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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 31(6): 2618-23, 2015 Jun 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26040373

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Sit-and-reach tests are often used in physical education classes for measurement of hamstring extensibility in students, without a standar protocol to perform it. OBJETIVE: To analyze the effect of a warm-up protocol based on locomotion activities and stretching in the sit-and-reach scores in adolescent students. METHOD: A total of 47 teenagers students (17 boys and 30 girls) performed the sit-and-reach test before, immediately after, and 5 and 10 minutes after completing a structured warm-up. The warm-up consisted on a part of continuous running, dynamic locomotor and mobility activities as well as static stretching of lower limbs (quadriceps, hamstrings, adductors, iliopsoas and gastrocnemius), with a total duration of 8 minutes. Between measurements after warm-up, the participants remained standing without performing any exercise and/or stretching. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: After warm-up there was a significant improvement in the sit-and-reach score (+ 2.15 cm) (p < 0.001), being slightly higher at 5 and 10 minutes (+ 2.49 cm at 5 minutes and + 2.61 cm at 10 minutes) (p < 0.001 with respect to the pre-test). CONCLUSIONS: A warm-up protocol performed before the sit-and-reach test, comprised by locomotion, dynamic activities and stretching, improves significantly the distance achieved in this test.


Introducción: los test lineales son frecuentemente utilizados en las clases de educación física para evaluar la extensibilidad isquiosural del alumnado, sin que haya una estandarización del procedimiento para su realización. Objetivo: analizar la influencia de un protocolo de calentamiento en los resultados obtenidos en el test sit-andreach en estudiantes adolescentes. Metodología: a 47 adolescentes (17 chicos y 30 chicas) se les midió la distancia alcanzada en el test sit-and-reach antes, inmediatamente después de finalizar, así como a los 5 y 10 minutos tras finalizar un protocolo de calentamiento compuesto por una parte de carrera continua, actividades de locomoción y movilidad, además de estiramientos estáticos de cuádriceps, isquiosurales, aductores, psoas ilíaco y gemelos, con una duración total de 8 minutos. Entre las mediciones realizadas tras el calentamiento, los participantes permanecieron en bipedestación sin realizar ejercicio y/o estiramiento alguno. Resultados y discusión: tras el calentamiento hubo una mejora significativa en la distancia alcanzada en el test sit-and-reach (+ 2,15 cm) (p < 0,001), siendo ligeramente mayor a los 5 y 10 minutos (+ 2,49 cm a los 5 minutos y + 2,61 cm a los 10 minutos) (p < 0,001 respecto al pretest). Conclusiones: la realización de un protocolo de calentamiento previo al test sit-and-reach, compuesto por locomoción, movilidad y estiramientos, incrementa de manera significativa la distancia alcanzada en este test, que permanece aumentada, al menos, hasta 10 minutos después de finalizar el calentamiento.


Subject(s)
Exercise/physiology , Physical Fitness/physiology , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Locomotion , Male , Physical Education and Training , Students
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 31(6): 2618-2623, jun. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-142247

ABSTRACT

Introducción: los test lineales son frecuentemente utilizados en las clases de educación física para evaluar la extensibilidad isquiosural del alumnado, sin que haya una estandarización del procedimiento para su realización. Objetivo: analizar la influencia de un protocolo de calentamiento en los resultados obtenidos en el test sit-andreach en estudiantes adolescentes. Metodología: a 47 adolescentes (17 chicos y 30 chicas) se les midió la distancia alcanzada en el test sit-and-reach antes, inmediatamente después de finalizar, así como a los 5 y 10 minutos tras finalizar un protocolo de calentamiento compuesto por una parte de carrera continua, actividades de locomoción y movilidad, además de estiramientos estáticos de cuádriceps, isquiosurales, aductores, psoas ilíaco y gemelos, con una duración total de 8 minutos. Entre las mediciones realizadas tras el calentamiento, los participantes permanecieron en bipedestación sin realizar ejercicio y/o estiramiento alguno. Resultados y discusión: tras el calentamiento hubo una mejora significativa en la distancia alcanzada en el test sit-and-reach (+ 2,15 cm) (p< 0,001), siendo ligeramente mayor a los 5 y 10 minutos (+ 2,49 cm a los 5 minutos y + 2,61 cm a los 10 minutos) (p < 0,001 respecto al pretest). Conclusiones: la realización de un protocolo de calentamiento previo al test sit-and-reach, compuesto por locomoción, movilidad y estiramientos, incrementa de manera significativa la distancia alcanzada en este test, que permanece aumentada, al menos, hasta 10 minutos después de finalizar el calentamiento (AU)


