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2.
Med Educ ; 49(5): 542, 2015 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25924163
3.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 38(4): 493-501, out.-dez. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-736196

ABSTRACT

No intervalo de uma década (1966-1975), três escolas médicas - nas universidades de Brasília (UnB), São Paulo (USP) e Minas Gerais (UFMG) - estabeleceram novos currí-culos a fim de preparar médicos com potencial ampliado no trato de necessidades de saúde no cenário comunitário. As três escolas diferiam entre si no contexto geopolítico, na totalidade de recursos e na experiência de vida. Embora suas propostas tivessem traços em comum, cada qual definiu de forma peculiar os elementos da organização programática, dos enfoques estratégicos e da gestão do processo curricular, os quais se expressaram diferentemente na característica global de orientação comunitária, bem como no impacto de seus efeitos na formação dos médicos e no sistema de saúde. Este relato reúne informações documentais referenciadas e algumas ilações sobre os elementos básicos da inovação curricular e seus efeitos, nos três casos.


Along a decade (1966-1975), three medical schools - belonging to the University of Brasilia (UnB), University of São Paulo (USP) and University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) - established new curricula, aiming at the education of physicians with a broader capacity to deal with the health needs of the community. The three schools differed between them in their amount of resources, life experience and geopolitical factors. Although their proposals shared common features, each one peculiarly developed the elements of the program organization, the strategical approaches and the management of the curricular processes - which displayed differently in the key component of community orientation, as well as on the consequences of their outcomes on the physician education and the health system. This report brings the available documental information together and makes inferences about the basic features of the curricular innovation and its effects, in the three cases.

4.
Brasília méd ; 46(1): 29-35, 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-528064

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Análise de fatores associados à obtenção do título de especialista em Ginecologia e Obstetrícia por egressos da Universidade de Brasília. Métodos. O estudo incluiu os 55 egressos que se inscreveram para residência médica em Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, dentre 645 médicos formados de 1994 a 2004 na Instituição. Os dados abrangeram descritores demográficos, índices de interesse na especialidade e de rendimento acadêmico durante a graduação, inscrição para residência e indicação de adesão à especialidade, bem como registro de aprovação para obter o título. Análises estatísticas de contingência, correlação e regressão logística foram realizadas. Resultados. A análise dos dados mostrou que 24 egressos, dentre cinquenta inclusos no acompanhamento, obtiveram o título no intervalo de 1996 a 2008, a maioria graduada a partir do semestre 2/99. Os fatores significantemente associados à obtenção foram: rendimento global, e nas disciplinas da área, mais elevados, bem como faixa etária mais jovem na graduação. Sexo e índice de interesse na especialidade durante a graduação mostraram relação insignificante. O modelo de regressão logística classificou corretamente 76% dos casos, com variabilidade significantemente atribuível a dois fatores preditivos: rendimento global e interação faixa etária por época de graduação. Conclusões. O perfil predominante dos egressos que obtiveram o título caracterizou-se por rendimento acadêmico superior e faixa etária mais jovem no período recente de graduação. Os achados sugerem a tendência crescente nabusca de reconhecimento da identidade profissional - propiciada pela obtenção do título de especialista - notadamente entre profissionais mais jovens e de maior aptidão acadêmica.


Objective. Analysis of undergraduate features that relate to earning a specialty title in Obstetrics and Gynecology among University of Brasilia graduates. Methods. The study included the 55 graduates who applied for a medical residency program in Obstetrics and Gynecology among the 645 physicians who earned the degree at that university from 1994 to 2004. Data included demographic features, an index of interest in Obstetrics and Gynecology, measures of academic achievement, application for residency and the title certification. Analyses of contingency, correlation and logistic regression were done. Results. The findings showed that 24 (48%) among the 50 follow-up participants earned the title by 2008 and most of them graduated since 1999. The features associated with the outcome were younger age-bracket at graduation and higher scores both in the overall cumulative achievement index and in the Obstetrics and Gynecology marks. Sex and the previous index of interest in the specialty were unrelated to that outcome. A logistic regression model classified correctly 76% of cases and two predictive factors accounted for the variability: the cumulative academic achievementand the age-bracket by graduation-time interaction. Conclusion. Higher academic achievement and younger age-bracket in the recent graduation timeframe were key features of the predominant profile of the graduates who earned the specialty certification in Obstetrics and Gynecology. The findings suggest a growing trend in the search for the recognition of the professional identity - provided by earning the specialty certification - especially among younger professionals with greater academic aptitude.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gynecology , Internship and Residency , Obstetrics , Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital
5.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 32(4): 452-461, out.-dez. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-507131

