ABSTRACT
To determine seroprevalence of the opportunistic organisms Cryptosporidium parvum and microsporidia (Encephalitozoon cuniculi, E. intestinalis, E. hellem, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi) in Russian HIV/AIDS patients, we evaluated 46 sera from HIV/AIDS patients from the S.P. Botkin Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia. Five (10.9%) sera were seropositive for E. cuniculi and 19 (41.3%) were positive for C. parvum by ELISA. By IFAT, 6 (13.0%) sera were seropositive for E. bieneusi, 4 (8.7%) for E. intestinalis, and 9 (19.6%) for E. hellem. This study is the first report to estimate the prevalence of infection with Cryptosporidium and microsporidia among Russian HIV/AIDS patients.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Cryptosporidiosis/epidemiology , HIV Infections/complications , Microsporidiosis/epidemiology , Adult , Cryptosporidium/immunology , Cryptosporidium/isolation & purification , Cryptosporidium parvum/immunology , Cryptosporidium parvum/isolation & purification , Encephalitozoon/immunology , Encephalitozoon/isolation & purification , Enterocytozoon/immunology , Enterocytozoon/isolation & purification , Humans , Russia/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
The FTA technology was applied for sampling, archiving, and molecular analysis of the DNA isolated from stool samples to diagnose and identify microsporidia, the intracellular opportunistic parasites which induce malabsortion syndrome in immunosuppressed humans, particularly in patients with AIDS. Microsporidia DNA was successfully amplified in 6 of 50 stool samples of HIV-positive patients of the S. P. Botkin Memorial Infectious Disease Hospital (St. Petersburg) applied to FTA cards (FTA-Cars, Whatman Inc. Florham Park, NJ, USA). Amplicons (the fragments of rDNA) were directly sequenced, and microsporidia species--Encephalitozoon intestinalis, E. cuniculi, E. hellem, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi--were identified in Genbank by NCBI BLAST program. The FTA method of DNA immobilization is especially promising for epidemiological and field population studies which involve genotyping of microsporidia species and isolates.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , DNA Fingerprinting/methods , DNA, Fungal/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Microsporidia/genetics , Microsporidiosis/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology , Adsorption , DNA, Fungal/isolation & purification , DNA, Ribosomal/isolation & purification , Databases, Genetic , Feces/microbiology , HIV/immunology , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Microsporidia/classification , Microsporidia/isolation & purification , Microsporidiosis/complications , Microsporidiosis/immunology , Microsporidiosis/microbiology , RussiaABSTRACT
Azaleptine detection and quantitation in cadaveric material in forensic-chemical tests using thin-layer chromatography, UV-spectrophotometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are outlined.
Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/analysis , Cadaver , Clozapine/analysis , Forensic Pathology , Antipsychotic Agents/blood , Antipsychotic Agents/urine , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Clozapine/blood , Clozapine/urine , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Humans , Organ Specificity , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
Conditions of work, sound pressure levels on the city roads, direct and indirect hearing loss risk factors and hearing were studied in 200 traffic policemen working on the roads and 50 policemen working in offices. It was found that working conditions correlate with hearing loss in traffic policemen, so hearing loss in the policemen working on the roads is occupational and requires adequate prophylactic and therapeutic management.
Subject(s)
Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Police , Transportation , Adult , Catchment Area, Health , Health Status , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
In patients with skin melanoma and colon cancer, cell distribution by the number of chromosome aberrations cannot be described by Poisson distribution, but corresponds to a bipopulation model combining the Poisson and geometric distributions. In contrast to the control, in patients with malignant tumors, cells with geometric distribution possess the majority of chromosomal aberrations.
