ABSTRACT
The main objectives of the present work are to determine the clinical effect of niranthin on visceral or somatic inflammatory pain. The study was performed to determine the effects of niranthin on visceral or somatic inflammatory hypersensitivity of adult Swiss albino mice by using complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced pain model. The effect of CFA injection was determined after 24 hours of injection by using an aesthesiometer such as Von Frey filaments to evaluate tactile acetone-evoked cooling and thermal sensitivity. We used a digital Plethysmometer to measure paw edema. Single dose of niranthin intraperitoneal injection (5 & 10 mg/kg) was injected into mice having CFA-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and after 30 minutes of administration, reduced mechanical hypersensitivity was observed. In addition, niranthin also reduced acetone-evoked hypersensitivity within 4 hours. Compared to DMSO, niranthin was most highly active to reduce CFA-induced paw edema. To reduce mechanical hypersensitivity, multiple doses of niranthin (bis in die (b.i.d.)) from 1st - 5th day and b.i.d. day 9th and 10th) were given and remarkable results were observed such as did not cause tolerance in multiple dosing and significantly reduced in CFA induced hypersensitivity. This work reported niranthin having antinociceptive activity and indicated that niranthin is conventionally active in the management of persistent pain.
ABSTRACT
Anxiety is an unpleasant state, which can critically decrease the quality of life is often accompanied by nervous behaviour and rumination. Niranthin is a lignan isolated from various Phyllanthus sources. The literature survey on niranthin highlights wide ranges of the therapeutic potentials. In a present study, based on our previous investigations, we evaluated pure, isolated and characterized niranthin as an anxiolytic agent. The niranthin [6-[(2R,3R)-3-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)butyl]-4-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole] was purchased from commercial source and further subjected for assessment of its anxiolytic potentials using popular animal models including Elevated plus-maze model/test (EPM) and Light & Dark Exploration test (L&D). GABA-A receptor mediation was evaluated by pretreating the mice with the GABA-A receptor antagonist Flumazenil before the EPM task. Molecular docking simulation studies (pdb id: 4COF) carried out by Vlife QSAR software showed that niranthin (docking score: - 62.1714 kcal/mol) have shown comparatively best docking score compared to the standard drug Diazepam (docking score: - 63.1568 kcal/mol). To conclude, Niranthin has probable potential in the management of anxiety disorder. Our in-silico and in-vivo analysis (indirectly) indicated the plausible role of GABA mediation for anxiolytic activity. Although, these studies are preliminary, future in depth experimental explorations will be required to use Niranthin as anti-anxiety drug in near future.