ABSTRACT

Analisa-se a escolha de residência médica em Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (GO) em função de características pessoais dos graduandos, eventos curriculares e contexto temporal da instituição. O estudo incluiu 792 egressos do curso de Medicina da Universidade de Brasília, formados no período 1994-2006. Os dados abrangeram descritores demográficos e de aprendizagem, preferência inicial por carreira, monitorias, rendimento acadêmico, estágio seletivo no internato e inscrição para residência médica ao término do curso. Análises de contingência e de regressão logística foram realizadas com os egressos agrupados segundo a escolha ou não de GO. No conjunto, 8% dos egressos escolheram GO, dentre os quais 33% manifestaram atração inicial pela área. Não houve tendência temporal consistente na escolha ou na atração inicial, mas no qüinqüênio 1997-2001 a proporção de escolha foi menor do que a de atração inicial, em correspondência a mudanças na ambiência do curso. A análise de regressão logística identificou seis fatores preditivos da escolha: estágio seletivo, monitoria e incremento de rendimento em GO, preferência inicial, sexo feminino e época de graduação. Em conclusão, fatores associados à escolha de GO numa série histórica de 13 anos incluíram características pessoais, eventos curriculares e fase da conjuntura institucional.


The authors studied the choice of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Ob-Gyn) by medical graduates, in relation to personal features, program-related features and historical context. The study involved 792 students who graduated from the University of Brasilia in the period from 1994 to 2006. Data included demographics, learning attributes, early career preference, peer-tutoring experience, academic achievement, selective training in the final semester, and choice of residency training. Contingency and logistic regression analyses were performed with the graduates grouped according to choice of Ob-Gyn or any other option. Overall, 8% graduates selected GO of whom 33% had indicated early attraction to the specialty. No significant temporal trend was observed for either choice or early attraction. However, during a 5-years period, fewer graduates than the initially attracted by the specialty chose Ob-Gyn, a fact associated with program-environment changes. The logistic regression analysis identified six independent predictive factors: selective training, peer-tutoring and incremental achievement in Ob-Gyn, early preference for the specialty, (female) gender and date of graduation. In conclusion, the study revealed that the predictors of Ob-Gyn choice in a 13-years timeframe involved personal features, curricular events and the phase of the institutional conjuncture.


Subject(s)
Humans , Attitude , Education, Medical , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Internship and Residency , Medicine
6.
Med Teach ; 30(2): 199-205, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18464147

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There is a dearth of reports in the literature of school-wide appraisals of the student-selected approach in medical education. AIM: This paper appraises the scope of student-selected components in a medical programme and analyses the relationships of achievement and motivation with choices of optional courses. METHOD: The prospective study involved 247 students from seven class-cohorts. Statistics checked the differences between groups, as well as the association between the students' academic motivation and achievement with the extent of their selections between optional courses and peer-tutoring activity. RESULTS: Most students explored multiple options, including pre-clinical, clinical and non-medical subjects among the domains of learning experienced. A fifth of them earned more student-selected credits from optional courses than the requisite minimum. Twenty courses accounted for 80.2% of optional-course enrolments. Choices between optional courses and peer-tutoring activity reflected distinct learner features. Five variables-selective-credits need, achievement, intrinsic motivation to experience stimulation, and (negatively) peer-tutoring activity and intrinsic motivation to accomplish-explained 43% of the variability in optional-course credits. Nevertheless, a higher-level blend of optional-course and peer-tutoring selections related to greater cognitive achievement and intrinsic motivation. CONCLUSIONS: This work describes the variety of responses in extent and type of choices in a mix-option approach to student-selected credits. The findings suggest interrelationships of achievement and motivation toward purposeful blending of student-selected educational activities.


