[The Association of Gene Polymorphisms of Matrix Metalloproteinases (-9, -12 and -20) and Collagen Type I Degradation Products With the Remodeling of the Left Ventricle in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction].

OBJECTIVE: to study associations of polymorphism of the genes MMP9 rs17576, MMP12 rs2276109, MMP20 rs2245803, COL1A1 rs1800012, COL1A1 rs1107946 with remodeling of the left ventricle in patients with acute myocardial infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 84 patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Type of early postinfarction left ventricular (LV) remodeling was determined by echocardiography on the third day of the disease. Concentration of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) was measured by enzyme immunoassay using commercial kits; content of C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I degradation products (ICTP) was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Polymorphisms of the genes MMP9 rs17576, MMP12 rs2276109, MMP20 rs2245803, COL1A1 rs1800012 and rs1107946 were identified by PCR using primers. Statistical analysis was performed using the language R (http://cran.r-project.org) version 3.4.0, and additional packages (stats, forest plot, ROC). RESULTS: Significant association was found between A allele of MMP 20 rs2245803 and dilation type of LV remodeling (odds ratio [OR] 2.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.186-6.695). The prognostic model containing systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SE=0.339) and G allele of MMP9 rs17576 (SE=1.097) was associated with LV dilation. The model containing C allele of the MMP20 rs2245803 (SE=-0.279) showed its relationship with LV hypertrophy. Combined carriage of the minor allele G of MMP9 rs17576 and C allele of MMP20 rs2245803 (SE=-2.228) was associated with hypertrophic modification of the LV geometry. CONCLUSION: In this work we revealed association of A allele of MMP20 rs2245803 with formation of dilative type of LV remodeling and established relationship between C allele of MMP20 rs2245803 and the hypertrophic morpho-functional modification of the left ventricle. Carriage of the G allele of MMP9 rs17576, along with other factors, increased the likelihood of LV myocardial hypertrophy. The role of this allele was augmented by cocarrying C allele of the MMP20 rs2245803. Identified gene associations can be used as additional early predictors of LV myocardial remodeling in patients with acute MI.

Effect of Chronic Administration of Obestatin and Its Fragment FNAP-NH2 on Behavioral Activity and Nociceptive Threshold in Rats with Normal and Excess Body Weight.

The effects of chronic intranasal administration of 300 nmol/kg obestatin and its fragment FNAP-NH2 on behavioral activity and nociceptive threshold were examined in male Wistar rats with normal body weight or alimentary obesity. In normal rats, obestatin produced no effect on behavior and nociception, whereas FNAP-NH2 fragment enhanced risk-taking behavior. Rats with excess body weight demonstrated less pronounced risk-taking behavior and elevated nociceptive threshold in comparison with normal animals, but these differences were abolished by chronic administration of FNAP-NH2.

Changes in Behavior and Blood Corticosterone Level in Male and Female Rats after Single Administration of Obestatin Fragment 1-4.

Single administration of the obestatin fragment 1-4 (300 nmol/kg) to male Wistar rats produced a significant weight loss in male rats on observation days 5-8, while in female rats only on day 8. In addition, males demonstrated decreased risk factor in the elevated plus-maze test, but no effect of the preparation on behavior of female rats was revealed. Obestatin fragment 1-4 had no effect on corticosterone level 1 week after single administration in both females and male rats.

Ortho-phthalic acid esters in lipophilic extract from the cell culture of Aconitum baicalense Turcz ex Rapaics 1907.

Optically active bis-2R(-)ethylhexyl o-phthalate was obtained with 0.18% yield from dry cultured cells of Aconitum baicalense Turcz ex Rapaics 1907 by extraction with petroleum ether followed by silica gel column chromatography. Its structure was confirmed by the analysis of 13C and 1H NMR spectra. Seasonal fluctuations of quantitative phthalate content in A. baicalense cells were identified. The tests were performed under conditions excluding the presence of phthalates in reagents, materials, and laboratory dishes. The same substance was shown to be produced by cultivated cells of other plants. Biosynthesis of esters of ortho-phthalic acid by cultivated plant cells was discovered for the first time.

Changes in Oxygen Partial Pressure in the Vitreous Body and Arterial Blood of Rabbits Depending on Oxygen Concentration in Inspired Mixture.

