ABSTRACT
Parasiticidal fungi have been used in several in vivo experiments in livestock farms worldwide, constituting an effective tool for the biocontrol of gastrointestinal parasites in grazing animals. In the first year of study, two groups of eight first-season pasturing ewe lambs infected by strongyles were dewormed with albendazole, and then, the test group received an oral dose of 106 chlamydospores of Mucor circinelloides and 106 Duddingtonia flagrans individually and thrice a week from mid-September to May (FS1), while the control group remained without fungi (CT1). In the second year, two new groups of first-season grazing ewe lambs were treated with ivermectin and subjected to the same experimental design (FS2 and CT2, respectively). The anthelmintic efficacy was 96.6% (CT1), 95.6% (FS1), 96.1% (CT2), and 95.1% (FS2). The counts of strongyle egg output increased in the control groups (CT1 and CT2) throughout the study and reached numbers higher than 600 eggs per gram of feces (EPG), while in FS1 and FS2, they were <250 EPG. The values of red blood cell parameters registered for CT1 and CT2 were lower than those of the reference standards, while a significant increment was recorded in FS1 and FS2, and values within the physiological range were attained. It is concluded that integrating efficient anthelminthic deworming with rotational pasturing and the regular intake of chlamydospores of M. circinelloides and D. flagrans provides a helpful strategy for maintaining low levels of strongyle egg output in first-season grazing ewe lambs and improves their health status.
ABSTRACT
Cephenemyia stimulator larvae cause a specific myiasis in roe deer, which is widely distributed in Europe. In Spain, this parasite was detected by the first time in 2005, coinciding with a high mortality of this ruminant especially in northwest of the country. The aim of this study was to analyse the results obtained by necropsy and ELISA to elucidate when the first infestation by C. stimulator in roe deer from northwestern Spain occurred, as well as to determine the influence of some intrinsic factors on the prevalence and intensity of infestation. During 1994-2000, none seropositive roe deer was observed by ELISA. However, from 2007 to 2014, 38 % of animals were seropositive. The results of the necropsy pointed that prevalence and intensity of infestation had increased over the years. There was a positive and significant correlation between the number of animals harbouring C. stimulator larvae and seroprevalence values. This significant correlation was also observed between the seroprevalence and mean intensity of infestation. Adult roe deer showed higher prevalence and intensity of infestation than younger reaching statistical significance. It is also detected that the prevalence of infestation was significantly higher in males than in females although the mean number of larvae found in females were higher than in males. The combined use of direct and indirect techniques demonstrated a high prevalence of C. stimulator infestation in roe deer in the northwest of Spain, which certainly highlights the importance of this myiasis during the last years.
Subject(s)
Deer/parasitology , Diptera/physiology , Larva/physiology , Myiasis/veterinary , Animals , Europe , Female , Male , Myiasis/epidemiology , Myiasis/parasitology , Prevalence , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con el objetivo de valorar la aplicación práctica del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería a los lactantes del área de salud Cartagena en el municipio Rodas, Cienfuegos, durante el año 2001. Se seleccionaron mediante el método aleatorio simple una muestra de 114 lactantes del total de 228; a los que se les aplicó el Proceso de Atención de Enfermería. Se utilizó un formulario para recoger las siguientes variables: estado del lactante al nacer, morbilidad según tipo de lactancia y cálculo económico de la lactancia. El mayor número de lactantes fueron normales al nacer y hubo, al parecer, relación entre la morbilidad y la lactancia artificial, los lactantes con lactancia materna exclusiva durante los primeros 4 meses de vida presentaron baja morbilidad(AU)
He/she was carried out a retrospective descriptive study with the objective of valuing the practical application from the Process of Attention of Infirmary to the lactantes of the area of health Cartagena in the municipality Rodas, Cienfuegos, during the year 2001. They were selected by means of the simple aleatory method a sample of 114 lactantes of the total of 228; to those that were applied the Process of Attention of Infirmary. A form was used to pick up the following variables: state of the lactante when being born, morbilidad according to nursing type and economic calculation of the nursing. The biggest lactantes number went normal when being born and there was, apparently, relationship between the morbilidad and the artificial nursing, the lactantes with nursing maternal sole right during the first 4 months of life presented low morbilidad(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Primary Health Care/standards , Breast Feeding/adverse effects , Nutritional Status , Infant Care/methods , Nursing Care/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con el objetivo de valorar la aplicación práctica del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería a los lactantes del área de salud Cartagena en el municipio Rodas, Cienfuegos, durante el año 2001. Se seleccionaron mediante el método aleatorio simple una muestra de 114 lactantes del total de 228; a los que se les aplicó el Proceso de Atención de Enfermería. Se utilizó un formulario para recoger las siguientes variables: estado del lactante al nacer, morbilidad según tipo de lactancia y cálculo económico de la lactancia. El mayor número de lactantes fueron normales al nacer y hubo, al parecer, relación entre la morbilidad y la lactancia artificial, los lactantes con lactancia materna exclusiva durante los primeros 4 meses de vida presentaron baja morbilidad(AU)