Subject(s)
Choice Behavior , Curriculum , Schools, Medical , Students, Medical , Adult , Brazil , Female , Humans , Male , Problem-Based Learning , Prospective Studies
7.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 32(1): 23-31, jan.-mar. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-485346

ABSTRACT

Os propósitos do trabalho foram examinar as percepções dos alunos sobre a vivência inicial do curso de Medicina, mediante o Questionário de Valoração do Curso (QVC), bem como analisar relações entre índices do QVC e medidas de atributos pessoais e sucesso acadêmico. O estudo envolveu 609 alunos numa década. Os resultados revelaram relativa estabilidade dos escores do QVC em turmas consecutivas e diferenças significantes entre os alunos agrupados por sexo, naturalidade, categoria de preferência por carreira e semestre de acesso ao curso. Verificaram-se, também, associações significantes entre escores do QVC e medidas de autoconfiança, intenção de aprender, rendimento cognitivo e atividade de monitoria em quatro semestres seguidos. Testes do Modelo Linear Geral revelaram quatro fatores independentes principais na explicação da variabilidade do escore do QVC: intenção de aprender, autoconfiança, preferência por carreira e semestre de acesso. A discussão examina os achados em conexão com noções de contexto interno do aprendiz e ambiência educacional. Concluindo, as respostas ao QVC refletem a perspectiva de valoração do aprendizado pessoal na interação com as dimensões do contexto educacional. O instrumento tem, assim, utilidade no acompanhamento pedagógico da iniciação profissional.


The purpose of this study was to appraise how medical students perceive their first-year experiences in the medical course using an adapted version of the Course Valuing Inventory (CVI), and to analyse the relationships between the CVI scores and the students' individual attributes and academic achievements. The study involved 609 students and covered a period of ten years. The results showed relative stability of CVI scores in consecutive classes and significant differences among students when grouped by sex, place of birth, career choice, and term of enrolment in the program. Other findings were the significant relationships between CVI score and self-confidence, willingness to learn and cognitive achievement, and peer tutoring activity during four consecutive terms. GLM tests (between subjects and effects) identified four principal independent factors to explain the CVI-score variability: willingness to learn, self-confidence, career choice and term of enrolment. The discussion appraises the findings in relation to concepts of the students, internal context and educational context. In conclusion, CVI responses reflect a perspective of valuing personal learning in interaction with dimensions of the educational context. Accordingly, this tool can be considered useful for the pedagogical supervision of medical students' professional initiation.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Educational Measurement , Learning , Students, Medical
8.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 32(1): 56-65, jan.-mar. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-485350

