ABSTRACT
The development of interventional uroradiologic techniques has had a major impact on the care of the urologic patient by allowing nonoperative treatment of many disease processes. This article will review percutaneous nephrostomy with emphasis on urologic calculi, interventional therapy for neoplasms and trauma of the urinary tract, diagnosis and treatment of renovascular hypertension, and the management of complications following renal transplantation.
Subject(s)
Radiology, Interventional , Urography/methods , Humans , Hypertension, Renovascular/diagnosis , Hypertension, Renovascular/therapy , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis , Kidney Neoplasms/therapy , Kidney Transplantation , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous , Urinary Tract/injuries , Urologic Diseases/diagnosis , Urologic Diseases/therapyABSTRACT
The authors describe an unusual variant of inferior vena cava duplication, with azygos continuation of the right vena cava and hemiazygos continuation of the left vena cava, discovered at cavography in a patient with pulmonary embolism. Following unsuccessful attempts to advance titanium Greenfield filters through tortuous iliac veins, bilateral Bird's Nest filters were placed successfully.
