South-Asian population has a higher likelihood for diabetes risk for statins regardless of potency.

Higher potency statins are associated with increased risk of new-onset diabetes (NOD) in Western populations. South-Asians phenotype, with certain unique features such as young onset of diabetes and lower threshold for diabetes risk factors, present a higher likelihood for NOD risk for statins regardless of potency.

Systemic review on drug related hospital admissions - A pubmed based search.

BACKGROUND: Drug related admissions have significantly increased over the past few decades. According to various studies on drug related hospital admissions, it was estimated that around 5-10% of hospital admissions were due to drug related problems (DRP), in which 50% of them are avoidable. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to derive results from various studies conducted on drug related hospital admissions and have an overall view about the incidence, frequency, cost of treatment, major causative drugs, problems for drug related hospital admissions, and preventable drug related admissions and summarize the factors responsible for the occurrence of DRP. METHOD: Relevant literatures related to 'drug related hospital admissions' were obtained from PubMed database. Articles that were published from October 2007 to September 2012 were collected. All the studies being shown in the search results were considered for the study irrespective of the specialty department. RESULTS: A total of 366 articles were found based on the keyword 'drug related hospital admission', 'drug related problem admission', and 'adverse drug event admissions' search. Out of which 49 articles were identified to be showing relevance to the study. Non-English, abstract-only articles, and out-patient adverse drug reaction (ADR) studies were filtered from 49 articles. Finally 15 articles were taken up for the study. Systemic analysis was made on these articles and the results were summarized. CONCLUSION: Most of DRP studies were retrospective, multicenter studies conducted in general populations in Europe. The main objective of the studies was to estimate DRP frequency, incidence, risk factors and trends of DRP hospital admissions. Anti-neoplastic agents, CVS drugs and CNS drugs were related to most of the drug related problems. These studies concluded polypharmacy and older age were the major risk factors for developing drug related problems. It was found that the cost for the management of DRP was directly proportional to severity.

Topical application/formulation of probiotics: will it be a novel treatment approach for diabetic foot ulcer?

Treatment of chronic conditions like diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is challenging due to increased susceptibility for infection and delayed wound healing. Complexity of existing therapy, adverse effects and microbial resistance emphasizes the need of an alternative approach for the management of DFU. The increasing body of evidence associated with probiotic application in diverse disease states merits its use in wound healing and infection too. Different probiotic strains have shown their efficacy in various infections like gut infections, oral infections and urogenital infections. Experimental studies have demonstrated probiotics' ability for gastric ulcer healing. Underlying mechanism of the above therapeutic effects of probiotics involves modulation of local and systemic immunity. The hypothesis is based on the concept that mechanism of anti-infective and ulcer healing action of probiotics will be similar in peripheral wounds and ulcers as on any other part of the body. This paper focuses on the hypothesis that topical applications/formulation of probiotics may be effective for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.

Migraine management: How do the adult and paediatric migraines differ?

Migraine is one of the common causes of severe and recurring headache. It may be difficult to manage in primary care settings, where it is under diagnosed and medically treated. Migraine can occur in children as well as in adults and it is three times more common in women than in men. Migraine in children is different from adults in various ways. Migraine management depends on the various factors like duration and severity of pain, associated symptoms, degree of disability, and initial response to treatment. The therapy of children and adolescents with migraines includes treatment modalities for acute attacks, prophylactic medications when the attacks are frequent, and biobehavioural modes of treatment to aid long-term management of the disorder. The long lasting outcome of childhood headaches and progression into adult headaches remains largely unknown. However, it has been suggested that adult migraine may represent a progressive disorder. In children, the progressive nature is uncertain and further investigations into longitudinal outcome and phenotypic changes in childhood headaches have yet to be recognized. Even though paediatric and adult migraines seem to be slightly different from one another, but not enough to categorize either as sole.

Study on drug related hospital admissions in a tertiary care hospital in South India.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Accidental and intentional poisonings or drug overdoses constitute a significant source of aggregate morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure. Studies evaluating drug related hospitalization have estimated that approximately 5-10% of all hospital admissions are drug related. The present study was carried out to investigate type, nature and incidence of drug related admissions in our hospital settings. METHOD: A hospital based retrospective study was conducted in 575 cases of drug related admissions. The case records of patients admitted in various clinical departments of Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS) Hospital during last 8 years (January 2002-December 2009) were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: During the retrospective study, the total number of drug related cases reported were 575. Out of these, 35.5% cases were induced by central nervous system (CNS) drugs, 19.8% were by cardiovascular system (CVS) drugs, 12.3% were by NSAIDs, 11.3% were by antibiotics and 9.9% were by anticoagulants, 11.3% by other drugs which includes hormones, cytotoxic drugs, hypolipidemics, etc. Four hundred and forty cases were admitted to emergency department. Common drug related problems resulting in hospital visits were due to intentional, accidental and overdose. The incidence of drug related hospital admissions was found to be 0.20%. CONCLUSION: The most of the accidental and suicidal cases were reported are by CNS drugs. Psychiatric patients intentionally taking medicines as suicidal attempt and as a part of their illness. As drug related problems are so significant, increased awareness and enhanced collaborative efforts among patients, physicians, pharmacists and caregivers within community and hospital have the potential to minimize the impact of this problem.