ABSTRACT

O propósito do estudo foi analisar a variabilidade da autodeterminação da motivação em função dos motivos de escolha de medicina e fatores da aprendizagem, e seus efeitos na intenção dos alunos de prosseguir no curso. Aplicou-se a Escala de Motivação Acadêmica ao total de 450 alunos em seis anos, apurando-se também os fatores da escolha e as medidas da orientação e autoconfiança e do rendimento na aprendizagem. Os resultados mostraram correlações positivas e significantes entre autodeterminação da motivação e valoração do aprendizado realizado, orientação significativa na aprendizagem, autoconfiança como aprendiz e rendimento cognitivo, bem como altruísmo e busca de desafio nos motivos de escolha de medicina. Análise de regressão revelou que fatores pessoais e contextuais, incluindo motivos de escolha, explicavam 42 por cento da variabilidade de autodeterminação da motivação. Outra análise demonstrou que autodeterminação da motivação, intenção de aprender e valoração do aprendizado explicavam a parte maior da variabilidade na intenção de prosseguir no curso. Os achados sugerem a ocorrência de inter-relações significativas entre fatores pessoais e contextuais na determinação de autodeterminação da motivação e da intenção de adesão ao curso, após o primeiro ano de estudos.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the variability of self-determined motivation as refers to the reasons for choosing medicine and with respect to factors related to the learning process and their effect on the students' motivation to pursue the studies. The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) was applied to 450 students over 6 years. The reasons underlying the choice were assessed and the value attributed to the course, learning orientation, self-confidence and learning outcome were measured. The results of the analyses indicate significant and positive correlations between self-determined motivation and course valuing, meaningful orientation, self-confidence, and first-year GPA, as well as altruism and looking for challenges as reasons for choosing medicine. Regression analysis revealed that contextual and personal variables, including choice reasons, explained 42 percent of the variability of self-determined motivation. Further analysis showed that self-determined motivation, the intention to learn, and course valuing explained the greater part of variability in the intention to pursue the studies. In conclusion, the findings suggest meaningful correlations between contextual and personal factors in shaping self-determination and motivation and the intention to pursue the studies after the first year of the medical course.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical , Educational Measurement , Intention , Learning , Motivation , Students, Medical
9.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 30(3): 181-191, set.-dez. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-452916

ABSTRACT

O propósito deste estudo retrospectivo foi avaliar o impacto do processo de avaliação seriada, em comparação com exame vestibular, em termos de efeitos no perfil de atributos e de progresso acadêmico de alunos da Universidade de Brasília. Os sujeitos foram 415 alunos (57,8 por cento masculinos) registrados no Curso de Medicina após aprovação para ingresso mediante avaliação seriada, ou exame vestibular no primeiro ou segundo semestre, ao longo de seis anos (1999-2004). Foram comparados, entre os grupos de ingresso, os indicadores demográficos, de atitudes em face do aprendizado e de rendimento cognitivo no curso. Os resultados mostraram proporções significantemente maiores de alunos naturais do Distrito Federal e da faixa etária mais jovem no grupo da avaliação seriada. O índice de rendimento acadêmico manteve-se significativamente mais elevado nesse grupo desde o segundo ao nono período do curso. Análises estatísticas indicam que tal efeito reflete, além da forma e do ano de ingresso, outras diferenças nas características dos alunos, tais como sexo, idade e valoração do aprendizado. Os achados sugerem que a avaliação seriada privilegiou a aptidão acadêmica quanto ao rendimento cognitivo e alterou tendências na composição demográfica do alunado com efeitos no próprio rendimento estudantil.


The purpose of this retrospective study was to appraise the impact of a new admission process (serialevaluation) on the attributes and achievement patterns of medical students in comparison to the standing onetime admission test. The subjects were 415 students (57,8 percent males) enrolled in the medical program of the Universit y of Brasilia, admitted through serial evaluation or admission test in the course of six years (1999-2004). The admission groups were compared as refers to demographic data, learning attitudes and academic achievement indicators. The results showed significantly higher proportions of students born in the Federal District and of a younger age-bracket in the serial evaluation group than in comparison to the admission test group. Academic achievement was also significantly higher in this group, from the second to the ninth semester. Statistical analyses indicate that besides the year and the criteria of admission the effect on academic achievement reflected other differences such as sex, age and self-appraisal of learning outcomes in the features of the students. These findings suggest that the new admission process has favored academic aptitude in terms of cognitive achievement. It also seems to have modified the demographic composition of the student body with effects on academic achievement in itself.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical , Educational Measurement , Learning , Students, Medical
10.
Med Educ ; 40(6): 522-9, 2006 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16700767

