of fermentation while phospholipid contents were increased up to 2.4 mg P g(lipid)(-1). In fermented bran, oleic, palmitic and linoleic acids prevailed, with a decrease in saturated fatty acids (20%) and increase in the unsaturated ones (5%). This study showed that rice bran fermentation with R. oryzae can be applied to the production of phospholipids altering the saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio.


Subject(s)
Fatty Acids/metabolism , Fermentation , Lipid Metabolism , Oryza/metabolism , Phospholipids/metabolism , Oryza/microbiology
5.
Bioresour Technol ; 101(18): 7118-22, 2010 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20417094

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutritional characteristics of Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli microalgae developed in the effluent of parboiled rice. The biomass was biologically evaluated by rat growth, during 10 days for nitrogen balance studies and 28 days for blood analysis. The feeding of Aphanothece biomass diets resulted in a nitrogen balance of 1.42 g/rat/day, an apparent biological value of 73.33%, an apparent digestibility of 82.12%, an apparent net protein utilization of 60.21% and a net protein retention of 2.40. Significant differences between the glycemic indices of rats fed with the Aphanothece and those fed with the control diet were not observed. However, the total cholesterol levels in the plasma of rats fed the test diet proved to be significantly lower. These results suggest the use of A. microscopica Nägeli developed in parboiled rice effluent as a potential source of single-cell protein.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Proteins/administration & dosage , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Body Weight/drug effects , Body Weight/physiology , Cyanobacteria/metabolism , Industrial Waste/prevention & control , Oryza/microbiology , Administration, Oral , Animals , Dietary Supplements , Nutrition Assessment , Rats
7.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 29(3): 619-630, 2008.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-763102

ABSTRACT

In the last years the production of chicken meat have increased considerably, and as consequence have been generated a larger amount of industrial waste of the poultry processing. These agroindustrial residues are rich in several nutrients that can be used in nature, but may also be applied processing techniques in order to provide transformations desired on the chemical and physical characteristics, in view to a better use of the same ones. These by-product are rich in lipids could be used in several products, however are usually used in the elaboration of animal feed and products with low value. In this review are being approached the principal technological and nutritional aspects presented by the derived lipids of the chicken processing. Technological alternatives are also presented to solve the discard of that material in the environment.


Nos últimos anos a produção de carne de frango tem aumentado expressivamente, e como conseqûência tem sido gerada uma maior quantidade de resíduos industriais provenientes do processamento das aves. Estes resíduos agroindustriais são ricos em diversos nutrientes que podem ser utilizados “in natura”, mas também podem ser aplicadas técnicas de processamento a fim de proporcionar transformações desejadas sobre as características químicas e físicas, tendo em vista um melhor aproveitamento dos mesmos. Estes subprodutos são ricos em lipídios podendo ser utilizados em diversos produtos, porém geralmente são utilizados na elaboração de rações animais e produtos com baixo valor agregado. Nesta revisão estão sendo abordados os principais aspectos tecnológicos e nutricionais apresentados pelos lipídios derivados da indústria processadora de frango. Alternativas tecnológicas também são apresentadas para solucionar a questão do descarte desse material no meio ambiente.

8.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 29(3): 619-630, 2008.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-471223

ABSTRACT

In the last years the production of chicken meat have increased considerably, and as consequence have been generated a larger amount of industrial waste of the poultry processing. These agroindustrial residues are rich in several nutrients that can be used in nature, but may also be applied processing techniques in order to provide transformations desired on the chemical and physical characteristics, in view to a better use of the same ones. These by-product are rich in lipids could be used in several products, however are usually used in the elaboration of animal feed and products with low value. In this review are being approached the principal technological and nutritional aspects presented by the derived lipids of the chicken processing. Technological alternatives are also presented to solve the discard of that material in the environment.


Nos últimos anos a produção de carne de frango tem aumentado expressivamente, e como conseqüência tem sido gerada uma maior quantidade de resíduos industriais provenientes do processamento das aves. Estes resíduos agroindustriais são ricos em diversos nutrientes que podem ser utilizados in natura, mas também podem ser aplicadas técnicas de processamento a fim de proporcionar transformações desejadas sobre as características químicas e físicas, tendo em vista um melhor aproveitamento dos mesmos. Estes subprodutos são ricos em lipídios podendo ser utilizados em diversos produtos, porém geralmente são utilizados na elaboração de rações animais e produtos com baixo valor agregado. Nesta revisão estão sendo abordados os principais aspectos tecnológicos e nutricionais apresentados pelos lipídios derivados da indústria processadora de frango. Alternativas tecnológicas também são apresentadas para solucionar a questão do descarte desse material no meio ambiente.

