ABSTRACT
Neuronal plasticity--a fundamental feature of brain--provides adequate interactions with dynamic environment. One of the most deeply investigated forms of the neuronal plasticity is a long-term potentiation (LTP)--a phenomenon underlying learning and memory. Signal paths activated during LTP converge into the nuclear of the neuron, giving rise to launch of the molecular-genetic programs, which mediate structural and functional remodeling of synapses. In the review data concerning involvement of multilevel gene expression into plastic change under neuronal activation are summarized.
Subject(s)
Brain/physiology , Gene Expression Regulation , Gene Expression , Neuronal Plasticity/physiology , Animals , Central Nervous System Diseases/genetics , Central Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Humans , Learning/physiology , Long-Term Potentiation , Memory/physiology , Neuronal Plasticity/geneticsABSTRACT
The expression of S100B and S100A6 mRNA in CA1 region of rat hippocampal sections was studied after tetanizing stimulation. The level of S100B expression increased 2-4-fold in comparison with the control after 30 min and gradually returned to the basal level 120 min after tetanization. The level of S100A6 mRNA was very low and did not change after tetanization.
Subject(s)
Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation , Hippocampus/metabolism , Long-Term Potentiation/genetics , Nerve Growth Factors/genetics , S100 Proteins/genetics , Animals , Male , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rats , Rats, Wistar , S100 Calcium Binding Protein A6 , S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta SubunitABSTRACT
The expression of egr-1, junB, c-jun, and c-fos genes in rat hippocampal CA1 field was studied by the real-time PCR 30, 60, and 120 min after induction of long-term posttetanic potentiation. The content of egr-1, junB, and c-jun mRNA gradually increased and doubled 120 min after tetanization. The increase in c-jun mRNA level lagged behind the increment of egr-1 and junB. The level of c-fos mRNA increased 30 min after tetanization, returned to the initial level by min 60, and again increased 120 min after induction of long-term posttetanic potentiation.
Subject(s)
Hippocampus/metabolism , Long-Term Potentiation/physiology , Animals , Early Growth Response Protein 1/genetics , Long-Term Potentiation/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/genetics , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , RatsABSTRACT
We compared nucleotide sequences of exon 4 and part of exon 5 of alleles F and S of the Adh1 locus controlling alcohol dehydrogenase in sugar beet. The Adh1-F and Adh1-S sequences of the examined fragment were shown to differ by two nucleotides. Adenine (A) and cytosine (C) of Adh1-F were substituted by respectively thymine (T) and adenine (A) in Adh1-S. Consequently, glutamine and asparagine from the F subunit of ADH1 are replaced by valine and lysine, respectively. Because of differences in the amino acid content, the F subunit is by two elementary charges more negatively charged electrically than the S subunit, which correlates with differences in their electrophoretic mobility. Comparison of the examined Adh1 fragment of sugar beet with its counterparts in other plants showed that the sites bearing substitutions in the former species are classed as variable.
