[Effect of selank on the main carboxypeptidases in the rat nervous tissue].

Effect of single selank administration on activity of carboxypeptidase H and of phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride-inhibited carboxypeptidase - enzymes detaching arginine and lysine from C-terminus of molecules-precursors of biologically active peptides was studied. The preparation has been shown to cause long, preserved for 24 h changes of activities of these carboxypeptidases. It is suggested that the change in activity of the studied enzymes can be one of mechanisms of regulation of level of neuropeptides at action of selank.

[Opioid mechanism of regulation of the autonomic and motor functions in rabbits]. / K voprosu ob opioidnom mekhanizme reguliatsii vegetativnykh i motornykh funktsii u krolikov.

In rabbits, effects of s.c. administration of met-enkephaline (MET) and stimulation of hypothalamic nuclei upon vegetative and motor functions are similar and involve changes of the breathing rate, heart rate, and diminishing of the motor component of orienting responses. MET acts mainly upon cardiac parameters. Administration of naloxone eliminates the MET effect upon the vegetative and motor parameters. The role of opioid mechanism in regulation of the brain's visceral-motor function regulation, is emphasized.

[The effect of vasopressin on memory processes in Macaca fascicularis]. / Vliianie vazopressina na protsessy pamiati u iavanskikh obez'ian.

The role of vasopressin (arginin-vasopressin) in the regulation of conditioned instrumental food-procuring reactions and different kinds of memory such as delayed reflexes, image, short-, and long-time memory was studied in monkeys. Motor and autonomic effects of vasopressin were assessed. It was found that in monkeys, vasopressin administration differently affected the simple conditioned food-procuring reactions and memory. During functional disorders of the higher nervous activity, vasopressin was more efficient in its action on memory and its restoration. Formation of two types of vasopressin effects on the higher nervous activity in evolution of mammals is discussed.

[The comparative physiological characteristics of the regulating effect of vasopressin on higher nervous activity in mammals in an ascending order]. / Sravnitel'no-fiziologicheskie osobennosti reguliruiushchego vliianiia vazopressina na vysshuiu nervnuiu deiatel'nost' v voskhodiashchem riadu mlekopitaiushchikh.

Small doses of vasopressin in hedgehogs facilitated positive conditioning as well as formation of extinguishing inhibition. In rabbits [correction of rodents], vasopressin enhanced the trace conditioning however shortly. In monkeys, vasopressin exerts a complicated effect upon simpler conditioning and memory processes, the conditioned memory being obviously enhanced.

[The role of opioid neuropeptides and adrenocorticotropic hormone in the mechanisms compensating for disordered central nervous system functions during stimulation and after destruction of the limbic structures in the brain of the hedgehog Erinaceus auritus]. / Rol' opioidnykh neiropeptidov i adrenokortikotropnogo gormona v mekhanizmakh kompensatsii narushennykh funktsii tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy pri stimuliatsii i posle razrusheniia limbicheskikh struktur mozga u ezha Erinaceus aurinatus.

On the model of food behaviour of hedgehogs possibilities of disrupted acquired and congenital forms of nervous activity have been studied using opioid neuropeptides, beta-endorphin, met-enkephalin and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). It was established that preliminary introduction of opioid neuropeptides removed inhibitory effects of stimulation of limbic cortex on conditioned-reflex brain activity. The influence of different neuropeptides on higher nervous activity and behaviour revealed strict tendency to specialization. In particular, at met-enkephalin introduction latent periods of conditioned food-procuring reactions were essentially shortened, fading inhibition was not developed and intersignal, motor and food excitement were increased. At beta-endorphin introduction formation of fading inhibition did ton differ from the one in norm. On the background of ACTH introduction incomplete removing of inhibitory effects of limbic cortex irritation was revealed. Met-enkephalin introduction to animals with broken limbic cortex and basolateral part of amygdala was accompanied by restoration of food-procuring, orientation-research and motor activity. Restoration of acquired forms of nervous activity was uncomplete and transitory. The problem of possibility of neurochemical compensation of disrupted functions in mammalian brain is discussed.