9.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 66(1): 50-56, jan.-abr. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-CTDPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: lil-497800

ABSTRACT

O óleo de pescado constitui importante fonte de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados ômega-3 (PUFA) benéficos à saúde humana. No entanto, há presença de impurezas que afetam suas características. Esse óleo pode ser obtido a partir do processo de ensilagem ácida e pelo processo termomecânico tradicional de produção de farinha. Para o consumo humano, o óleo deve passar pelo processo de refino. No presente trabalho realizou-se o refino dos óleos de resíduos de corvina (Micropogonias furnieri), provenientes dos processos de ensilagem ácida e de tratamento termomecânico, e comparou-se a qualidade final dos óleos refinados. O óleo refinado por meio de ambos processos apresentou características semelhantes. A etapa de“winterização”, em ambos os processos, resultou no ganho de ácidos eicosapentaenóico mais docosahexaenóico (EPA+DHA) em torno de 8,5% e redução de ácidos graxos saturados na faixa de 12,5%. Outrossim, os óleos refinados apresentaram teores de ácidos graxos insaturados na faixa de 62%, o que os tornam favoráveis como fonte de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados.


Subject(s)
Flour , Fatty Acids , Fish Oils
10.
R. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 66(1): 50-56, 2007.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-452986

ABSTRACT

Fish oil constitutes an important source of poly-unsaturated -3 fatty acids (PUFA), which are beneficial human health; however, the occurrence of impurities affects oil characteristics. The corvine oil can be obtained from the ensilage acidification process or from thermo treatment process for meal production. For human consumption, the oil should be passed through a refining process. In the present work, refinement of corvine (Micropogonias furnieri) residues was performed by means of acid ensilage and thermo-treatment processes; and also the characteristics of refined oils were compared. Similar characteristics were observed in products from both refinement procedures. The winterization step, in both process, resulted in an increase of EPA+DHA around 8.5%, and a reduction saturated contents in range of 12.5%. Also, the corvine oil refined from both thermo treatment and ensilage processes presented unsaturated fatty acids contents in a range of 62%, which turns to be favorable as a source of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).


  O óleo de pescado constitui importante fonte de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados ômega-3 (PUFA) benéficos à saúde humana. No entanto, há presença de impurezas que afetam suas características. Esse óleo pode ser obtido a partir do processo de ensilagem ácida e pelo processo termomecânico tradicional de produção de farinha. Para o consumo humano, o óleo deve passar pelo processo de refino. No presente trabalho realizou-se o refino dos óleos de resíduos de corvina (Micropogonias furnieri), provenientes dos processos de ensilagem ácida e de tratamento termomecânico, e comparou-se a qualidade final dos óleos refinados. O óleo refinado por meio de ambos processos apresentou características semelhantes. A etapa de winterização, em ambos os processos, resultou no ganho de ácidos eicosapentaenóico mais docosahexaenóico (EPA+DHA) em torno de 8,5% e redução de ácidos graxos saturados na faixa de 12,5%. Outrossim, os óleos refinados apresentaram teores de ácidos graxos insaturados na faixa de 62%, o que os tornam favoráveis como fonte de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados.

11.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 65(2): 94-99, maio-ago. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: lil-450813

ABSTRACT

Neste trabalho foi determinado o perfil de ácidos graxos da pele e do músculo de duas espécies marinhas de pescados, Balistes capriscus e Menticirrhus littoralis, usadas pela população da região de Rio Grande no Rio Grande do Sul. Estes pescados foram selecionados pelos efeitos benéficos dos chás de suas peles para tratamento da asma brônquica. Os pescados foram coletados no mercado público e empresas de pescado da cidade e a pele e o músculo destes foram separados para o estudo. As frações lipídicas foram extraídas pelo método de Bligh e Dyer, esterificadas, identificadas e quantificadas por cromatografia gasosa. Os resultados revelaram que os ácidos graxos predominantes nas duas porções (músculo e pele)das espécies foram o ácido dihomo--linolênico (20:3n-6;DHA) e o ácido eicosapentaenóico (20:5n-3;EPA), estes representam juntos 21,3% e 39% nas duas porções do Balistes capriscus e 12,8% e 24,2%no Menticirrhus littoralis. Os ácidos graxos poliinsaturados representam de 54,6 a 67,6% dos lipídios totais em quase todas as porções, exceto na pele do Menticirrhus littoralis em que predominaram os ácidos graxos monoinsaturados. A relação dos ácidos graxos EPA e DHA apresentou valores sempre superiores a 2 no músculo e na pele dos pescados estudados.


