ABSTRACT
AlaskOmega® Omega 7 500, also known as Omega7 fatty acid or 7MEGA™, is a highly concentrated palmitoleic acid (C16:1). Little is known about how 7MEGA regulates skin inflammation and wrinkle formation in cultured skin cells. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 7MEGA on the expression of cyclooxygenase2 (COX2), matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)1/3 and type 1 procollagen, which are markers of skin inflammation and wrinkle formation, in ultraviolet B (UVB)irradiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and keratinocytes (HaCaT). No toxicity was observed upon treatment of HDFs and HaCaT cells with 0.52.5 µl/ml 7MEGA. The exposure of HaCaT cells to 10 mJ/cm2 UVB for 6 h resulted in increased protein and/or mRNA expression of COX2 and MMP3. Treatment of HaCaT cells with 2.5 µl/ml 7MEGA suppressed the UVBinduced expression of COX2 and MMP3 in these cells. In addition, treatment with 2.5 µl/ml 7MEGA attenuated the UVBinduced expression and phosphorylation levels of cFos and cJun, two components of the activator protein1 (AP1) transcription factor, in HaCaT cells. Exposure of HDFs to 60 mJ/cm2 UVB for 6 h significantly decreased the expression of type 1 procollagen protein, whereas treatment with 2.5 µl/ml 7MEGA partially reversed the effects of UVB on the expression of type 1 procollagen protein. These results demonstrated for the first time that 7MEGA regulated the expression of COX2, MMP3 and type 1 procollagen in UVBirradiated skin cells. The present study suggested that 7MEGA may serve as a novel agent against UVBinduced skin inflammation and damage.
Subject(s)
Collagen Type I/biosynthesis , Cyclooxygenase 2/biosynthesis , Dermis/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/pharmacology , Fibroblasts/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation , Keratinocytes/metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/biosynthesis , Ultraviolet Rays , Cell Line , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Gene Expression Regulation/radiation effects , HumansABSTRACT
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) have been widely used as antidepressants. Recently, there has been renewed interest in MAO inhibitors. The activity-guided fractionation of extracts from Angelica keiskei Koidzumi (A. keiskei K.) led to the isolation of two prenylated chalcones, xanthoangelol and 4-hydroxyderricin and a flavonoid, cynaroside. These three isolated compounds are the major active ingredients of A. keiskei K. to inhibit the MAOs and DBH activities. Xanthoangelol is a nonselective MAO inhibitor, and a potent dopamine ß-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor. IC50 values of xanthoangelol to MAO-A and MAO-B were calculated to be 43.4 µM, and 43.9 µM. These values were very similar to iproniazid, which is a nonselective MAO inhibitor used as a drug against depression. The IC50 values of iproniazid were 37 µM, and 42.5 µM in our parallel examination. Moreover, IC50 value of xanthoangelol to DBH was calculated 0.52 µM. 4-Hydroxyderricin is a potent selective MAO-B inhibitor and also mildly inhibits DBH activity. The IC50 value of 4-hydroxyderricin to MAO-B was calculated to be 3.43 µM and this value was higher than that of deprenyl (0.046 µM) used as a positive control for selective MAO-B inhibitor in our test. Cynaroside is a most potent DBH inhibitor. The IC50 value of cynaroside to DBH was calculated at 0.0410 µM. Results of this study suggest that the two prenylated chalcones, xanthoangelol and 4-hydroxyderricin isolated from A. keiskei K., are expected for potent candidates for development of combined antidepressant drug. A. keiskei K. will be an excellent new bio-functional food material that has the combined antidepressant effect.