We demonstrated that the vitreous body of one-month-old rabbits becomes a "reservoir" for storage and accumulation of oxygen after exposure to additional oxygenation of the organism (O2 concentrations in inspired gas mixture were 40, 60, 85, and 99%). The higher was O2 concentration in inspired mixture, the higher was oxygen saturation of the blood and vitreous body. O2 concentration of 40% was relatively safe for eye tissues. O2 concentration >60% induced oxygen accumulation in the vitreous body, which can be a provoking factor for the development of oxygen-induced pathologies.

Antioxidant Defense System after Single and Chronic Administration of Obestatin and Its Fragment (1-4) to Normal and Overweight Male Rats.

We studied the effects of anorectic peptide obestatin and its fragment (1-4) on the antioxidant defense system in animals with normal and experimentally induced increased body weight. In rats with normal body weight, no changes in activity of the antioxidant defense system 1 week after single administration of the substances. After chronic administration of obestatin and fragment (1-4) for 1 week, total antioxidant capacity of the plasma decreased; obestatin also lowered the content of TBA-reactive products. In the overweight rats, SOD-like activity in the plasma increased 1 week after chronic administration of obestatin. Hence, obestatin and its fragment (1-4) induced changes in the antioxidant defense system only after chronic administration.

Effect of anorexigenic peptide obestatin on platelet aggregation and osmotic resistance of erythrocytes.

We studied the effects of the anorexigenic peptide obestatin on the coagulation system and blood rheology (by the parameters of platelet aggregation and osmotic resistance of erythrocytes) in vitro and in vivo. Obestatin inhibited in vitro platelet aggregation in the entire dose range and reduced osmotic resistance of erythrocytes in all doses except 300 nmol/kg (obestatin in a dose of 300 nmol/kg had no effect on this parameter). Similar to the results of in vitro experiments, intranasal, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous administration of obestatin in a dose of 300 nmol/kg inhibited platelet aggregation and had no effect on the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes.

[Analysis of morbidity and state of diagnostics of malignant neoplasms of maxillofacial localization (based on materials from Poltava region)].

In the article information is resulted about morbidity by malignant new formations of maxillofacial localization in region of Poltava for 20 years of supervisions, which diminished from 4 to 2,5% to 2011 year, but increased to 3,3% in the structure of general oncologic morbidity in 2012; about the change of structure and grade places of oncostomatology's morbidity; about establishment of reasons of late diagnostics. It is suggested to continue the study of monitoring of malignant new formations of maxillofacial localization of population and level of motivation of providing of the specialized help a population with the obligatory analysis of information; to count the indexes of timely diagnostics of shrine one of basic criteria of estimation of activity of stomatological service; to oblige doctors--necessarily to pass stomatologies courses of the in-plant training on oncology 1 time in 5 years.

Effects of GSM-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation on Some Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Rats.

Single exposure of white outbred rats to electromagnetic radiation with a frequency 905 MHz (GSM frequency) for 2 h increased anxiety, reduced locomotor, orientation, and exploration activities in females and orientation and exploration activities in males. Glucocorticoid levels and antioxidant system activity increased in both males and females. In addition to acute effects, delayed effects of radiation were observed in both males and females 1 day after the exposure. These results demonstrated significant effect of GSM-range radiation on the behavior and activity of stress-realizing and stress-limiting systems of the body.

[Transgenerational effects of prenatal stress of different etiology].

This paper considers the transgenerational effects of prenatal stress of different etiology. The impacts of stress factors on the biochemical and morphofunctional parameters of life of the mother, fetus, and offspring in the first and subsequent generations (F1-F4) are estimated. Particular attention is paid to assessing changes in the parameters of physical development, the state of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, proinflammatory status, behavioral indicators, cognitive performance, and vegetative balance in the post-stress period. Contemporary concepts of possible mechanisms of transgenerational transmission of the effects of prenatal stress are considered.

[The alteration of concentration of essential microelements in blood plasma in children with chronic diseases of gastrointestinal tract and having different body mass].

