Effects of miR-27a, miR-196a2 and miR-146a polymorphisms on the risk of breast cancer.

Background microRNAs (miRNAs) are potentially involved in many physiopathological processes, including regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and cancer. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes encoding miRNAs can alter their expression and may influence cancer risks. This case-control study explored the relationship between three microRNA polymorphisms (miR-27a, miR-196a2 and miR -146a) and breast cancer (BC). Methods A total of 353 breast cancer cases and 353 controls were genotyped for miR-27a (rs895819), miR-196a2 (rs11614913) and miR -146a (rs2910164). The miR-27a and miR-146a variants were discriminated using a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method, while miR-196a2 were analysed by tetra-primers amplification refractory mutation system PCR. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to estimate associations. Results The CC homozygous genotype of miR-146a (rs2910164) was seen in 45(12.7%) patients with breast cancer and 18(5.1%) controls (OR 4.09 [95%CI 2.19-7.67] p < 0.001). The minor allele G of miR-27a was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer (OR 0.24 [95% CI 0.14-0.42] p < 0.001). The miR-196a2 (rs11614913) was not related to breast cancer (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our data indicate that miR-146a (rs2910164) and miR-27a (rs895819) variants contribute to breast cancer. Further studies in larger populations including other genetic and environmental factors are required to achieve a definitive conclusion.

Nutritional intake, depressive symptoms and vitamin D status in hypertensive patients in the north of Iran: A case-control study / Ingesta nutricional, síntomas de depresión y nivel de vitamina D en pacientes hipertensos del norte de Irán: un estudio de casos y controles

Objective: We investigated vitamin D status, body size, nutritional intake and depression status in hypertensive patients in the north of Iran that have special dietary habit and lifestyle according to their culture and geographical situation. Materials and methods: This study was conducted on 127 patients with newly recognized hypertension and the 120 normal participants, in the north of Iran. Anthropometric data was measured and demographic characteristics, dietary intake, depression and medical status were collected by valid questionnaires. Blood samples were measured for 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Results: Hypertensive patients had significantly lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D than control group (16 ± 8.7 ng/mL vs. 19.8 ± 8.4 ng/mL; P = 0.04). In adjusted model, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D of less than 30 ng/mL was associated with an almost 4-fold odds of hypertension. The odds of hypertension in depressed patients was 1.2 times higher than in those without depression (p = 0.002). After adjusted logistic regression analysis for energy intake, significant association was observed between hypertension and some dietary nutrients, including cholesterol, fiber and vitamin D intake. There was no significant association between hypertension and body weight, waist circumference as well as BMI. Conclusion: The vitamin D status was lower in the most individuals and it causes a considerable increase in the risk of hypertension. Undesirable intake of some nutrients and depression also increase the risk of developing hypertension. Health training about suitable dietary habits, easier access to vitamin D supplementation and screening for depression in patients with hypertension are cost-effective tools to improve outcomes in Iran

Objetivo: Se investigó el nivel de vitamina D, el tamaño corporal, la ingesta nutricional y el estado depresivo en pacientes hipertensos del Norte de Irán con unos hábitos alimenticios y estilo de vida especiales en función de su cultura y localización geográfica. Material y método: El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en el Norte de Irán, con 127 pacientes recién diagnosticados de hipertensión y 120 individuos normales. Se midieron datos antropométricos y características demográficas, ingesta nutricional, depresión y estado médico por medio de cuestionarios válidos. Se analizaron los valores sanguíneos de 25-hidroxivitamina D. Resultados: Los pacientes hipertensos presentaron unos valores significativamente inferiores de 25-hidroxivitamina D que los del grupo de control (16 ± 8,7 ng/ml vs. 19,8 ± 8,4 ng/ml; p = 0,04). En el modelo ajustado los valores de 25-hidroxivitamina D inferiores a 30 ng/ml se asociaron con una probabilidad hasta 4 veces mayor de padecer hipertensión. La probabilidad en los pacientes con depresión fue 1,2 veces más alta que en los pacientes no depresivos (p = 0,002). Después de realizar una regresión logística ajustada y analizar la ingesta energética se apreció una asociación significativa entre la hipertensión y algunos nutrientes alimenticios como el colesterol, la fibra y la ingesta de vitamina D. No existió una asociación significativa entre la hipertensión y el peso corporal, el perímetro de la cintura ni el IMC. Conclusión: Los niveles de vitamina D eran más bajos en la mayoría de individuos, y esto ocasiona un aumento considerable del riesgo de padecer hipertensión. La ingesta inapropiada de algunos nutrientes y la depresión también incrementan el riesgo de hipertensión. La formación sanitaria sobre hábitos alimenticios saludables, un mayor acceso a los suplementos de vitamina D y la detección de la depresión en pacientes hipertensos son herramientas económicamente rentables que mejorarán los resultados en Irán