Subject(s)
Muscles , Fishes , Skin , Fatty Acids , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated , Fish Oils , Brazil
12.
R. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 65(2): 94-99, 2006.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-453083

ABSTRACT

The fatty acids profile was determined in skin and muscle from two species of marine fishes, Balistes capriscus e Menticirrhus littoralis, consumed by population in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State. These fishes were chosen due to the benefic effects of their skin, used as infused tea for asthma treatment. Fishes samples were collected in public market and fish industries located in Rio Grande city and the fish skin was separated from the muscle. The lipid fractions were extracted following Bligh and Dyer methodology, and then esterified, identified , and quantified by means of gas chromatography technique. The main fatty acids found in both muscle and skin portions of these fish species were dihomo linoleic acid (20:3n-6;DHA) and eicosapenthenoic acid (20:5n-3; EPA), being 21.3% and 39% in both portions of Balistes capriscus, and 12.8% and 24.2% in Menticirrhus littoralis. Poliunsatured fatty acid was equivalent to the quantity from 54,6% to 67.6% of the total lipids, except Menticirrhus littoralis skin, wherein the main fatty acids were monoinsatured. The ratio of EPA to DHA values were always higher than 2, in both muscle and skin portions of the studied fishes.


Neste trabalho foi determinado o perfil de ácidos graxos da pele e do músculo de duas espécies marinhas de pescados, Balistes capriscus e Menticirrhus littoralis, usadas pela população da região de Rio Grande no Rio Grande do Sul. Estes pescados foram selecionados pelos efeitos benéficos dos chás de suas peles para tratamento da asma brônquica. Os pescados foram coletados no mercado público e empresas de pescado da cidade e a pele e o músculo destes foram separados para o estudo. As frações lipídicas foram extraídas pelo método de Bligh e Dyer, esterificadas, identificadas e quantificadas por cromatografia gasosa. Os resultados revelaram que os ácidos graxos predominantes nas duas porções (músculo e pele) das espécies foram o ácido dihomo--linolênico (20:3n-6;DHA) e o ácido eicosapentaenóico (20:5n-3; EPA), estes representam juntos 21,3% e 39% nas duas porções do Balistes capriscus e 12,8% e 24,2% no Menticirrhus littoralis. Os ácidos graxos poliinsaturados representam de 54,6 a 67,6% dos lipídios totais em quase todas as porções, exceto na pele do Menticirrhus littoralis em que predominaram os ácidos graxos monoinsaturados. A relação dos ácidos graxos EPA e DHA apresentou valores sempre superiores a 2 no músculo e na pele dos pescados estudados.

13.
Biol Res Nurs ; 7(2): 146-56, 2005 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16267376

ABSTRACT

The authors investigated the vasorelaxant properties of the aqueous (Aq-EF) and acid n-butanolic (acn-BuOH) extractable fractions from Ilex paraguariensis leaves. Perfusion pressure was evaluated using isolated and perfused mesenteric arterial beds (MABs) from rats fed hypercholesterolemic and standard diets. Extract-induced vasorelaxation in the presence and absence of various inhibitors was examined following precontraction of the MABs with methoxamine (30 microM) solution. In hypercholesterolemic-diet rats, relaxation in intact MABs was significantly decreased with ac-n-BuOH-EF bolus (300, 600, 900 microg) in comparison to those in standard-diet rats. After the endothelium was stripped from the MABs, the vascular responses to ac-n-BuOH-EF and 900 microg bolus of Aq-EF were significantly changed. Treatment of the MABs with an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methylester hydrochloride (L-NAME, 10 mM), did not change either ac-n-BuOH-EF- or Aq-EF-induced vasodilation except for the 900 microg bolus of Aq-EF. The guanilate cyclase inhibitor methylene blue (100 microM) did not affect vasodilation for either fraction in the MABs from the hypercholesterolemic-diet rats. The chronic oral administration of I. paraguariensis extract in hypercholesterolemic-diet rats resulted in a significant reduction in serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. These results suggest that I. paraguariensis ac-n-BuOH-EF and Aq-EF induce vasodilation in standard-diet rats in a dose-dependent manner and that the hypercholesterolemic diet substantially reduced the effect of ac-n-BuOH-EF on precontracted MABs.