The article deals with the characteristics of alterations of mineral metabolism indicators in children of various age with chronic diseases ofgastrointestinal tract and having body mass of normal and different surplus degrees. The sample consisted of 127 children aged from 6 to 15 years with chronic gastroduodenitis, pancreatitis and cholecystitis. The concentration of bioelements in plasma was determined using the technique of mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The study established the increase of concentration of molybdenum 4.3 times, chrome--8.4 times and selenium--1.36 times. The revealed bioelemental misbalance impacts the overall health of children and course of disease and hence has to be accounted in case of application of treatment targeted to the correction of mineral metabolism.

[Transgenerational consequences of acute antenatal stress in pregnant rats].

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acute hypobaric hypoxia in early organogenesis on three following generations including pregnant females (FO) and two generations of their posterity (F1 and F2). Animals of all generations mentioned above demonstrated marked changes in motor and exploratory activity as well as in anxiety level while the litter of F1 and F2 generations showed also changes in learning ability. Besides, acute hypobaric hypoxia interfered in maternal behavior of females of the FO and F1 generations. The revealed changes kept till pubertal period. Possible mechanisms of gestational stress influence are discussed.

[The aggregation capacity of thrombocytes, lymphocytic thrombocytic adhesion and content of D-dimers in patients with acute acetic acid intoxication].

In patients with acute acetic acid intoxication the diminution of degree and velocity of thrombocytes aggregation against the background of their amount attenuation in peripheral blood is established. The significant augmentation of amount of lymphocytic thrombocytic complexes and -dimers concentration in blood is revealed. The most marked alterations are determined on first and second days in patients with severe degree of intoxication.

[Prognostic value of platelet aggreagation capacity and lymphocyte-platelet adhesion in patients suffering acute poisoning with acetic acid].

The patients experiencing severe acute poisoning with acetic acid were divided into 2 groups with and without exotoxic shock to study platelet aggregation capacity and lymphocyte-platelet adhesion. The data obtained were used to develop exotoxic shock probability coefficient for patients with acute poisoning.

[Changes of glucocorticoid level in plasma and adrenal glands of pregnant rats and their offspring after antenatal stress of different etiology].

We investigated the glucocorticoid level in plasma and adrenal glands of pregnant rats in the period of early organogenesis. Tests were performed 24 hours after stress of different etiology (acute hypobaric hypoxia, intermittent normobaric hypoxia, and immobilization) and then repeated in the adult offspring. There was a significant decrease in the glucocorticoid level in pregnant rats 24 hours after hypoxic stress. Various changes of the basal glucocorticoid level were found in the offspring after antenatal stress. Changes were mostly found in female offspring.

Comparative analysis of the effects of various stress factors at the stage of early organogenesis on heart rate variability in pregnant female rats and their offspring.

We studied changes in the autonomic balance of heart regulation (by the parameters of heart rate variability) in non-pregnant female rats and rats on the days 10-11 of pregnancy on the next day after stress provoked by acute hypobaric hypoxia, intermittent normobaric hypoxia, or immobilization. The same parameters were assessed in 36-day-old offspring. In non-pregnant rats, the intermittent hypoxia resulted in a shift of the autonomic balance of heart regulation towards activation of the parasympathetic nervous system; in pregnant females, immobilization led to a shift of the autonomic balance towards the sympathetic nervous system. In the offspring, the changes also depended on the type of stress.

[Postnatal behavioral consequences of antenatal intermittent hypoxia experienced during early organogenesis in mature rats].

This study analyses the spontaneous behavior and anxiety-phobic status of mature rats that were subjected to antenatal intermittent hypoxia during the early stages of organogenesis. Antenatal intermittent hypoxia caused a decrease of motor activity as well as an enhanced anxiety level in rats of both sexes, while males appeared to be more sensitive to hypoxic influence. The effects of single antenatal intermittent hypoxia were more expressed than those of double exposure.

[Lymphocyte-platelet adhesion and the content of D-dimers in patients with acute acetic acid poisoning].

Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a menacing complication due to acute acetic acid poisoning. However, many key mechanisms of this condition remain to be not clearly understood. The authors have studied lymphocyte-platelet adhesion and D-dimer concentrations in the blood. The most pronounced changes were observed in patients with severe poisoning in the first 24 hours, which were characterized by a significant increase in the number of lymphocyte-platelet complexes and D-dimer concentrations in the blood. A statistically significant correlation was established between the parameters being studied.