Subject(s)
Dysentery, Bacillary/epidemiology , Acute Disease , Adult , Carrier State , Child , Child Day Care Centers , Child, Preschool , Disease Outbreaks , Female , Humans , Male , Moscow/epidemiologySubject(s)
Communicable Disease Control/history , Communicable Diseases/history , Sanitation/history , Animals , Communicable Diseases/epidemiology , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Relapsing Fever/epidemiology , Relapsing Fever/history , Risk Factors , Russia/epidemiology , Tuberculin Test , Water MicrobiologySubject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Staphylococcal Food Poisoning/epidemiology , Staphylococcus aureus , Diagnosis, Differential , Food Preservation , Humans , Russia/epidemiology , Staphylococcal Food Poisoning/diagnosis , Staphylococcal Food Poisoning/etiology , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The article deals with the results of the epidemiological analysis of the spread of salmonellosis in Moscow. During the last 15 years the proportion of Salmonella enteritidis was about 80% and more. After salmonellosis morbidity decreased to 19.9 per 100,000 of the population (the minimum level) in 1985 its sharp rise was noted. Morbidity rate increased from 31.7 in 1987 to 55.1 per 100,000 in 1988, then to 93.9 per 100,000 of the population in 1989 (the maximum level). In the subsequent years up to 1996 a decrease in morbidity rate was observed, but in 1997-2002 morbidity rate stabilized within 29.8-35.7 per 100,000 of the population without a perceptible tendency towards decrease. The sharp increase of the etiological role of S. enteritidis which led to a wide spread of Salmonella infections was caused by the "chicken-egg" factor of their transmission. High morbidity rate among children and adults, registered all the year round, is the consequence of the constant epidemic activity of this factor.
Subject(s)
Chickens/microbiology , Disease Outbreaks , Disease Transmission, Infectious/prevention & control , Food Microbiology , Salmonella Infections/epidemiology , Salmonella Infections/prevention & control , Salmonella enteritidis , Adult , Animals , Child , Eggs/microbiology , Humans , Moscow/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Salmonella Infections/transmission , Species SpecificitySubject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Tinea/epidemiology , Animals , Cricetinae , Humans , Moscow/epidemiology , SchoolsSubject(s)
Dermatomycoses/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Adolescent , Child , Child Day Care Centers , Female , Humans , Male , Microsporidiosis/epidemiology , Moscow/epidemiology , Schools , Tinea/epidemiologySubject(s)
Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Enteritis/epidemiology , Hepatitis A/epidemiology , Academies and Institutes/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Health Facilities/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Moscow/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Schools/statistics & numerical data , SeasonsABSTRACT
Grounds for the adoption of a unified, commonly accessible, professional terminology by specialists are presented. The emphasis is made on the unification and uniformity of using the terms "epidemiological" and "epidemic". A small dictionary explaining the true or false sense of terms in epidemiology is proposed.
