[Association of gene polymorphisms DRD3 rs6280, COMT rs4680 and HTR2A rs7322347 with schizophrenia]. / Assotsiatsiya geneticheskikh polimorfizmov rs6280 gena DRD3, rs4680 gena COMT, rs7322347 gena HTR2A s shizofreniei.

OBJECTIVE: To check the association of genetic polymorphisms rs6280 of the DRD3 gene, rs4680 of the COMT gene, rs7322347 of the HTR2A gene with schizophrenia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample included 300 inpatients with paranoid schizophrenia. Inclusion criteria: age 18-50 years, established diagnosis «Schizophrenia, paranoid form¼, duration of psychiatric disorders not less than 5 years. The healthy control group consisted of 290 subjects. The association between polymorphisms and the study groups was assessed by logistic regression. RESULTS: The CC genotype of the rs6280 polymorphism is associated with schizophrenia (OR 3.37 (1.50; 8.03)). The TT genotype of the rs7322347 polymorphism is associated with controls (OR 1.83 (1.25; 2.68)). CONCLUSION: These analyses confirmed the hypothesis that the genetic polymorphisms rs7322347 of the HTR2A gene (p=0.006) and rs6280 of the DRD3 gene (p=0.004) were associated with the disease. The hypothesis of an association of the rs4680 polymorphism of the COMT gene could not be confirmed.

[The relationship of psychosocial well-being of patients with schizophrenia with clinical, socio-demographic and neurocognitive characteristics]. / Svyaz' psikhosotsial'nogo blagopoluchiya bol'nykh shizofreniei s klinicheskimi, sotsial'no-demograficheskimi i neirokognitivnymi kharakteristikami.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the indicators of quality of life (QOL) and social functioning (SF) of patients with schizophrenia with clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, indicators of cognitive functions and the severity of disease symptoms, using mathematical modeling methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 300 patients with paranoid schizophrenia (aged 18-50 years, disease duration at least 5 years; total PANSS score <120). Clinical-psychopathological, psychometric and mathematical methods were used. A mathematical model based on the construct developed by the authors called the «Disease Burden Factor¼ (Factor «B¼) was utilized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Statistically significant correlations of factor "B" with age, the time of disease onset, seeking psychiatric help and diagnosis, the length of hospital admissions in the past 12 months and PANSS and BACS scores were established. Factor «B¼ clusters of «prosperous¼ and «dysfunctional¼ patients, significantly differing in the frequency of exacerbations of the disease, its total duration, and indicators of QOL-SM, PSP, PANSS, BACS, were distinguished. The conclusion about the reliability and sensitivity of a new toolbox - Factor «B¼ for exploring the mutual influence of heterogeneous factors affecting the trajectory of patients with schizophrenia was made.

[Psychosocial characteristics of elderly people who have committed suicide attempts poisoning].

The aim of this study is to identify psychosocial characteristics of older people who attempted suicide by self-poisoning. A total of 44 older people with suicide attempts by self-poisoning was examined, 12 of whom were male and 32 were female, their average age was 71,9+10,8. The comparison group consisted of 53 young people - 19 males and 34 females, their average age was 26,6+4,4. In both groups dominated deliberate self-poisoning with antiepileptic, sedative, soporific, Antiparkinson and psychotropic drugs (40,9 % vs 47,2 %, p>0,05). Amongst older people number of those who engaged in deliberate self-poisoning with drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system (25 % vs 9,4 %, p<0,05) was significantly higher. Compared with younger adults, older adults are more likely to commit a suicide attempt with serious intentions to complete suicide (62,5 % vs 24,5 %, p<0,05). There is a positive statistically significant correlation between the factor of «suicide attempt with serious intentions¼ and factors «loneliness¼ (Y=0,68), «severe physical illness¼ (Y=0,58) and «constant pain¼ (Y=0, 60).

[MULTI-LEVEL EVALUATION OF BIOSOCIAL RISK FACTORS OF HIV-INFECTION AMONG MIGRANT WORKERS].