Introduction: sit-and-reach tests are often used in physical education classes for measurement of hamstring extensibility in students, without a standar protocol to perform it. Objective: to analyze the effect of a warm-up protocol based on locomotion activities and stretching in the sitand-reach scores in adolescent students. Method: a total of 47 teenagers students (17 boys and 30 girls) performed the sit-and-reach test before, immediately after, and 5 and 10 minutes after completing a structured warm-up. The warm-up consisted on a part of continuous running, dynamic locomotor and mobility activities as well as static stretching of lower limbs (quadriceps, hamstrings, adductors, iliopsoas and gastrocnemius), with a total duration of 8 minutes. Between measurements after warm-up, the participants remained standing without performing any exercise and/or stretching. Results and discussion: after warm-up there was a significant improvement in the sit-and-reach score (+ 2.15 cm) (p< 0.001), being slightly higher at 5 and 10 minutes (+ 2.49 cm at 5 minutes and + 2.61 cm at 10 minutes) (p < 0.001 with respect to the pre-test). Conclusions: a warm-up protocol performed before the sit-and-reach test, comprised by locomotion, dynamic activities and stretching, improves significantly the distance achieved in this test (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Sports/physiology , Exercise/physiology , Physical Conditioning, Human/physiology , Athletic Performance/physiology , Warm-Up Exercise/physiology , Students/statistics & numerical data , Physical Education and Training/methods
5.
Haematologica ; 89(10): 1232-7, 2004 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15477209

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Microbiological follow-up is part of quality control of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) manipulation. DESIGN AND METHODS: We prospectively studied microbiological cultures performed in 865 consecutive untreated autologous PBSC harvests from 348 patients. Our aim was to know the rate of microbiological contamination, the optimum moment to evaluate the sample and the clinical significance of the positive findings. RESULTS: Fifty-nine of the 852 samples (6.9%) yielded a positive culture after PBSC collection (sample 1) and 62 samples also yielded positive results before cryopreservation (7.2%) (sample 2). At the time of the analysis, a total of 520 aphereses had been infused and the number of positive cultures after thawing (sample 3) and after washing (sample 4; 82 aphereses) was 5.4% and 2.3%, respectively. Most of the positive cultures were due to coagulase-negative staphylococci (48 isolates). After thawing 15 coagulase-negative staphylococci and 2 enterococci isolates were recovered. Comparison between samples using a marginal homogeneity test showed no differences in the rate of contamination observed at the different sampling points. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Positive microbiological findings in collected PBSC are not due to contamination within the laboratory. Cryopreservation using DMSO does not eradicate bacteria and manipulation does not seem to affect results. To simplify the procedure it would be possible to eliminate the microbiological controls performed immediately before cryopreservation.


Subject(s)
Blood/microbiology , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/microbiology , Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation/standards , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Bacterial Infections/etiology , Bacterial Infections/transmission , Bacteriological Techniques , Blood Component Removal/instrumentation , Blood Component Removal/methods , Cryopreservation/instrumentation , Cryopreservation/methods , Equipment Contamination , Fever/epidemiology , Fever/etiology , Hematologic Neoplasms/blood , Hematologic Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Neoplasms/blood , Neoplasms/therapy , Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Quality Control , Skin/microbiology , Specimen Handling/instrumentation , Specimen Handling/methods , Tissue Preservation/instrumentation , Tissue Preservation/methods , Transplantation, Autologous
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