[Structural organization of the human masticatory muscle in case of mandible immobilisation].

The data of microscopic, ultramicroscopic and quantitative analyses of the masticatory skeletal muscles were presented of 20 patients with lower jaw's fracture after 3-24 days of splinting. Some manifestations of extensive damages of musculature connected with a specific time span of immobilization and type of muscle fibers. An energy-giving apparatus, presented with mitochondria, a repository of calcium ions, formed with cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum, were significantly changed than contractile apparatus of muscle fibers.

[Morphometric and stereometric analysis of the masticatory muscles in cases of progeny].

The data of microscopic and ultramicroscopric analysis of the muscles of mastication were presented of 12 male patients with progeny. There were determined differentiating peculiarities of muscles fibers of masseter and medial pterygoid in cases of progeny. The results of comperative analysis showed some decreasing of muscular quota and increasing connective tissue's quota; some decreasing muscular fibers' diameters and quantity of blood capillaries; some increasing muscular fibers type I in the muscles of mastication in progeny cases.

[Results of combined surgeries for cancer of the colon complicated with stomach and duodenal fistulas].

Positive results of combined surgeries in locally advanced cancer of the colon complicated with gastric fistula (3 patients) and duodenal fistula (1 patient) are presented. Effective treatment of these patients requires complex examination, good preoperative preparation, perfect anesthetic management, adequate operation and intensive postoperative (including antibacterial) therapy.

[Results of treatment of external intestinal fistulas]. / Rezul'taty lecheniia naruzhnykh kishechnykh svishchei

Results of treatment of 771 patients with external intestinal fistulas were analyzed. Duodenal fistulas were diagnosed in 47 patients, small-intestinal - in 366, large-intestinal - in 329, mixed - in 26, combined - in 3. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 - 341 patients treated from 1983 to 1992, group 2 - 430 patients treated from 1993 to 2002. In group 1 - 294 (86.2%) patients underwent surgery, in group 2 - 405 (94.2%) patients. Differential approach to choice of treatment method, intraaortic therapy before and after surgery, use of developed devices for treatment of non-formed fistulas permitted to improve results of treatment and to reduce lethality from 10.3% in group 1 to 3,3% in group 2.

[Morphological and biochemical changes in red and white muscle fibers in skeletal musculature ischemia]. / Morfobiokhimicheskie izmeneniia v krasnykh i belykh myshechnykh voloknakh pri ihemii skeletnoi muskulatury.

Structural reorganizations of red and white muscular fibres and peculiarities of changes in phosphoinositides in conditions of total ischemia of skeletal musculature were studied. On the whole morphological and biochemical changes were of the same type. However, decrease of phosphoinositides was more significant in white fibres than in red ones. In white muscular fibres deformations concerned myofibrillar apparatus while in red fibres mitochondrial apparatus was damaged.

[The content of phosphoinositides in the biological membranes of different types of muscle fibers]. / Soderzhanie fosfoinozitidov v biologicheskikh membranakh myshechnykh volokin razlichnykh tipov.

The content of phosphoinositids in biomembranes of slow (m.soleus) and fast (m. extensor digitorum longus) twitch muscular fibres (MF) was studied. Biochemical differences in different MF of fast and slow muscles were detected. The content of phosphotidylinosites in plasma membranes, mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes of fast twitch MF was on average 1.28 times higher than in slow ones. The predominance of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphates in fast twitch MF over slow twitch MF was noted. The content of phosphatidylinoitol-3,4,5-triphosphates in plasma membranes, mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes of slow twitch MF was 3, 2.35 and 1.25 times higher than in fast twitch MF. It was found that phosphoinositide content in biomembranes of different type MF was unequal which may be used to improve the expansion of understanding of the role of intracellular mediators in MF phenotype regulation.

[Variants in the course of chronic alcoholic gastritis]. / Varianty techeniia khronicheskogo alkogol'nogo gastrita.

Functional and structural changes in the stomach, vegetative tone, microcirculation, histamine metabolism were studied in 136 male alcoholics. The results allowed the authors to distinguish clinico-pathogenetic variants of chronic alcoholic gastritis which can be used for objective evaluation of the disease severity and serve basis for design of adequate therapy at different stages of the disease progression.

[Retroperitoneosotomy in the surgery of pancreonecrosis]. / Retroperitoneostomiia v khirurgii pankreonekroza.

Extraperitoneal, transperitoneal and combined peritoneostomy was used in 29 patients with acute pancreonecrosis and predominant damage of retroperitoneal fat. The choice of surgical method depended of the volume of damage of pancreas and retroperitoneal fat. The wide opening of necrotized zones of retroperitoneal fat, removal of necrotized tissues and adequate drainage can stop further spreading of suppuration of the retroperitoneal fat. The mortality rate was 6/29 (20.7%).

[Chronic gastritis from the aspect of a thrombohemorrhagic syndrome]. / Khronicheskii gastrit v aspekte trombogemorragicheskogo sindroma.

As many as 148 patients were examined to demonstrate that chronic gastritis (CG) runs its course in the presence of marked changes in microcirculation and hemostasis which go into the framework of the chronic recurrent thrombohemorrhagic syndrome. The manifestations of the latter one were more appreciable in a dramatic exacerbation of the disease, erosive gastritis, diffuse atrophy of the mucous membrane and secretory insufficiency of the stomach, and disease standing over 10 years. The disorders indicated are involved into the pathogenesis of CG and promote the development of morphofunctional alterations in the gastric mucosa.

[The Fakel-7 plasma surgical unit in operations on the bladder (experimental research)]. / Plazmennyi khirurgicheskii kompleks "Fakel-7" pri operatsiiakh na mochevom puzyre (èksperimental'noe issledovanie).

The study was undertaken to examine the effect of plasma flow on the urinary bladder of 15 mongrel dogs in acute and chronic experiments. The acute experiment defined the power of plasma flow in operations on the bladder. Morphological studies comparatively assessed the bladder wall damaged with a CO2 laser. The chronic experiment examined morphological changes in a bladder wound 1-30 days following exposure to plasma flow. The processes of healing of the urinary bladder wound were found to end in formation of a thin connective tissue scar on day 20, as with laser radiation, and be followed by a far less inflammatory reaction within the first 7 days. The application of a Fakel-7 plasma surgical complex as a destructor was admitted to be promising in operatively removing the abnormally changed tissues of the bladder wall in the clinical setting.

[Experimental validation of the use of the masseter muscle in treating paralysis of the mimetic muscles]. / Eksperimental'noe obosnovanie ispol'zovaniia zhevatel'noi myshtsy pri lechenii paralichei mimicheskikh myshts.

In 15 rabbits the distal end of masseter muscle was surgically transposed to perioral region. After 90, 120 and 180 days the altered muscle position and reduction of functional load did not cause its degeneration. Rather, these conditions elicited a functional reordering evidenced by reduction of muscular fibers' cross-sectional area, the number of surrounding capillaries, decrease in the succinate dehydrogenase activity and increase in connective tissue layer.

[Surgical treatment of postoperative ventral hernia using a modification of the Napalkov method]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie posleoperatsionnykh ventral'nykh gryzh modifitsirovannym sposobom N.I. Napalkova.

A new modified method of plasty of practically all sizes of postoperative hernias in different areas of the abdomen has been developed on the basis of N. I. Napalkov's principle which is based on doubling aponeurosis and creating muscular defense of the aponeurotic suture. Clinical experience of the treatment of 125 patients with postoperative ventral hernias shows its use to be promising and expedient for a wide introduction into clinical practice.