Subject(s)
Hypercholesterolemia/prevention & control , Ilex paraguariensis , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Vasodilation/drug effects , Analysis of Variance , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism , Male , Mesenteric Arteries/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Wistar
14.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 64(1): 58-64, jan.-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: lil-432154

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do trabalho foi de verificar as mudanças físicas e químicas em ovos de codornas, alimentadas com dietas controle e contendo a fração sólida de silagem química de resíduos de pescado, nas porcentagens de 3,3%, 6,6% e 9,9%, durante 30 dias. O experimento foi realizado utilizando-se 80 codornas com 35 semanas de idade, as quais foram divididas em blocos aleatórios em 5 gaiolas/dieta e 4 animais/gaiola. Os ovos foram coletados e selecionados por pesos variando de 10,5g a 12,0g. Para a avaliação da composição foi utilizada a metodologia oficial para ovos, determinando-se a umidade, as proteínas e cinzas em gemas e claras e os lipídios somente em gemas. Quanto às análises físicas foram determinados a perda de peso, as relações clara/ovo, gema/ovo e casca/ovo, a massa específica de claras e gemas, a Unidade Haugh e o índice gema. Ao final do experimento foi observado que as alterações ocorridas nosovos são físicas e estão mais relacionadas com o tempo de armazenamento do que com a mudança na dieta das aves. A maior perda de peso dos ovos foi de 2,64% no 30° dia; a queda na qualidade da clara passou de 76 para 72 Unidades Haugh e não houveram diferenças estatísticas nas análises químicas dos ovos


Subject(s)
Animals , Quail , Eggs , Food Quality , Silage
15.
R. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 64(1): 58-64, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-452507

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work was to verify the physical and chemical changes in quail eggs fed with control diet and diets containing percentages of 3.3%, 6.6% and 9.9% of solid fraction of fish residues chemical silage, for 30 days. The experiment was performed using 80 quails of 35 weeks old. They were divided at random into blocks in five cages/diets and four birds/cage. The eggs were selected according to weights varying from 10.5g to 12.0g. For egg composition analysis was used the official methodology, evaluating the moisture, proteins and ashes in yolks and albumens and lipids in yolks.The physical analyses consisted of weight loss, albumen/egg ratio, yolk/egg ratio and shell/egg ratio, specific mass of albumens and yolks, Haugh Units, and yolk index. The data of the present study showed that alterations occurred eggs physical features were rather more correlated with storage time than the change in bird diets. The major egg weight loss was 2.64% at 30th day; and albumen quality decayed from 76 to 72 Haugh Units.No statistically significant differences in quail eggs chemical analyses were observed.


O objetivo do trabalho foi de verificar as mudanças físicas e químicas em ovos de codornas, alimentadas com dietas controle e contendo a fração sólida de silagem química de resíduos de pescado, nas porcentagens de 3,3%, 6,6% e 9,9%, durante 30 dias. O experimento foi realizado utilizando-se 80 codornas com 35 semanas de idade, as quais foram divididas em blocos aleatórios em 5 gaiolas/dieta e 4 animais/ gaiola. Os ovos foram coletados e selecionados por pesos variando de 10,5g a 12,0g. Para a avaliação da composição foi utilizada a metodologia oficial para ovos, determinando-se a umidade, as proteínas e cinzas em gemas e claras e os lipídios somente em gemas.Quanto às análises físicas foram determinados a perda de peso, as relações clara/ovo, gema/ovo e casca/ovo, a massa específica de claras e gemas, a Unidade Haugh e o índice gema. Ao final do experimento foi observado que as alterações ocorridas nos ovos são físicas e estão mais relacionadas com o tempo de armazenamento do que com a mudança na dieta das aves. A maior perda de peso dos ovos foi de 2,64% no 30º dia; a queda na qualidade da clara passou de 76 para 72 Unidades Haugh e não houveram diferenças estatísticas nas análises químicas dos ovos.

