Programa CASERIA (Cuestionario hábitos Saludables en Primaria). Respuestas de escolares de 6 a 10 años de edad / CASERIA Program (Healthy Habits in Primary School Questionnaire). Responses of 6 to 10 year-old children

En los reconocimientos escolares, realizados de forma periódica, detectamos un continuo aumento de la obesidad y del sedentarismo en nuestros escolares; con este trabajo pretendemos contrastar, con datos objetivos, la situación real de la población infantil de nuestro entorno respecto a sus hábitos alimenticios, su actividad física e higiene. Material y métodos. Se entregaron cuestionarios sobre hábitos alimenticios, preferencias en cuanto a la dieta, práctica de ejercicio e higiene dental a 430 escolares de entre 6 y 10 años. Fueron válidos para su estudio 366. Resultados. El 85,8% de los encuestados vivía en el seno de una familia «tradicional»; el 22% tenía familiares con sobrepeso; el 96,7% desayunaba antes de ir al colegio, siendo los lácteos el producto más consumido; la bollería industrial era muy utilizada tanto en el desayuno (7,4%) como en el recreo (16,9%). La comida favorita era la pasta en el 29,8% de los casos, seguida de las patatas, sobre todo fritas (10,4%). Los alimentos que menos gustaban eran las verduras (26,2%) y el pescado (8,2%). El 70% veía diariamente la televisión más de 2 h; el 34% pasaba 2 h o más al día jugando con las videoconsolas o similares, por otra parte, los deberes y el estudio ocupaban más de 2 h diarias al 50% de los alumnos. El 55% de los encuestados consumía chucherías 2 o más veces al día, y comer y ver la televisión de forma simultánea era un hábito casi constante en más del 60%. El 9,29% de los participantes en el estudio no se limpiaba los dientes nunca. Conclusiones. El conocimiento teórico de lo que debe de ser una correcta alimentación parece ser adecuado, pero su puesta en práctica no. La población estudiada tiene hábitos bastante sedentarios, come poca fruta y no le agradan ni las legumbres, ni las verduras, ni el pescado. Todos estos factores disminuyen la protección cardiovascular asociada a su práctica y consumo, y comprobamos que ya están presentes desde la infancia, en nuestra población, lo que sin duda repercutirá en su futuro estado de salud y bienestar, en caso de no modificarse (AU)

In schoolchildren examinations, carried out periodically, we detect a continuous increase in obesity and sedentarism in our schoolchildren. In this study we attempt to compare, with objective data, the real situation of the childhood population in our area, as regards their eating habits, physical activity and hygiene. Material and methods. Questionnaires on eating habits, preferences as regards diet, doing exercise, and dental hygiene, were handed out to 430 schoolchildren between 6 and 10 years-old. A total of 366 were valid for the study. Results. The majority (85.8%) of those surveyed lived within a "traditional" family; 22% had family members who were overweight; 96.7% had breakfast before going to school, with milk products being the most consumed; the cake and pastry industry was well used, both at breakfast (7.4%) and at playtime (16.9%). The favourite food was pasta in 29.8% of cases, followed by potatoes, particularly fried (10.4%). The least liked foods were vegetables (26.2%) and fish (8.2%). Television was watched for more than 2hours by 70%; 34% exceeded 2hours or more per day playing with video consoles or similar. On the other hand, homework and studying took up more than 2hours daily for 50% of pupils. A majority (55%) of those surveyed ate sweets 2 or more time a day, and to eat and watch television at the same time was an almost constant habit in more than 60%. Of the participants in the study, 9.29% never brushed their teeth. Conclusions. The theoretical knowledge of what should be a correct diet seems adequate, but its putting into practice is not. The population studies had fairly sedentary habits, with little fruit and they did not like pulses or vegetables or fish. All these factors decrease the cardiovascular protection associated with its practice and consumption. We have shown that they are already present since childhood in our population, which without a doubt will have repercussions in their future health status and well-being, if it is not changed (AU)

[CASERIA program (Healthy Habits in Primary School Questionnaire). Responses of 6 to 10 year-old children]. / Programa CASERIA (Cuestionario hábitos Saludables en Primaria). Respuestas de escolares de 6 a 10 años de edad.

UNLABELLED: In schoolchildren examinations, carried out periodically, we detect a continuous increase in obesity and sedentarism in our schoolchildren. In this study we attempt to compare, with objective data, the real situation of the childhood population in our area, as regards their eating habits, physical activity and hygiene. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Questionnaires on eating habits, preferences as regards diet, doing exercise, and dental hygiene, were handed out to 430 schoolchildren between 6 and 10 years-old. A total of 366 were valid for the study. RESULTS: The majority (85.8%) of those surveyed lived within a "traditional" family; 22% had family members who were overweight; 96.7% had breakfast before going to school, with milk products being the most consumed; the cake and pastry industry was well used, both at breakfast (7.4%) and at playtime (16.9%). The favourite food was pasta in 29.8% of cases, followed by potatoes, particularly fried (10.4%). The least liked foods were vegetables (26.2%) and fish (8.2%). Television was watched for more than 2 hours by 70%; 34% exceeded 2 hours or more per day playing with video consoles or similar. On the other hand, homework and studying took up more than 2 hours daily for 50% of pupils. A majority (55%) of those surveyed ate sweets 2 or more time a day, and to eat and watch television at the same time was an almost constant habit in more than 60%. Of the participants in the study, 9.29% never brushed their teeth. CONCLUSIONS: The theoretical knowledge of what should be a correct diet seems adequate, but its putting into practice is not. The population studies had fairly sedentary habits, with little fruit and they did not like pulses or vegetables or fish. All these factors decrease the cardiovascular protection associated with its practice and consumption. We have shown that they are already present since childhood in our population, which without a doubt will have repercussions in their future health status and well-being, if it is not changed.

Diagnóstico de aneurisma de aorta abdominal mediante ecografía abdominal en atención primaria / Diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm using abdominal ultrasonography examination in primary health care

El aneurisma de aorta abdominal es una dilatación patológica de la aorta infrarrenal, con un diámetro anteroposterior mayor o igual a 3cm. La población de más riesgo son los varones fumadores, de edad avanzada y con historia familiar aneurismática. La ecografía abdominal es un método sensible, específico y rentable para el diagnóstico de dicha enfermedad y la cirugía electiva sobre el aneurisma permite una disminución en la morbimortalidad por esta causa. Presentamos 3 pacientes con criterios de riesgo, atendidos en una consulta de medicina de familia y a quienes se les practicó una ecografía abdominal por diferentes motivos, a través de la cual se realizó el diagnóstico de aneurisma de aorta abdominal. Dos de ellos están actualmente en seguimiento, otro fue intervenido y murió en el postoperatorio. Planteamos así la pertinencia del cribado del aneurisma de aorta abdominal, mediante ecografía en atención primaria, en población de riesgo (AU)

Abdominal aortic aneurysm is an abnormal dilatation of the infrarenal portion of the aorta, with an anteroposterior diameter equal to or greater than 3cm. The population at greatest risk includes older males, with an aneurysmal family history and smokers. The abdominal ultrasound scan is a sensitive, specific and profitable method to diagnose the disease and programmed surgery of the aneurysm makes it possible to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to it. We present the cases of three patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm risk criteria who were attended in Primary Care. All of them had abdominal ultrasound scans for different reasons and were diagnosed with aortic aneurysm. Two of them are currently being monitored. The third patient, who was operated on, died during the postoperative care. In this way, we propose the importance of screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms using the abdominal ultrasound scan in Primary Care for the at risk population (AU)