ABSTRACT
Pretarsal, tarsal and tibial structures of the forelegs, midlegs and hindlegs of Pediculus humanus of humans and of Haematopinus apri Goureau, 1866 (Phthiraptera), a parasite of feral hogs, were studied using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Details of the tibial thumb-like process (tl) with the spine of the thumb (spn), tarsal apophysis (ta) and the coupled finger-like process (cfl) can be observed in the leg photomicrograph of both species. A frontal view of the leg in open position shows the articulation of the claw: the structures of an open-closed system, a tooth row (te), rack-system (rs) and two telescopic columns (tc) which are present near the base of the claw in both species. In H. apri, we observed a pad-like structure, the flap-like tibial lobe (fl) on the ventral surface on the tarsus, the euplantulae, with several sensilla basiconica, which is present in each leg.
Subject(s)
Forelimb/ultrastructure , Hindlimb/ultrastructure , Pediculus/ultrastructure , Animals , Humans , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Sense Organs/ultrastructure , SwineABSTRACT
Larvae from adults of Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) emerging from pupal cold storage (4 degrees C for 80-100 d) were reared in wound and dead tissues. Of 2,150 first instars placed on a mixture of muscle + liver in a climate-controlled room, 47.1% molted to 2nd instar, 6.1% to 3rd instar, and 4.6% pupated. Two females emerged from these pupae after 14 d. To synchronize adult emergence, 191 pupae that were reared in living or dead tissues and were 2, 8, and 11 d old were cold-stored in lots according to age. Adult emergence was greatest in pupae of 2-d-old (57.1%) and, pupae developing in living and dead tissues, 22.5 and 8.7%, respectively. When the experiment was repeated with cold-stored pupae from 0 to 11 d old, developing in living tissues, the highest emergence was again in 2-d-old pupae (55.0%). These data have important implications for the control of adult emergence which may be used in further biological studies.
Subject(s)
Diptera/growth & development , Wounds and Injuries/parasitology , Animals , Cattle , Cold Temperature , Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology , Entomology/methods , Female , Larva , Liver/parasitology , Male , Molting , Muscle, Skeletal/parasitology , Necrosis , Pupa , Sheep , Wounds and Injuries/pathologyABSTRACT
Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner, 1862) has a seasonal cycle from May to September. The main objective of the current study is the rearing and development in the laboratory, outside its natural life cycle. The free and obligate parasite phases were reared in the laboratory during 7 mo, from 16 September to 26 March. Between 97.49 and 98.27% of the third instars reached the pupal stage (at 24 degrees C and under natural light cycle). Between 73.98 and 92.24% of the pupae developed into adults (at 70% RH and 22 degrees C). In the induced cycle the ratio of females to males was between 1.87:1.00 and 1.40:1.00, at 70% RH and 24 degrees C. In the trials involving the diapause pupae, 35.29% emerged as adults during a period of 53 d (from 23 January to 20 March), when held at an average storage temperature of 18 degrees C. Eighty-five percent emerged during 2 d (23 and 24 February) when the storage temperature was 4 degrees C.
Subject(s)
Diptera/growth & development , Animals , Female , Male , Myiasis/parasitology , Myiasis/veterinary , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/parasitologyABSTRACT
The authors characterize in females of Bovicola bovis the total proteins of this species by means of SDS-page determining the R(mb), Rx, Rf and mW of each protein in particular and studying finally the number of protein bands in function with their mW.
Subject(s)
Phthiraptera/chemistry , Proteins/chemistry , Animals , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Female , Molecular WeightABSTRACT
A case of mixed semi-specific cutaneous myiasis produced by larvae from Calliphora vicina Rob.-Desv. and Lucilia sericata Mg, in their third development stage, is described, as the first case in humans, although there is a precedent described in domestic animals. Main taxonomic characteristics and diagnostic features of the parasites are discussed, together with the implications of their biology in the observed clinical case, discussing, as well the prophylaxis and therapy.
Subject(s)
Myiasis , Skin Diseases, Parasitic , Adult , Animals , Diptera/growth & development , Humans , Larva/growth & development , MaleABSTRACT
The larval development of Wohlfahrtia magnifica (the most important dipteran causing sheep myiasis in the Palearctic region) has been studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. The ultrastructure of mouth-hooks, oral ridges, labial lobes, body spines and anterior and posterior peritremes is described for the first time. Their possible adaptations to a parasitic lifeway are also discussed. Thus, the use of new structures in the Sarcophagidae taxonomy is proposed from the point of view of their ultrastructure and adaptative morphology.
Subject(s)
Diptera/ultrastructure , Animals , Diptera/parasitology , Diptera/physiology , Larva/parasitology , Larva/physiology , Larva/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , PhylogenyABSTRACT
A description of the larval development of Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner, 1862) is given. An interpretation of the morphological development correlated with functional and adaptive aspects of myiasis-causing flies is also included. A detailed analysis of morphological changes that occurred in W. magnifica larvae during postembryonic development is carried out. These changes happen in 2 larval interinstars, I-II and II-III, in which several structures such as anterior and posterior peritremes and cephalopharyngeal skeleton play an important role. The possible functions of these structures are considered. We also describe the first instar in W. magnifica to differentiate it from that belonging to Sarcophaga species, paying special attention to disposition of the cephalopharyngeal skeleton, anterior peritremes, and spinulation on the last 3 segments. Several structures, not described previously in Sarcophagidae, were observed: modified spines of the buccal and peritremal cavities, peritremal tubercles, and modified spines on the ventral surface. Changes occurring in these structures during larval development are described. Their probable role in the taxonomy of the genus Wohlfahrtia and their application to Nearctic species belonging to this genus, Wohlfahrtia vigil and Wohlfahrtia opaca, are also discussed.
Subject(s)
Diptera/growth & development , Animals , Diptera/anatomy & histology , Diptera/isolation & purification , Myiasis/parasitology , Myiasis/veterinary , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/parasitologyABSTRACT
48 bacterial isolates were gained from Bovicola spp. of Capra hircus. The distribution of the isolates among males, females and larvae suggests first conclusions on the specificity of the microflora.
Subject(s)
Bacteria/isolation & purification , Goats/parasitology , Phthiraptera/microbiology , Animals , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Female , Male , Micrococcus/isolation & purification , Staphylococcus/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Bovicola limbata Gervais, 1844 has been cultured in vitro at 35 +/- 1.5 degrees and 75 +/- 5% R.H. using scrapings from goatskin and host hair as food. In these conditions its complete life cycle has been obtained. New data are given on the biology of this species: maximum, minimum and average number of eggs laid per female; reabsorbed, embryonal, hatched and unhatched eggs; percentage of specimens that reached the second, third and adult instars; mortality percentage in the first, second and third instars.
