[The comparative characteristics of the antibiotic sensitivity of psychrophilic and mesophilic aeromonads]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika antibiotikochuvstvitel'nosti psikhrofil'nykh i mezofil'nykh aéromonad.

The general regularities of the antibiotic susceptibility of psychrophilic and mesophilic aeromonads were determined. The antibioticograms were in general similar. Still, there was observed a higher susceptibility of Aeromonas salmonicida to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and rifampicin, as well as a larger number of strains susceptible to semisynthetic broad spectrum penicillins (ampicillin and carbenicillin) and cephazoline. The susceptibility to aminoglycosides was lower.

[Qualification requirements for physician-bacteriologists]. / Kvalifikatsionnye trebovaniia k vrachu-bakteriologu.

The authors present the qualification requirements to laboratory physicians specialized in bacteriology. The knowledge and skills of a bacteriologist, necessary for his organizations, methodologic, prophylactic, and diagnostic activities, are listed.

[Antibiotic resistance of Shigella isolated in the Kara-Kalpak A.S.S.R. 1987-1988]. / Antibiotikochuvstvitel'nost' shigell, vydelennykh v Karakalpakskoi ASSR v 1987-1988 gg.

Sensitivity of Shigella spp. isolated in one of the hospitals of Nukus within 1987-1988 and earlier in 1977 and 1985 was studied. S. flexneri 1-5 remained the main causative agents of dysentery on the territory. However, beginning from 1987 there were registered cases of dysentery caused by S. dysenteriae 1. The isolates were most sensitive to cefotaxime, cephaloridine, polymyxin B and gentamicin. The majority of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, levomycetin (chloramphenicol) and streptomycin. No significant changes in the sensitivity levels of the strains isolated in 1987-1988 as compared to those isolated in 1985 were observed.

[Drop method of determining micrococcal and staphylococcal sensitivity to egg lysozyme]. / Kapel'nyi metod opredeleniia chuvstvitel'nosti mikrokokkov i streptokokkov k iaichnomu lizotsimu.

Two methods for determination of staphylococcal and micrococcal sensitivity to lysozyme, i.e. the method of serial dilutions in agar and the drop method developed by the authors were compared. The drop method is a modification of the procedure described by Kloos et al. Close correlation between these two methods (r = 0.97 +/- 0.018) was found. The regression curve providing determination of the lysozyme MIC with the drop method was plotted. The drop method is more simple and economical as compared to the method of serial dilutions in agar. It has an advantage in testing sensitivity of single strains.

[Comparative antibiotic sensitivity of different species of staphylococci isolated from humans]. / Sravnitel'naia chuvstvitel'nost' k antibiotikam razlichnykh vidov stafilokokkov, vydelennykh ot liudei

A total of 206 strains of various staphylococcal species isolated from various sources were studied with respect to their sensitivity to 18 antibiotics. The number of strains poly-resistant to the antibiotics was almost the same among Staph. aureus and Staph. epidermidis, i. e. 54.8 and 51.3 per cent respectively. The coagulase-negative and mannitol-negative variants of Staph. aureus and Staph. epidermidis possessing high biological activity (10-14 properties) were resistant to more antibiotics as compared to the low active strains.

[Pigment formation and other biological properties of staphylococci]. / Pigmentoobrazovanie i drugie biologicheskie svoistva stafilokokkov

A comparison was made of the pigment-forming capacity and the enzymatic activity, growth rate, virulence and sensitivity to antibiotics and egg lysozyme in 397 pigment, 203 pigment-free strains of staphylococci and 24 pigment-free Staph aureus mutants. Pigment formation did not always correlate with the general biological activity of the cultures, the rate of their growth and the sensitivity to antibiotics and lysozyme. Pigment-free staphylococcus mutants retained the principal properties of the initial strains (including the virulence and sensitivity to antibiotics and egg lysozyme) more frequently. It is supposed that the marker determining the pigment formation in staphylococci was not connected with the markers determining the most significant pathogenicity properties and also antibiotic resistance.

[Role of the lysozyme-like enzyme of staphylococci in their pathogenicity]. / O znachenii lizotsimopodobnogo fermenta stafilokokkov v ikh patogennosti

Observations of the authors of the present work permit to put forward the following suppositions on the biological significance of the lysozyme sign included into the number of sign-of the staphylococcus pathogenicity: 1) the action of the lysozyme-like enzyme (LLE) as a facs for increasing the permeability of the cell wall and thus promoting the exit of the "pathogenicity enzymes"; 2) its participation in the growth and division of staphylococci, pointing to the differences in the rate of the growth of the cultures forming and nonforming the LLE; 3) participation of the LLE in the microbial antagonism processes--crude LLE (in the form of lipoproteid complex) stipulated the antimicrobial effect against a number of nonpathogenic microbes. None of these hypotheses can be accepted without further investigations, particularly with the purified enzyme.

[Comparative study of the antibiograms as well as serotype and virulence of Ps. aeruginosa cultures]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie antibiogram, a takzhe serotipa i virulentnosti kul'tur Ps. aeruginosa

Seven antibiotics, such as gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, polymyxin M, carbenicillin, tetracycline and rifampicin were studied with respect to their effect on 260 strains of Ps. aeruginosa isolated from various sources within 1945-1971. Gentamycin and polymyxin M proved to be most active in vitro. Carbenicillin showed moderate activity. The sensitivity levels of the cultures of Ps. aeruginosa isolated from various sources within 30 years were identical. Serological typing of 59 cultures of Ps. aeruginosa was performed and their virulence was studied in parallel with their antibiotic sensitivity testing. No correlation between the antibiograms, serotypes and virulence of Ps. aeruginosa was found.