ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Few empirical studies have been conducted on the continuity of rehabilitation services, despite the fact that it may affect clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, the perception of quality, and safety. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore experiences and perceptions of inpatients receiving physical rehabilitation in an acute care hospital and how these experiences may have led to perceived gaps in the continuity of rehabilitation care. METHOD: Using qualitative research methods, fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients who received physical rehabilitation during hospital stay in an acute care hospital in Murcia, Spain. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, analyzed, and grouped into predetermined and emergent codes. RESULTS: Patients described three main themes in continuity of care: informational, management, and relational continuity. Several factors were described as influencing the perceived gaps in these three types of continuity. Informational continuity was influenced by the transfer of information among care providers. Relational continuity was influenced by patient-therapist relations and consistency on the part of the provider. Management continuity was influenced by consistency of care between providers and the involvement of patients in their own care. CONCLUSION: The participants in this study identified several gaps in three types of continuity of care (informational, management, and relational). Inpatients often perceive their experiences of rehabilitation as being disconnected or incoherent over time.
Subject(s)
Continuity of Patient Care , Managed Care Programs/standards , Rehabilitation/methods , Humans , Inpatients , Patient SatisfactionABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the quality of patients' continuity experiences in a population of outpatients receiving postacute rehabilitation care, and to check which elements and types of continuity most strongly determine their satisfaction with care and functional changes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional self-report survey. SETTING: Three postacute ambulatory centers in metropolitan areas. PARTICIPANTS: Outpatients (N=218; mean age ± SD, 38.5±11.7y). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The questionnaire included experiences regarding aspects of informational (transference of information, accumulated knowledge), management (consistency and flexibility of care), and relational (established relation and consistency of provider) continuity, as well as questions concerning patients' sociodemographic characteristics, satisfaction with care, and global rating change. RESULTS: Respondents indicated more problems in terms of management and relational continuity than in informational continuity. For all patient groups, experiences regarding elements of management continuity (R(2)=15.3%-22.4%), followed by relational continuity (R(2)=14.3%-25.2%), explained most of the variance of satisfaction. Consistency and flexibility of care, together with an established relation, were the most determining elements of satisfaction. Experiences regarding elements of management continuity explained most of the variance of change (18.5%), and flexibility was the most decisive element. CONCLUSIONS: Patient satisfaction and functional changes are related with experiences in aspects of management continuity, where there is room for improvement. Measures of management continuity may be promising as indicators of continuity, and they should be prioritized.
Subject(s)
Continuity of Patient Care/organization & administration , Continuity of Patient Care/standards , Rehabilitation/organization & administration , Rehabilitation/standards , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Satisfaction , Quality of Health Care , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore ambulatory outpatient experiences and perceptions in post-acute care settings and how these experiences may have led to perceived gaps in continuity of rehabilitation care. SUBJECTS: Fifty-seven adults undergoing outpatient rehabilitation for musculoskeletal conditions/injuries, who had had more than 10 physiotherapy treatment sessions. METHODS: Qualitative study using a modified grounded theory approach. Data collection was carried out through 9 focus groups. Each group was recorded, transcribed literally and analyzed thematically. RESULTS: Participants described 3 main themes in continuity; relational, informational, and management continuity. Several factors that led to gaps in the 3 types of continuity were described. The relevant factors for relational continuity were: consistency of the multi-professional rehabilitation team; and an established provider-patient relationship. Factors for informational continuity were: transfer of information among providers; and accumulated knowledge regarding patients' disability experiences. Factors for management continuity included: consistency of care among rehabilitation providers; flexibility of the team in adapting care to functional changes; and involvement of the team in achieving patient collaboration. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence of gaps in different types of continuity of care within the post-acute rehabilitation services in ambulatory settings. Outpatients often perceive their experiences of rehabilitation care as non-connected or non-coherent over time.
Subject(s)
Continuity of Patient Care , Musculoskeletal Diseases/rehabilitation , Wounds and Injuries/rehabilitation , Adult , Ambulatory Care , Female , Focus Groups , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Outpatients , Patient Satisfaction , Physical Therapy Modalities , Professional-Patient Relations , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Falls in the elderly are a serious problem that results in large health care expenditures. To prevent them, it has been shown that the key is an epidemiologic knowledge of the target population. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the incidence, risk factors and consequences of falls in the Spanish population, by analyzing the methodological quality of studies that provide these data. Two independent authors identified 54 studies through manual and electronic means (MEDLINE, Dialnet, Tesis en Red, TESEO y CSIC [ICYT, IME, ISOC]). A total of 13 studies performed in Spain with non-hospitalized elderly individuals older than 64 years of age were selected and assessed for their methodological quality. We found heterogeneity in the characteristics and quality of the studies, and a general inadequacy of data analyses. The risk factors and consequences must be viewed with caution, since in most of the studies a causal inference cannot be made. We showed that the current fall rates are at the same level as those of the first epidemiologic study published 15 years ago. We conclude that Spain has a high incidence of falls and needs studies on risk factors directed toward cause and effect in the community and comparisons among nursing homes. Finally, the physical, psychosocial and economic consequences must be investigated more thoroughly.
Subject(s)
Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Health Status , Aged , Humans , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Las caídas representan un importante problema de salud para las personas mayores y repercuten en costes elevados. Para prevenirlas se ha demostrado que es clave el conocimiento epidemiológico de la población diana. Esta revisión sistemática tiene como objetivo identificar la incidencia, los factores de riesgo y las consecuencias de las caídas en la población española, analizando la calidad metodológica de los estudios que aportan estos datos. Dos personas identificaron 54 estudios mediante búsqueda manual y electrónica (MEDLINE, Dialnet, Tesis en Red, TESEO y CSIC [ICYT, IME, ISOC]). Se seleccionaron 13 estudios realizados en España con personas no hospitalizadas mayores de 64 años, y se valoró su calidad metodológica. Se aprecia heterogeneidad en las características y calidad de los estudios, siendo en general los análisis de los datos insuficientes. Los factores de riesgo y las consecuencias deben ser vistos con precaución, pues en la mayoría de los estudios no es posible hacer inferencia causal. Se identifica que los índices de caídas actuales se encuentran en el mismo nivel del primer estudio epidemiológico publicado hace 15 años. Se concluye que en España la incidencia de caídas es elevada, precisándose estudios sobre factores de riesgo con dirección causa efecto en la comunidad y comparaciones entre residencias de ancianos. Finalmente, las consecuencias físicas, psicosociales y económicas, deben ser investigadas con más profundidad (AU)
Falls in the elderly are a serious problem that results in large health care expenditures. To prevent them, it has been shown that the key is an epidemiologic knowledge of the target population. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the incidence, risk factors and consequences of falls in the Spanish population, by analyzing the methodological quality of studies that provide these data. Two independent authors identified 54 studies through manual and electronic means (MEDLINE, Dialnet, Tesis en Red, TESEO y CSIC [ICYT, IME, ISOC]). A total of 13 studies performed in Spain with non-hospitalized elderly individuals older than 64 years of age were selected and assessed for their methodological quality. We found heterogeneity in the characteristics and quality of the studies, and a general inadequacy of data analyses. The risk factors and consequences must be viewed with caution, since in most of the studies a causal inference cannot be made. We showed that the current fall rates are at the same level as those of the first epidemiologic study published 15 years ago. We conclude that Spain has a high incidence of falls and needs studies on risk factors directed toward cause and effect in the community and comparisons among nursing homes. Finally, the physical, psychosocial and economic consequences must be investigated more thoroughly (AU)