16.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 25(1): 35-44, 2004.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1433146

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work was evaluate the possible changes in the chemical and physical characteristics of quail eggs fed with diets containing fish oil and solid fraction of fish chemical silage, along 30 days. The experiment was conducted using 80 quails 19 weeks old, distributed in a total occasional design with 4 treatments, 5 repetitions and 4 birds by experimental unit. The physical analyses were: Haugh Unit, yolk index, volumes of albumens and yolks and relationship of albumen/egg, yolk/egg and shell/egg. For the chemical analyses was used official methodology, specific for eggs. In this work was verified, in the end of the analysed time, a weigth loss of 3,43%; a decrease in the albumen quality, the Haugh Unit lowered from 67 to 64 and a rise of 5% in the humidity percentual of the yolks. Also was observed that the albumen volume is stabler than of the yolks and that the albumen proteins are instable front to its basic pH.


O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as possíveis mudanças nas características químicas e físicas dos ovos de codornas alimentadas com dietas contendo óleo de pescado e fração sólida de silagem química de pescado, ao longo de 30 dias. O experimento foi conduzido utilizando-se 80 codornas, com 19 semanas de idade, distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 4 tratamentos, 5 repetições e 4 aves por unidade experimental. As análises físicas determinadas foram: Unidade Haugh, índice gema, volumes de claras e gemas e relações clara/ovo, gema/ovo e casca/ovo. Para as análises químicas foi utilizada a metodologia oficial, específica para ovos. Neste trabalho foi verificado, ao final do tempo analisado: perda de peso de 3,43%; decréscimo na qualidade das claras, a Unidade Haugh passou de 67 para 64 e aumento de 5% no percentual de umidade das gemas. Também foi observado que o volume das claras é mais estável do que o das gemas e que as proteínas das claras são instáveis frente ao seu pH básico.

17.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 25(1): 35-44, 2004.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-471790

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work was evaluate the possible changes in the chemical and physical characteristics of quail eggs fed with diets containing fish oil and solid fraction of fish chemical silage, along 30 days. The experiment was conducted using 80 quails 19 weeks old, distributed in a total occasional design with 4 treatments, 5 repetitions and 4 birds by experimental unit. The physical analyses were: Haugh Unit, yolk index, volumes of albumens and yolks and relationship of albumen/egg, yolk/egg and shell/egg. For the chemical analyses was used official methodology, specific for eggs. In this work was verified, in the end of the analysed time, a weigth loss of 3,43%; a decrease in the albumen quality, the Haugh Unit lowered from 67 to 64 and a rise of 5% in the humidity percentual of the yolks. Also was observed that the albumen volume is stabler than of the yolks and that the albumen proteins are instable front to its basic pH.


O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as possíveis mudanças nas características químicas e físicas dos ovos de codornas alimentadas com dietas contendo óleo de pescado e fração sólida de silagem química de pescado, ao longo de 30 dias. O experimento foi conduzido utilizando-se 80 codornas, com 19 semanas de idade, distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 4 tratamentos, 5 repetições e 4 aves por unidade experimental. As análises físicas determinadas foram: Unidade Haugh, índice gema, volumes de claras e gemas e relações clara/ovo, gema/ovo e casca/ovo. Para as análises químicas foi utilizada a metodologia oficial, específica para ovos. Neste trabalho foi verificado, ao final do tempo analisado: perda de peso de 3,43%; decréscimo na qualidade das claras, a Unidade Haugh passou de 67 para 64 e aumento de 5% no percentual de umidade das gemas. Também foi observado que o volume das claras é mais estável do que o das gemas e que as proteínas das claras são instáveis frente ao seu pH básico.

18.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 58(2): e36691, jul.-dez.1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Coleciona SUS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, CONASS, SESSP-ACVSES, SESSP-IALPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALACERVO | ID: lil-268381

ABSTRACT

Foi proposto o desenvolvimento de uma formulaçäo alternativa de massas alimentícias substituindo-se os ovos por plasma bovino. O produto foi avaliado quanto à sua qualidade tecnológica, frente a uma massa à base de ovos, tradicionalmente disponível no comércio, através da determinaçäo do seu tempo de cocçäo, capacidade de absorçäo e retençäo de água, perda de sólidos e proteínas e pelo deslocamento de volume. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a massa à base de plasma atingiu o ponto al dente em 3/4 do produto padräo, posuiu maior capacidade de absorçäo de água 61,8(por cento), menor perda de sólidos 0,8(por cento). O comportamento tecnológico deferenciado dos produtos foi evidenciado por análise de componentes principais. (AU)


