ABSTRACT
Purpose: Our study investigated the association between dental caries, periodontal diseases, and tooth loss with diabetes mellitus (DM) among the elderly population, representing the first study of its kind in Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional community-based study as a part of the second wave of the Birjand longitudinal aging study (BLAS, 2021-2022) for people older than 60. We used the Comprehensive Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Tool (CGOHAT) for the oral health evaluation. Participants were initially categorized into diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Those patients with DM were further categorised into uncontrolled and controlled diabetes based on their HbA1c level. The association between periodontitis, gingivitis, and edentulism with type II diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled diabetes was assessed using logistic regression. Results: Among the 1,011 participants, 324 (32.04%) had DM. The mean ± SD DMFT was 27.06 ± 7.71 and 27.07 ± 7.72 among those with and without DM, respectively (p = 0.976). The M index comprised 85.46% of the total DMFT among those without DM and 84.51% among those with DM. The prevalence of periodontitis was higher among those without DM (110, 32.84%, p = 0.390). The prevalence of gingivitis was higher among those with DM (73, 45.06%, p = 0.617). Among the diabetic group, 137 (42.28%) had controlled DM. Based on the adjusted matched multivariate logistic model, decayed teeth (1.24, 95%CI: 1.06 - 1.46, p-value = 0.006), periodontitis (2.78, 95%CI: 1.02 - 7.56, p-value = 0.044), and moderate tooth loss (5.73, 95%CI: 1.13 - 28.88, p-value = 0.034) were significantly associated with increased odds of uncontrolled DM. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, tooth loss was highly prevalent among the elderly Iranians regardless of their diabetes status. Also, periodontitis, tooth loss, and decayed teeth were significantly associated with increased odds of poor glycemic control among those with DM. Thus, it can be concluded that improving the oral health of the geriatric population may be a crucial part of improving the glycemic control among those with diabetes which has been frequently neglected. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01434-2.
ABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of dental caries among the elderly is high worldwide, and dental caries cause the major burden of oral diseases. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the dental caries experience among the elderly in Iran. Methods: A systematic review of the published and grey literature on Iranians aged 65 years or older was performed. Six international and local databases provided the most comprehensive population-based studies. National oral health surveys and national disease and health surveys were considered other primary data sources. The quality of remained studies was assessed by a modified tool designed based on the STROBE statement checklist to evaluate the cross-sectional studies. R Version 3.6.0 was used for statistical analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and F statistics. Subgroup analysis was performed to detect the source of heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Egger's regression intercept test were used to assess publication bias and selective reporting. Results: Overall, 3099 sources were found. After excluding ineligible studies, 46 data points with 10411 people ≥65 years were included in the meta-analysis. The mean pooled decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) among older people was 26.84 (range, 26.41-27.28). The DMFT was 26.78 (range, 26.12-27.43) in women and 26.91 (range, 26.32-27.50) in men. The mean number of decayed teeth was 1.48 (range, 1.32-1.65). The mean pooled missing teeth was 24.83 (range, 24.20-25.46), and the mean pooled filled teeth was 0.14 (range, 0.12-0.17). The majority (92%) of the DMFT was related to missing teeth. Conclusion: Iranian elderly have almost 5 sound teeth in their mouth on average. The Iranian oral health policymakers should address this considerable burden of dental caries in designing and implementing better oral health policies for the population, especially older Iranian adults.
ABSTRACT
Osteoblastoma (OSB) is an uncommon (3% of benign and 1% of all) primary bone neoplasm with extremely rare occurrence in head and neck, especially the maxillary bone region. OSB of the jaw mainly involves the mandible bone. We report a 10-month-old male who was admitted to the hospital because of a mass in the right maxillary jaw region. Clinicoradiopathologic features of the patient have been described. The histological examinations revealed OSB of the maxillary bone. Total surgical resection of the tumor was performed with 10 months of follow-up and there is no evidence of recurrence. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report of maxillary OSB in an infant.
