ABSTRACT
The objective of this article is to review the decentralization process that took place in the 1980s. First, some principles in relation to this topic are presented. Next, the legal foundations and the agreements which were established for Federation-states coordination are outlined, as well as basic points related to the introduction of the decentralization strategy. The favorable and unfavorable factors that affect the process are established and, finally, the possibility of carrying out decentralization of health services at the municipal level is briefly discussed.
Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care/methods , MexicoSubject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , AIDS Vaccines , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/economics , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/therapy , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Costs and Cost Analysis , Forecasting , Global Health , Health Care Reform , Human Rights , Humans , Latin America , Mexico/epidemiology , Public Health , Quality of Health Care , Social Security , United NationsABSTRACT
This work is a review of the philosophical analysis surrounding the concept of "humanism" and what it means to be a human being, in relationship to daily life, education and medicine. The authors establish a direct relationship between humanism and bioethics as they relate to the new trends acquired through the development of institutional medicine and the increasing application of technological innovations in the health field. Both of these conditions tend to depersonalize the practice of medicine, and transform an ill person into a clinical file. Reflections are made about current topics, such as the knowledge and manipulation of human genome, assisted reproduction, abortion, survival of premature infants, organ transplants, technological innovation, euthanasia and disthanasia. Concepts and ideas are reviewed in relation to medical institutions and the sick, the physician and the community, and the physician and the government.
Subject(s)
Humanism , Philosophy, Medical , Government , Hospital-Patient Relations , Humans , Patient Advocacy , Physician-Patient Relations , Social ResponsibilityABSTRACT
For the past several years, Mexico has experienced vast transitions which have had an effect on the state of health and the form in which its inhabitants are adequately cared for. The transitions--demographic, epidemiological, cultural/educational, economic, social, and political--show us how changes in the area of health come about. These can be grouped into two categories: (1) a new look at health care and (2) the accelerated progress in biomedical investigation. With regard to health care, the changes are directed towards a preventative emphasis rather than a curative one. This leads us to structural and functional redefinitions of health services. The government, since the past century, has put several experiments into practice (for the purpose of protecting vulnerable groups) by establishing institutions that have served as a foundation for the National Health System. These efforts intend to offer to everyone equal opportunities for the enjoyment of health. The second category shows the accelerated pace of biomedical research and its resulting beneficial achievements. It is now possible to offer better attention with more specific diagnosis and more efficient therapeutic measures.
Subject(s)
Public Health/trends , Social Change , Culture , Humans , Mexico , Population Dynamics , Primary Health Care/trends , Socioeconomic FactorsSubject(s)
Disasters , Public Health , Delivery of Health Care , Emergencies , Health Services Needs and Demand , Humans , MexicoSubject(s)
Health Planning/organization & administration , Health Policy , Health Services Administration , Health Planning/economics , Health Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Planning Guidelines , Health Policy/economics , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Promotion/economics , Health Resources/economics , Humans , Mexico , ResearchSubject(s)
National Health Programs/organization & administration , Community Participation , Health Policy , Health Services/supply & distribution , History, 20th Century , Interinstitutional Relations , Legislation as Topic , Mexico , National Health Programs/history , Public Health Administration , Social Security/organization & administrationSubject(s)
Disasters , Health Services/trends , Emergency Medical Services/trends , Health Resources/trends , Health Status , Humans , Mexico , MorbidityABSTRACT
In keeping with the global goal of health for all, the National Development Plan of Mexico describes health as a social right. To give effect to this right it is felt that the health sector must be restructured so as, among other purposes, to improve the coverage of services and strengthen the coordination of education institutions and social security agencies with health establishments, and to make the training of health personnel responsive to the country's real needs. No profession is better suited than nursing to the diversity of tasks in primary care. The authors describe the key role of this personnel in extending the coverage of health services to the entire population. They enumerate the range of basic--technical, administrative and educational--functions performed by nurses, and some factors that reinforce and others that restrict the contribution of nursing to primary health care in Mexico.
Subject(s)
Nursing , Primary Health Care , Health Education , Health Services Accessibility , Preventive Health Services , Public Health Administration , Role , WorkforceABSTRACT
In keeping with the global goal of health for all, the National Development Plan of Mexico describes health as a social right. To give effect to this right it is felt that the health sector must be restructured so as, among other purposes, to improve the coverage of services and strengthen the coordination of education institutions and social security agencies with health establishments, and to make the training of health personnel responsive to the country's real needs. No profession is better suited than nursing to the diversity of tasks in primary care. The authors describe the key role of this personnel in extending the coverage of health services to the entire population. They enumerate the range of basic--technical, administrative and educational--functions performed by nurses, and some factors that reinforce and others that restrict the contribution of nursing to primary health care in Mexico (Au)