ABSTRACT

AIM: To examine the differential impact of person-based and programme-related features on graduates' dichotomous choice between surgical or non-surgical field specialties for first-year residency. METHODS: A 10-year cohort study was conducted, following 578 students (55.4% male) who graduated from a university medical school during 1994-2003. Data were collected as follows: at the beginning of medical studies, on career preference and learning frame; during medical studies, on academic achievement, cross-year peer tutoring and selective clinical traineeship, and at graduation, on the first-year residency selected. Contingency and logistic regression analyses were performed, with graduates grouped by the dichotomous choice of surgery or not. RESULTS: Overall, 23% of graduates selected a first-year residency in surgery. Seven time-steady features related to this choice: male sex, high self-confidence, option of surgery at admission, active learning style, preference for surgery after Year 1, peer tutoring on clinical surgery, and selective training in clinical surgery. Logistic regression analysis, including all features, predicted 87.1% of the graduates' choices. Male sex, updated preference, peer tutoring and selective training were the most significant predictors in the pathway to choice. DISCUSSION: The relative roles of person-based and programme-related factors in the choice process are discussed. The findings suggest that for most students the choice of surgery derives from a temporal summation of influences that encompass entry and post-entry factors blended in variable patterns. It is likely that sex-unbiased peer tutoring and selective training supported the students' search process for personal compatibility with specialty-related domains of content and process.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Career Choice , General Surgery/education , Internship and Residency , Students, Medical/psychology , Humans , Male , Problem-Based Learning , Schools, Medical
11.
Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract ; 10(4): 303-14, 2005 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16362619

ABSTRACT

The aims of this paper are to examine the measurement properties of the Reflection-in-Learning Scale (RLS) and to identify whether there are relationships between RLS scores early in the medical program and outcomes of the students' academic activity later on. The 14-item RLS was administered to second-year students (N = 275) at start and at end of the third semester, after the students had reviewed their previous learning experience with the Course Valuing Inventory. The internal consistency, temporal stability and dimensionality of the RLS scores were investigated in relation to the start-end perspectives. Furthermore, a 2-year follow-up allowed the assessment of the relationships of third-term RLS scores with sixth-term measures of both academic achievement and diagnostic reasoning as appraised by the Diagnostic Thinking Inventory (DTI). Findings indicate that RLS data have acceptable unidimensionality and consistency of measurement, notwithstanding a significant individual-context interaction. Repeated measures revealed distinct patterns of RLS scores relating to perceived self-efficacy on the ability to reflect. Third-term RLS scores were significant, albeit weak, predictors of sixth-term cognitive achievement and DTI-related diagnostic reasoning ability. In conclusion, the results do not support a major explanatory role for RLS on knowledge representation. Nevertheless, the findings appear to substantiate the construct validity of this tool as an index of the students' frame of mind as regards reflective learning. They suggest that the RLS captures a self-regulation or cognitive housekeeping dimension of the students' reflective learning. The individual pattern of such (reflective) activity is likely to vary with specific learning conditions.


Subject(s)
Educational Measurement , Learning , Students, Medical/psychology , Thinking , Adolescent , Adult , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Female , Humans , Male
12.
Med Educ ; 38(9): 950-7, 2004 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15327676

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To describe the patterns of medical students' motivation early in the undergraduate programme and to examine their relationships with learning features and motivational outcomes. METHODS: The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) was administered after the first medical year to 297 students of both sexes from consecutive classes within a 4-year timeframe. Measures of learner orientation and reflection in learning were also obtained. Academic achievement and peer tutoring experience were recorded during a 2-year follow-up. Quantitative approaches included analysis of variance, correlational and classificatory analyses of the data. RESULTS: The profile of the students' responses revealed higher levels of autonomous motivation than of controlled motivation although such measures were positively related. Correlation analysis showed significant association of autonomous motivation with higher levels of meaning orientation, reflection in learning, academic achievement, cross-year peer-tutoring experience, and intention to continue with studies. Classificatory analysis identified 4 student groups with distinct patterns of motivation. Analysis of variance revealed significant and consistent differences in learning features and outcomes among such groups. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that medical students portray distinct patterns of autonomous and controlled motivation that seem to relate to the learners' frame of mind towards learning as well as the educational environment. Autonomous motivation had closer relationships than controlled motivation with measures of self-regulation of learning and academic success in the context of a demanding medical programme.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Undergraduate/standards , Motivation , Students, Medical/psychology , Achievement , Adolescent , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Attitude of Health Personnel , Educational Measurement/standards , Female , Humans , Learning , Male
13.
Med Teach ; 26(3): 234-8, 2004 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15203500