Nutritional intake, depressive symptoms and vitamin D status in hypertensive patients in the north of Iran: A case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated vitamin D status, body size, nutritional intake and depression status in hypertensive patients in the north of Iran that have special dietary habit and lifestyle according to their culture and geographical situation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on 127 patients with newly recognized hypertension and the 120 normal participants, in the north of Iran. Anthropometric data was measured and demographic characteristics, dietary intake, depression and medical status were collected by valid questionnaires. Blood samples were measured for 25-hydroxyvitamin D. RESULTS: Hypertensive patients had significantly lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D than control group (16±8.7ng/mL vs. 19.8±8.4ng/mL; P=0.04). In adjusted model, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D of less than 30ng/mL was associated with an almost 4-fold odds of hypertension. The odds of hypertension in depressed patients was 1.2 times higher than in those without depression (p=0.002). After adjusted logistic regression analysis for energy intake, significant association was observed between hypertension and some dietary nutrients, including cholesterol, fiber and vitamin D intake. There was no significant association between hypertension and body weight, waist circumference as well as BMI. CONCLUSION: The vitamin D status was lower in the most individuals and it causes a considerable increase in the risk of hypertension. Undesirable intake of some nutrients and depression also increase the risk of developing hypertension. Health training about suitable dietary habits, easier access to vitamin D supplementation and screening for depression in patients with hypertension are cost-effective tools to improve outcomes in Iran.

Reliability and validity of the Persian (Farsi) version of the Risk Perception Survey-Diabetes Mellitus.

Knowledge of patients' risk perceptions is essential for the management of chronic diseases. This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of a Persian (Farsi) language translation of the Risk Perception Survey-Diabetes Mellitus. After forward-backward translation the RPS-DM was randomly administered to 106 adult patients with diabetes who were enrolled in a teaching referral clinic in the north of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Rasht). Internal consistency and exploratory factor analysis were applied. The minimum value for internal consistency was 0.50 for risk knowledge and the highest value was 0.88 on the optimistic bias subscale. Principal component analysis showed that the items of the composite risk score matched with the same items in the English language version, except for question numbers 16, 24 and 25. The Persian version of RPS-DM is the first standardized tool for measuring risk perception and knowledge about diabetes complications in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Reliability and validity of the Persian [Farsi] version of the risk perception survey-diabetes mellitus

Knowledge of patients risk perceptions is essential for the management of chronic diseases.This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of a Persian [Farsi]language translation of the Risk Perception Survey-Diabetes Meilitus.After forward-backward translation the RPS-DM was randomly administered to 106 adult patients with diabetes who were enrolled in a teaching referral clinic in the north of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Rasht]. Internal consistency and exploratory factor analysis were applied.The minimum value for internal consistency was 0.50 for risk knowledge and the highest value was 0.88 on the optimistic bias subscale.Principal component analysis showed that the items of the composite risk score matched with the same items in the English language version, except for question numbers 16, 24 and 25.The Persian version of RPS-DM is the first standardized tool for measuring risk perception and knowledge about diabetes complications in the Islamic Republic of Iran

إن المعارف حول إدراك المرضى للمخاطر ضرورية لمعالجة الأمراض المزمنة. وتهدف هذه الدراسة لتقييم موثوقية وصحة الطبعة المترجمة إلى اللغة الفارسية من مسح إدراك المخاطر - السكري. فبعد جولات ترددت جيئة وذهابا لهذه الطبعة، تم توزيعها عشوائيا على 106 من المرضى البالغين السكريين الذين يداومون في عيادة تعليمية للإحالة في راشت في جمهورية إيران الإسلامية، مع تطبيق تحليل العوامل للاتساق الداخلي والاستقصائي. ووجد الباحثون أن القيمة الدنيا من الاتساق الداخلي كانت 0.50 للمعارف حول المخاطر، وأن القيمة العظمى كانت 0.88 على سلم القياس الفرعي ذي التحيز التفاؤلي. كما أظهر تحليل العناصر الأساسية أن بنود سلم قياس المخاطر المركب يتوافق مع البنود ذاتها في الطبعة الإنكليزية، باستثناء قضية تتعلق بالبنود 16، 24، 25.علما بأن هذه الطبعة الفارسية لمسح إدراك المخاطر - السكري في جمهورية إيران الإسلامية هي أول أداة لقياس الإدراك والمعارف حول مضاعفات السكري في جمهورية إيران الإسلامية

La connaissance de la perception du risque par les patients est essentielle pour la prise en charge des maladies chroniques.La présente étude visait à évaluer la fiabilité et la validité de la version en langue perse [farsi]de l'enquête sur la perception du risque pour le diabète.Après traduction puis rétro-traduction, l'enquête menée a été réalisée aléatoirement auprès de 106 patients adultes atteints de diabète qui avaient été recrutés dans un établissement de soins universitaire spécialisé dans le nord de la République islamique d'Iran [Rasht]. La cohérence interne et l'analyse factorielle exploratoire ont été appliquées.La valeur minimale pour la cohérence interne était de 0, 50 pour les connaissances du risque et la valeur maximale était de 0, 88 sur la sous-échelle du biais d'optimisme.L'analyse des composantes principales a révélé que les items du score du risque composite correspondaient aux mêmes items dans la version en langue anglaise, à l'exception des questions 16, 24 et 25.La version en langue perse de l'enquête est le premier instrument de mesure normalisé de la perception du risque et des connaissances sur les complications du diabète en République islamique d'Iran