[Comparison of the Results of Satellite Studies of "Mars-500" Experiment Participans in Syktyvkar and Almaty].

Participants of "Mars-500" experiment living in Syktyvkar (northerners) and Almaty (southerners) were studied throughout the year in various seasons. Latitude-caused differences of vegetative index values (RMSSD and pNN50) between groups were found in summer. Northerners were found to have significant seasonal shifts in thermoregulation parameters and RMSSD and pNN50 values. Southerners showed no seasonal changes in abovementioned indices. Participants from both groups were shown to have deviations of several physiological parameters from moderate latitude norms. Many participants from both groups demonstrated stress in adaptation mechanisms. Orthostatic tests performed in both groups revealed deficiencies in regulation of blood circulation.

[Functional indices of the participants of the satellite experiments of the "Mars-500" project in the north of Russia in different seasons of a year].

17 male northerners participating in the satellite experiments of the '"Mars-500" project passed through the morphological, physiometric, psychological and biochemical studies. The prenosological health indices in different seasons were calculated using the hardware-software complex "Ecosan-2007". Seasonal sinusoidal fluctuations were detected for the thermoregulation (body and skin temperature), lipids metabolism (cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels in the blood), circulation regulation under physical exercise (the increase of "double product" and its recovery time). In the majority of the participants the unfavorable deviations of body mass index, "power" and "life" indices, simple visual-motor reaction time, Kerdo vegetative index, physical health levels and regulatory systems activity index (in comparison with the mid-latitude standards) were found.

[Vulnerability to atmospheric and geomagnetic factors of the body functions in healthy male dwellers of the Russian North].

In April 2009 through to November 2011, a Mars-500 satellite study of Russian Northerners (Syktyvkar citizens) was performed using the standard ECOSAN-2007 procedure evaluating the atmospheric and geomagnetic susceptibility of the main body functional parameters. Seventeen essentially healthy men at the age of 25 to 46 years were investigated. Statistical data treatment included correlation and single-factor analysis of variance. Comparison of the number of statistical correlations of the sum of all functional parameters for participants showed that most often they were sensitive to atmospheric pressure, temperature, relative humidity and oxygen partial pressure (29-35 %), and geomagnetic activity (28 %). Dependence of the functional parameters on the rate of temperature and pressure change was weak and comparable with random coincidence (11 %). Among the hemodynamic parameters, systolic pressure was particularly sensitive to space and terrestrial weather variations (29 %); sensitivity of heart rate and diastolic pressure were determined in 25 % and 21 % of participants, respectively. Among the heart rate variability parameters (HRV) the largest number of statistically reliable correlations was determined for the centralization index (32 %) and high-frequency HRV spectrum (31 %); index of the regulatory systems activity was least dependable (19 %). Life index, maximal breath-holding and Ckibinskaya's cardiorespiratory index are also susceptible. Individual responses of the functional parameters to terrestrial and space weather changes varied with partidpants which points to the necessity of individual approach to evaluation of person's reactions to environmental changes.

[Age dynamics of functional parameters in men in the Polar region].

In order to test the hypothesis about rapid involution of functional parameters in residents in the Polar region, the functional parameters in men of 20-69 years have been compared in cross-sectional study. There is a tendency to a steady decrease of height, strength indices, parameter of muscle working capacity, balancing of the body when standing on one leg, vital capacity, cardiac output, tolerance to hypoxemia, level of physical health, adrenocorticotropic hormone and testosterone levels and an increase of body mass index, index of coordination (impairment of motor coordination), time of visual-motor response, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, index of functional changes, insulin level. More pronounced decline of functions is observed in men after 50 years.

[Influence of latitude factor on organism of adolescences residing on North].

Complex investigations of adolescences (14-15 years) residing on the European North at 62 and 65 degrees latitudes have been carried out. It was shown that the latitude factor on the North affected on mature organism of adolescences already at a difference of residence place on 3 degrees. The decrease of tolerance to hypoxemia, quality of hemodynamic regulation at short-term physical activity, physical health level, nervous processes rate (switching of attention) and the increase of plasma lactate level (attribute of hypoxia) were shown in adolescences residing at higher latitudes. The sexual distinctions and features of northerner organism on a lot of parameters in adolescences were revealed.

[Multi-month dynamics of the functional condition of organism of normal male northeners of Russia].

In conjunction with the Mars-500 project, 17 male residents (25-46 y.o.) of the North of Russia (62 degrees 40'N) were examined monthly using hard- and software EKOSAN-2007. In the period of June, 2010 through to November, 2011 they visited a standard laboratory to go through comprehensive anthropophysiometric, psychophysiological and physiological investigations at rest and combined with exercise, standing and cold tests aimed at tracking the seasonal responses of the body functional parameters. The larger part of group-average psychomotor, breathing and circulation measurements as well as heart rate variability did not exhibit statistically significant differences between months or seasons. Reliable seasonal variations were documented in the life index, body and cutaneous temperature, myocardium index and regulatory systems activity. A correlation between environmental and some body functional parameters was established. In the course of the multi-month monitoring there were periods when essentially healthy people were diagnosed as prenosologic and even premorbid. Some findings in the functioning of male northerner's organism are clearly attributable to living in the high-altitude area.

[Physiological and psychophysiological indices dynamics in operators with three-shift working day in different working conditions].

It was shown that intense operator work in pulp and paper industry (bleachers and chlorinators) with changes in shift time (day, evening, night) causes fatigue. The fatigue in operators was indicated by increasing number of errors in sensomotor coordination test and coordination index, and among chlorinators it was accompanied by deterioration of state of health. Manifestations of 24 hours' rhythm of physiological functions were detected by changes in body temperature (among bleachers), heart rate, blood pressure and sensomotor coordination indices (all operators). Harmful chemical substances (chlorine and chlorine dioxide) in the air negatively influence psychophysiological status among clorinators.

[Rated power of conscripts in the north].

The nutrition on alimentary and power value in the term active duty soldier on the North on norm No 1 (troop ration) approaches to calculated sizes (with the exception of fat deficiency) that allows to support the physical working capacity and the body mass index on high enough level. However insufficient content of vitamins (polyhypovitaminosis) in organisms of most of studied persons was revealed. The dynamics of change of nutrition status in the soldiers on the North during year shows essential dependence on the weather rigidity parameters and the seasonal factor.

[Functional state during working shift in workers exposed to occupational hazards in cellulose production].

The authors demonstrated role of chemical factor determining workers' psychophysiologic state at work, defined influence of work conditions jeopardy degree on body functions before and during the working shift in contemporary cellulose production.

[Seasonal aspects of the oxidative stress in Northeners].

Evaluated were consequences of changes in oxygen demand, bronchial conduction, exercise performance, functioning of antioxidant enzymes and body provision with natural oxidants for the level of free-radical oxidation products in human organism. To this end, a group of essentially healthy young male northerners spending much time outdoors was surveyed over a one-year period. Among the listed parameters oxidation of free radicals was particularly sensitive to seasonal insufficiency of some of the antioxidant enzymes.