Pulse selection chart for brain MR imaging sequences.

A chart for organizing, teaching, and recording the magnetic resonance (MR) pulse sequences used for brain and cervical spine imaging is described. The chart helps document workable sequences and facilitates comparisons between different sequences. It has also been helpful in instructing residents and fellows how to approach an MR examination logically.

Chemical shift misregistration effect in magnetic resonance imaging.

A low intensity artifact appearing at the junction of perirenal fat and renal parenchyma on MR images was recently described. A symmetrical high intensity artifact is also observable on the opposite side of the kidneys as well as at the junction of the right lobe of the liver and adjacent adipose tissue. Both artifacts can be explained as exhibitions of pixel misregistration due to the difference in chemical shifts of fatty and non-fatty organs. Identification of the chemical shift misregistration effect is important since the existence of this artifact may cause erroneous diagnosis of calcification and/or fluid collections.