The development of an alternative formulation of pasta was considered by replacing eggs for bovine plasma. The product was evaluated for its technological Quality in contrast to a traditio- nally egg pasta available on the Market place, through determination of its cooking time, water absorp-tion and retention capacity, loss of solids and proteins in the cooking water and for volume displace-ment.The results obtained demonstrated that the bovine plasma pasta reaches the ai dente point in ¾ of the time of the standard product, it posses greater capacity of water absorption (61.8%) and decrea- sed loss of solids (0.8%) and proteins (0.7%). The differentiated technological behavior of the products was indicated by main componentes analysis. (AU)


Subject(s)
Cattle , Plasma , Cattle , Pastas , Food Preservation , Food Technology
19.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 58(2): e36700, jul.-dez.1999. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Coleciona SUS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, CONASS, SESSP-ACVSES, SESSP-IALPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALACERVO | ID: lil-268389

ABSTRACT

Foi realizado um levantamento de ocorrência de aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1, G2, ocratoxina A e zearalenona em produtos alimentícios comercializados nas cidades de Rio Grande e Pelotas, RS. As amostras, produtos de arroz (47), milho (39), e trigo (79), foram coletadas em supermercados nos anos de 1996 e 1997. Foi empregado o multimetodo de camada delgada descrito por Soares (1987). A performance deste para cada tipo de método. Os resultados mostraram que 6,7(por cento) das amostras estavam contaminadas por micotoxinas. Os produtos de milho foram os que apresentaram níveis de aflatoxina B1 (32 ug.Kg-1) acima dos limites permitidos pela legislaçäo brasileira. Ocratoxina A foi encontrada em amostras de arroz (48 e 19ug.Kg-1) e trigo (18 e 26 ug.Kg-1. Zearalenona esteve presente em amostras de milho (163 ug.Kg-1) e farinhas de trigo (105 e 97 ug.Kg-1). (AU)


A survey about occurrence of aflatoxins B 1, B2, G 1, G2 ochratoxin A and zearale- none in food products comercialized in the cities Rio Grande (RS) and Pelotas (RS) was conducted. The samples - products of rice (47), com (39) and wheat (79) - were purchased on the supermerkets During 1996 and 1997. Simultaneous method of thin layer chromatograph Described by Soares (1987) was used. The performance for each Studied matrix was evaluated and it was in conform to literature The results Showed that 6,7% 01 samples was contamined with analysed mycotoxins. Com products had aflatoxin B llevels that exceeded Brazilian legislation «32 ug.Kg-I ). Ochratoxin A was foundedin rice products (48 e 19 ug.Kg-I ) and wheat (8 e 26 flg.Kg-l). Zearalenone was presente in com samples (163 flg.Kg-l ) and wheat meals (105 e 97 flg.Kg-l). (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Triticum , Zearalenone , Food Contamination , Zea mays , Aflatoxins , Flour , Ochratoxins
20.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; Arch. latinoam. nutr;48(4): 334-8, dic. 1998. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-228242

ABSTRACT

The information about dietary fiber presents controversies in many research areas such as in nomenclature, related illnesses, recommended quantities and terminology, mainly because of lack of analytical data. Different needs and interests for the dietary fiber composition of foods and forages have led to a proliferation of methods for its analysis. This research, a further adaptation of the enzymatic method of Asp et al. (1983) for its appplication is proposed for rice and wheat bran, byproducts of agroindustries in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). The inclusion of Amyloglucosidase in the proposed methodology contributed to the decrease in the content of residual starch at the end of the experiment, like Prosky et al (1992). To increase the efficiency of the enzyme system inthis type of samples, other changes were made with respect to incubation time and proteolytic enzyme concentration. In the final adaptation, a decrease of 51.33 per cent of the starch content was observed in rice bran (RB) and of 52.93 per cent in wheat bran (WB). This decrease was also verified in the model system (MS) (52.08 per cent), which demonstrates the adequacy of the proposed adaptation. With respect to the residual protein, it was verified that the measures adopted provoked a reduction of 42.15 per cent (RB), 52.19 per cent (WB) and 42.11 per cent (MS) as compared to the original method. Then the proposed conditions has been shown to be efficient in decreasing the level of interference (indigestible starch and protein) in the quantification of dietary fiber in rice and wheat bran.


Subject(s)
Dietary Fiber/analysis , Enzymes/metabolism , Oryza/chemistry , Proteins/analysis , Starch/analysis , Triticum/chemistry , alpha-Amylases/metabolism , Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase/metabolism , Pancreatin/metabolism , Pepsin A/metabolism
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