ABSTRACT

The aims of this paper were: to appraise how medical students perceive the meaning and value of their first-year experiences in medical studies, as measured by the Course Valuing Inventory (CVI); and to identify the relationships between the CVI responses and the learners' attributes and expectations. The study involved 282 second-year students of a six-year medical programme over a four-year timeframe. Factor analysis identified five dimensions of CVI responses: worthiness of learning experience, emotional awareness, personal development, cognitive enhancement and task drive. Higher CVI scores related positively and significantly to female gender, stronger self-confidence as a learner, greater motivation to learn, meaning orientation and reflection in learning. The CVI score was the strongest independent predictor of intention to continue the studies as a motivational consequence of first-year learning experience. In addition, a separate test showed significant relationships between the dimensions of CVI responses and the DREEM score (Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure). In conclusion, CVI responses that are more positive are likely to be associated with a quest for meaning, reflection in learning and autonomous motivation, given the relevance of the educational environment for the proximal interests of the students.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Learning , Students, Medical/psychology , Analysis of Variance , Educational Measurement , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Female , Humans , Male , Self-Evaluation Programs
14.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 28(1): 7-15, jan.-abr. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-383924

ABSTRACT

O propósito deste estudo foi analisar o espectro dos alunos de medicina da Universidade de Brasília ao Inventário de Raciocínio Diagnóstico (IRD). O inventário foi aplicado na fase de iniciação clínica a 677 alunos de ambos os sexos, no decorrer de 11 anos. Foram utilizados procedimentos estatísticos para identificar conjuntos de itens interrelacionados e grupos com respostas similares, bem como diferenças entre grupos e suas relações com atributos distintos. Os resultados das análises revelaram seis dimensões relevantes do IRD, denominadas: procedimento diligente, apreensão fácil, flexibilidade de concepção, verificação comparativa, abstração de siginificado e percepção de incerteza. Seis grupos de classificação foram identificados pelo espectro de variação das dimensões. Os valores dos índices de IRD e as respectivas afiliações dos alunos aos grupos se relacionaram com a época de inserção no estudo, o gradiente de rendimento cognitivo na iniciação clínica, o nível de eficácia percebida e a frequência de atividade de monitoria nos dois semestres seguintes à aplicação do IRD. Em conclusão, os estudantes diferem nas percepções, do processo diagnóstico, inclusas no IRD e as percepções configuradas têm relações significativas com o progresso e as opções na aprendizagem.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Medical , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures
15.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 27(3): 184-190, set.-dez. 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-384908

ABSTRACT

O propósito do estudo foi examinar a configuração de escolha do estágio seletivo no internato do curso de Medicina da Universidade de Brasília, considerando fatores antecedentes à experiência clínica ou dela decorrentes. A população-alvo constituiu-se dos 511 graduandos (55,6 por cento masculinos)de turmas consecutivas num período de nove anos (1994-2000). Os dados foram obtidos ao término do primeiro e do sexto ano e analisados por vários procedimentos estatíticos. Os resultados mostraram diferenças marcantes na distribuição dos internos entre as cinco áreas de opção: clínica cirúrgica, clínica médica, pediatria, ginecologia-obstetrícia e medicina comunitária. Foram observadas associações significativas entre opção seletiva e sexo, estilo de aprendizagem, preferência inicial, desempenho acadêmico e experiência de monitoria. Análises de regressão logística mostraram padrões explanatórios peculiares a cada opção. O estudo, em conclusão, revelou diferenças siginificativas na opção do estágio seletivo, que foram associadas a distintos fatores preditivos. Essas diferenças podem refletir aspectos da busca de compatibilidade pessoal, incluindo elementos vivenciais e expectativas sobre o trabalho profissional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Schools, Medical , Internship and Residency , Learning
16.
Psicol. teor. pesqui ; 19(1): 25-31, jan.-abr. 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-35259