[A comparative study of the role of ACTH and beta-endorphin in regulating the conditioned-reflex activity of hedgehogs]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie roli AKTG i beta-éndorfina v reguliatsii uslovnoreflektornoi deiatel'nosti ezhei.

The ACTH was shown to facilitate learning and to enhance the memory processes in hedgehogs. Administration of beta-endorphin enhanced the latency of conditioning, exert an analgetic effect, reduced the motor and intersignal activities, as well as eliminated the inhibitory effects of the limbic cortex stimulation. Different influences of the ACTH and beta-endorphin upon the higher nervous activity as well as possible mechanisms of these effects, are discussed.

[ACTH and the processes of higher nervous activity in the hedgehog Erinaceus auritus]. / AKTG i protsessy vysshei nervnoi deiatel'nosti u ezhei Erinaceus auritus.

Using feeding behaviour model in hedgehogs, studies have been made of the effect of ACTH1-39 on learning, memory and the pre-formed conditioned reactions. It was shown that preliminary administration of the hormone produces facilitating effect on learning. In animals with pre-formed conditioned reflexes ACTH decreases temporal parameters of these reflexes, increasing intersignal and locomotor activity. Injection of ACTH favours memory processes. Intensification of trace conditioned reactions takes place at the background of hyperphagia, vigorous motor activity, etc.

[The hypothalamic mechanisms of the regulation of neocortical activity in representative predators (cats)]. / Gipotalamicheskie mekhanizmy reguliatsii deiatel'nosti novoi kory u predstavitelei khishchinykh (koshki).

On complex behavioural model (preference reaction), studies have been made of the effect of stimulation of two different hypothalamic nuclei, i.e. ventromedial and mammillary ones, on the conditioned reflex activity in cats. It was shown that stimulation of the ventromedial nucleus (in contrast to that of the mammillary one) exerts more complex differentiated effect on the higher nervous activity. Similar effect may be induced by subcutaneous administration of beta-endorphin. The data obtained are discussed in relation to the development of two different mechanisms of hypothalamic influence on neocortical activity.

[The role of dermorfin in regulating hibernation processes in mammals]. / Rol' dermorfina v reguliatsii protsessov zimnei spiachki u mlekopitaiushchikh.

Administration of dermorphin (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) induced a drop of body temperature, deceleration of initial vegetative parameters and development of hibernation-like state in susliks. The delayed effects involved a disorder in conditioning. The immunisation of hibernating susliks with the dermorphin conjugate leads to a gradual waking up of the animals, normalising of conditioning in all the parameters and occurrence of a motor component in avoidance conditioning. A possible specific role of the dermorphin in the mechanisms of hibernation, is discussed.

[The effect of the opioid neuropeptides: met-enkephalin and beta-endorphin on the conditioned reflex activity of hedgehogs]. / Vliianie opioidnykh neiropeptidov: met-énkefalina i beta-éndorfina na uslovno-reflektornuiu deiatel'nost' ezhei.

The effect of opioid neuropeptides was found to be more obvious in functional pathology of the higher nervous activity in hedgehogs. Met-enkephalin exerted a more obvious and longer-lasting effect on complicated forms of nervous activity, particularly inherent those. Naloxone abolished the met-enkephalin effect. The comparative effect of different opioid neuropeptides on inherent and acquired forms of nervous activity in mammals, the correlation between structural distribution of the neuropeptides and their functional properties, are discussed.

[The role of beta-endorphin in regulating the conditioned reflex activity of cats]. / Uchastie beta-éndorfina v reguliatsii uslovnoreflektornoi deiatel'nosti koshek.

The role of beta-endorphin in regulation of instrumental food conditioning and in more complicated forms of nervous activity in cats was found to involve a facilitating unspecific effect both on positive and negative food conditioning, the latter having a general adaptive character. The influence of the same small doses of beta-endorphin (10 mkg/kg - 15 x 10(-6) mkg/kg) on the choice responses was more complicated and depended on the basic level of conditioning and the typology of animals. Possible mechanism of the beta-endorphin effect on higher nervous activity, is discussed.