AIM: Multi-level evaluation by case-control method of social, sociocultural and behavioural risk factors of HIV-infection spread among male migrant workers arriving to Russia from near abroad countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Interviews of migrants, that had appealed for medical examination for work permit, were carried out for detection of risk factors. Results of interviewing of 191 migrants with HIV-infection (case group) and 190 migrants without HIV-infection (control group) were analyzed. Methods of descriptive statistics and logistical regression were used for the analysis. RESULTS: Factors, related to dangerous sexual behavior, were leading in development of HIV-infection. Furthermore, HIV-infected migrants had inferior work and accommodation conditions, lower salary, lower subjective health evaluation, became object of xenophobia more frequently and had more previous travels into the receiving country. Factors, that reduce risk of infection and spread of HIV-infection, were detected: HIV-infection awareness, adherence to religion and legal requirements of the receiving country. Advantages and disadvantages of survey- ing during detection of HIV-infection risk factors are discussed. CONCLUSION: The same risk factors of HIV-infection spread are significant in the population of migrant workers as in the indigenous population. Factors specific for migrants, that facilitate infection spread, were also established. HIV prophylaxis system among migrants should be based on prevention and correction of risk factors detected in the study and enhancement of factors, that cause preventive effect.

[Indicators of treatment of schizophrenia in different stages of psychiatric care]. / Pokazateli lecheniia shizofrenii na raznykh étapakh psikhiatricheskoi pomoshchi.

Objective. To study indicators of treatment of schizophrenia in different stages of psychiatric care, to reveal prognostic factors of the dynamics of psychopathological symptoms in treatment of schizophrenia and to estimate the risk of schizophrenia relapse. Material and methods. Three hundreds of patients, aged 18-65 years, diagnosed with schizophrenia (ICD-10) were included in data analysis. Patients were stratified into 4 groups by the type of psychiatric care: inpatients (n=68), outpatients of day hospital (n=71), outpatients of psychoneurological dispensary rehabilitation department (n=75) and outpatients supervised by psychoneurological dispensary local doctor. Treatment characteristics (use of 1st and 2nd generation antipsychotics) of these groups were compared. Results and conclusion. The positive effect of modern antipsychotics on schizophrenia course, frequency of relapses and hospitalizations was identified. The results can help in improvement of psychiatric care due to wide implementation of 2nd generation antipsychotics.

[Principal indications and contraindications of the use of extracorporeal hemocorrection in psychiatry]. / Osnovnye pokazaniia i protivopokazaniia k ispol'zovaniiu metodov ékstrakorporal'noi gemokorrektsii v psikhiatrii.

Analysis of different aspects of application of extracorporeal hemocorrection (EH) in psychiatric practice allows to make a conclusion about the necessity of a differential approach to the use of isolated and combined procedures. The latter were assessed by the results of combined treatment of 226 patients. Indications and contra-indications for EH use in psychiatric practice are outlined.

[Extracorporeal blood correction in the therapy of drug-resistant mental disorders]. / Ekstrakorporal'naia gemokorrektsiia v terapii farmakorezistentnykh psikhicheskikh rasstroistv.

544 patients resistant to pharmacotherapy were treated by different methods of extracorporal hemocorrection (EH). Positive changes in mental state were achieved in more than half of the patients by means of EH without any psychopharmacologic drugs. These changes were caused by antipsychotic and antidepressive effects of EH as well as by its ability to normalize biochemical, immunological and rheological blood indices

[A clinical-experimental study of narcotic properties of opiate receptor agonists-antagonists and experience in their use in drug addiction practice]. / Kliniko-éksperimental'noe issledovanie narkogennykh svoistv agonistov-antagonistov opiatnykh retseptorov i opyt ikh primeneniia v narkologicheskoi praktike.

Narcogenic characteristics of opiate agonists-antagonists were studied in drug abusers. It is shown that buprenorphine, butorphanol, nalbuphine hydrochloride, but not tramadol, have high narcogenic potential. Opportunities for these drugs in narcological practice are outlined.