Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cefotetan/therapeutic use , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Elective Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/classification , Humans , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & controlABSTRACT
The hypothesis that the pharmacokinetics of amikacin are more predictable than those of gentamicin or tobramycin was studied. In a three-way crossover design 58 volunteers received 7.5 mg/kg amikacin by iv infusion and either 1.5 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg gentamicin and tobramycin. The mean half-life and mean serum concentration at 1 h for each drug was determined. No consistent significant difference was found between the pharmacokinetics of amikacin and the other two drugs.
Subject(s)
Amikacin/metabolism , Gentamicins/metabolism , Kanamycin/analogs & derivatives , Tobramycin/metabolism , Bacteria/drug effects , Half-Life , Humans , Kinetics , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
An equation for predicting endogenous creatinine clearance (CrCl) in adults and children (with both stable and unstable renal function) from serum creatinine concentration is presented. The predictions are compared with four other available estimating methods, bases on values in 110 subjects with renal impairment of widely differing degrees. In patients with stable and with unstable renal function the corelaion between measured and predicted CrCl was better with the new equation. In patients with rapid changing renal function the new equation resulted in accurate predictions CrCl within a few hours after the change, as opposed to several with the other methods. The elimination rate constant of the aminoglycoside antibiotic amikacin correlated more precisely with CrCl values estimated from the new equation that with those measured doing 24 hr or with the other prediction methods.