ABSTRACT

O propósito do estudo foi analisar características da motivação de estudantes de medicina e sua relação com fatores acadêmicos no início do curso, pondo à prova uma versão da Escala de Motivação Acadêmica (EMA). O instrumento foi aplicado a 269 sujeitos de ambos os sexos, sendo reaplicada em 25 por cento após um ano. Foram obtidas medidas subjetivas e objetivas do aprendizado, representando fatores motivacionais. Procedimentos estatísticos foram efetuados para configurar a validade interna e externa, incluindo análises de correlação entre componentes da EMA e as medidas seletivas. Os achados revelaram níveis satisfatórios de consistência interna, estabilidade temporal moderada e matriz de correlação das subescalas geralmente consistente. O perfil de respostas mostrou predominância de motivação autônoma e variação sexual. As correlações entre componentes da EMA e antecedentes e conseqüências motivacionais revelaram espectro de motivação compatível com influências individuais e contextuais. Os resultados dão suporte à validade do instrumento e ao seu uso no estudo de motivação universitária (AU)


Subject(s)
Motivation , Learning , Students, Medical
17.
Psicol. teor. pesqui ; 19(1): 25-31, jan.-abr. 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-347178

ABSTRACT

O propósito do estudo foi analisar características da motivaçäo de estudantes de medicina e sua relaçäo com fatores acadêmicos no início do curso, pondo à prova uma versäo da Escala de Motivaçäo Acadêmica (EMA). O instrumento foi aplicado a 269 sujeitos de ambos os sexos, sendo reaplicada em 25 por cento após um ano. Foram obtidas medidas subjetivas e objetivas do aprendizado, representando fatores motivacionais. Procedimentos estatísticos foram efetuados para configurar a validade interna e externa, incluindo análises de correlaçäo entre componentes da EMA e as medidas seletivas. Os achados revelaram níveis satisfatórios de consistência interna, estabilidade temporal moderada e matriz de correlaçäo das subescalas geralmente consistente. O perfil de respostas mostrou predominância de motivaçäo autônoma e variaçäo sexual. As correlaçöes entre componentes da EMA e antecedentes e conseqüências motivacionais revelaram espectro de motivaçäo compatível com influências individuais e contextuais. Os resultados däo suporte à validade do instrumento e ao seu uso no estudo de motivaçäo universitária


Subject(s)
Learning , Motivation , Students, Medical
18.
Med Educ ; 36(11): 1064-70, 2002 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12406267

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To examine the features of cross-year peer tutoring and to explore their relationships to learners' characteristics and educational outcomes from the student-tutor perspective. METHOD: The records of 447 final year medical students were examined to provide data on the starting terms, frequency and course targets of peer tutoring activity of student tutors. The relationships of these features with their learners' characteristics, academic achievements and selective clerkship pathways were analysed. SETTING: The medical education programme at the University of Brasilia, Brazil. RESULTS: Analysis showed that about 96% of all graduates had acted as student tutors at some time during the programme, with great variation in starting terms, numbers and types of courses tutored. The average number of tutored courses per tutor was four. Frequency and variety of tutored courses were significantly related to achievement, learning style and gender. Higher achievers acted as student tutors for many terms and explored different subjects, and there is evidence that the experience expanded their academic expertise. Specific tutoring in a clinical course also related to strength of early career preference. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the number of terms of tutoring undertaken in a clinical course and the proportion of students choosing selective clerkship training in the same area by the end of programme. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that acting as a peer tutor can be an appealing and constructive educational opportunity to further students' academic development. Enhanced expertise seems to relate to the accumulation and breadth of tutoring experience. Moreover, clinical tutoring may help students in making decisions regarding choice of career.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Undergraduate/standards , Peer Group , Teaching/methods , Adult , Brazil , Career Choice , Clinical Clerkship/methods , Curriculum , Female , Humans , Male
19.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 26(1): 39-46, jan.-abr. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279827

