ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There are no studies investigating the relationship between cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and nasal passage findings and vertical facial development. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between nasal cavity anatomy and vertical development of patients. METHODS: A total of 60 CBCTs were examined, and Class I malocclusion individuals were divided into two groups (30 each) according to vertical facial development. All nasal cavity findings were recorded in the study. Vertical facial development, nasal septum, nasal cavity width, thickness and angle were evaluated. Mann-Whitney U Test was used, and Student's t test was used for the comparison of two groups with normal distribution. Significance was evaluated at p<0.01 and p<0.05 levels. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed a relationship between vertical facial development and nasal cavity findings. Nasal septum deviation was mild to moderate in the hyperdivergent group, while septal deviation was absent in the hypodivergent group. A statistically significant difference was found in the width, distance (x-y) and angle of the nasal cavity from the hyperdivergent group in Class I vertical subgroups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: When compared between low-angle and high-angle groups, statistically significant differences were observed in anterior face height, nasal passage angle, and distance between the outermost points of the nasal cavity.
ABSTRACT
SUMMARY: Paramolar tubercle (PT) is an additional cusp occuring on buccal surface of both upper and lower permanent molars. PT is also known as parastyle when tubercle is present in upper molars, as protostylid when tubercle is present in lower molars. The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence of PTs in Turkish population with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Presence of PT in molar teeth were evaluated retrospectively using CBCT images of 210 patients (102 male, 108 female) between 18-77 years old. A total of 909 teeth were analyzed. Because of various reasons some teeth were excluded and final analyze was done with 653 teeth. Prevalence of PT was found as 2.76 % (18 out of 653). Highest frequency of PT was detected 5 in #27, 4 in #17, 2 in #48 among all molar teeth respectively. In two cases; 2 PTs were on the same tooth, bilateral PT was found only in one case. PT was undetected on upper first molars. Prevalence of PTs on permanent molars is a rare phenomenon in the studied population. Use of CBCT in such anatomic variations will provide valuable and detailed information during treatment modalities. Since this pilot study represents Turkish subpopulation, comprehensive studies with increased number of cases should be undertaken to clarify the prevalence of paramolars in Turkish population. Advanced imaging techniques like CBCT will be more helpful in understanding and detecting exact morphological and anatomical variations of PTs during treatment modalities.
RESUMEN: El tubérculo paramolar (TP) es una cúspide adicional que está en la superficie vestibular de los molares permanentes superiores e inferiores. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la predisposición de TP en la población turca con tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC). Presencia de TP en dientes molares se evaluaron retrospectivamente utilizando imágenes de tomografia de 210 pacientes (102 hombres, 108 mujeres) entre 18-77 años de edad. Se analizó un total de 909 dientes. Por varias razones, algunos dientes fueron excluídos y el análisis final se realizó con 653 dientes. Prevalencia de PTP se encontró en el 2,76 % (18 dientes de 653). La frecuencia más alta de TP se detectó: 5 en # 27, 4 en # 17, 2 en # 48, entre todos los dientes molares, respectivamente. En dos casos, 2 de los TP fueron observados en el mismo diente; TP bilateral sólo se encontró en un caso. El TP no fue detectado en los primeros molares superiores. La prevalencia de TP en los molares permanentes es un fenómeno poco frecuente en la población estudiada. El uso de la TCHC en tales variaciones anatómicas, proporcionará información valiosa y detallada para definir la aplicación de diferentes modalidades de tratamiento. Dado que este estudio piloto representa a una subpoblación turca, estudios exhaustivos con un mayor número de casos deben llevarse a cabo para determinar la prevalencia en la población turca total. Técnicas avanzadas de imagen como TCHC serán más útiles para detectar variaciones morfológicas y anatómicas exactas de TP durante diversas modalidades de tratamiento.