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Este trabalho averigua os padrões de influência de uma variedade de fatores na escolha da área de atuação profissional por decentes de um curso de Medicina. Um questionário com 25 itens foi preenchido por 95 docentes médicos. Diversos tipos de análise estatística foram efetuados para caracterizar os atributos do instrumento e os padrões de diferença nas respostas. Os resultados mostram consciência interna e variação de influências nas respostas ao questionário. Cinco dimensões de influência foram identificadas: altruísmo e visão social, modelo de orientação, curiosidade intelectual, compatibilidade pessoal e conveniência prática. Os participantes revelaram, em conjunto, nível positivo de múltiplos aspectos de influência, mais forte para itens de curiosidade intelectual e de compatibilidade pessoal. Subgrupos com níveis de influência distintos foram identificados, especialmente em função de percepções de altruísmo e visão social e de modelo de orientação. Os padrões de respostas docente relacionam-se com vinculo à disciplina clínica, mas não com gênero, tempo de experiência ou graduação na própria escola. Os achados sugerem a utilidade do questionário na diferenciação de padrões de respostas associados ao sentido da escolha da carreira e ao perfil de orientação da escola médica.


Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze career choices patterns among medical school faculty; A group of 95 physician-teachers from this school answered a 25-item questionnaire. Several statistical procedures were used to define the instrument´s properties and the subjects´ response. Five dimensions of influence were identified: altruism and social outlook, role model, intellectual curiosity, personal fit, and practical convenience. Altogether the subjects showed a moderate multi-item level of positive influence that was stronger for intellectual-curiosity and personal-fit items. Subgroups with distinct levels of influence were identified especially regarding the dimensions of altruism and orientation model. The subjects´ response patterns were related to affiliation with clinical specialty but not to gender, teaching experience, or graduation from the same school. In conclusion, the questionnaire appears to be a useful tool for differentiating the response patterns associated with career choice and the school´s mentoring profile.

20.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 26(1): 5-12, jan.-abr. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279829

ABSTRACT

Resumo: O propósito deste trabalho foi averiguar o perfil de reflexão na aprendizagem dos alunos do curso de medicina da Universidade de Brasília e descobrir suas relações com características dos aprendizes e do contexto do curso. O estudo envolveu 226 participantes, representando o alunado do curso, que responderam ao questionário Escala de Reflexão na Aprendizagem (ERA) em inquérito transversal. Os resultados mostram associações positivas e significantes entre a ERA e os índices de auto regulação, motivação para aprender, autoconfiança como aprendiz e valorização dos desfechos de aprendizado. Uma análise de regressão múltipla identificou cinco fatores de predição da pontuação da ERA: nível de auto regulação, valorização de desfechos do aprendizado, semestre de ingresso, etapa no curso e motivação para aprender. Participantes com disposição mais robusta para reflexão revelaram níveis significativamente mais elevados de rendimento acadêmico. Os achados realçam algumas condições de variação da disposição para reflexão em conexão com seus determinantes e efeitos no contexto da formação profissional.


Abstract: The purpose of this work was to appraise the students´ patterns of reflection-in-learning in a medical school and to find their relationships to measures of the learners´ characteristics and context. The cross-sectional inquiry involved 226 students representative of the target population, who completed the Scale of Reflection in Learning (RLS). The relationship between the students´ RLS score were identified by multiple regression analysis; level of self-regulation, course-outcome valuing, admission term, stage in the medical program and motivation to learn. Students showing enhanced reflection in learning revealed higher levels of academic achievement. In conclusion, the findings highlight some conditions for variation of the reflection -in-learning drive among medical students and suggest a useful role for the RLS tool in appraising the learners´ reflection patterns in relation to their causes and effects within the context of professional training.

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