ABSTRACT
Glioblastoma (GBM) is notorious for malignant neovascularization that contributes to undesirable outcome. However, its mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to identify prognostic angiogenesis-related genes and the potential regulatory mechanisms in GBM. RNA-sequencing data of 173 GBM patients were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially transcription factors (DETFs), and reverse phase protein array (RPPA) chips. Differentially expressed genes from angiogenesis-related gene set were extracted for univariate Cox regression analysis to identify prognostic differentially expressed angiogenesis-related genes (PDEARGs). A risk predicting model was constructed based on 9 PDEARGs, namely MARK1, ITGA5, NMD3, HEY1, COL6A1, DKK3, SERPINA5, NRP1, PLK2, ANXA1, SLIT2, and PDPN. Glioblastoma patients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups according to their risk scores. GSEA and GSVA were applied to explore the possible underlying GBM angiogenesis-related pathways. CIBERSORT was employed to identify immune infiltrates in GBM. The Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations among DETFs, PDEARGs, immune cells/functions, RPPA chips, and pathways. A regulatory network centered by three PDEARGs (ANXA1, COL6A1, and PDPN) was constructed to show the potential regulatory mechanisms. External cohort of 95 GBM patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay demonstrated that ANXA1, COL6A1, and PDPN were significantly upregulated in tumor tissues of high-risk GBM patients. Single-cell RNA sequencing also validated malignant cells expressed high levels of the ANXA1, COL6A1, PDPN, and key DETF (WWTR1). Our PDEARG-based risk prediction model and regulatory network identified prognostic biomarkers and provided valuable insight into future studies on angiogenesis in GBM.
Subject(s)
Glioblastoma , Humans , Glioblastoma/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Prognosis , RNA , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
Taking coal under hydro-mechanical coupling as the research object, the discrete element software PFC3D (particle flow code) was used to analyze the relationships among the force, acoustic emission (AE), and energy during coal fracture. Based on the moment tensor (MT) inversion, we revealed the AE event distribution and source type during crack initiation and propagation until the final failure of coal. Meanwhile, we examined the relationships among the stress, number and type of cracks, magnitude, KE, and b value of AE under different water and confining pressures. The results show that the numerical simulation can effectively determine the microscopic damage mechanism of coal under different conditions. Moreover, the rupture type of the numerical simulation is consistent with the field investigations, which verifies the rationality of the simulation. These research results can provide reference for safety production evaluation of water inrush mines.
ABSTRACT
In this work, hierarchical architecture MoS2/CNT nanohybrids synthesized by the hydrothermal method, with different CNT proportions are systematically investigated for their microwave absorption. MoS2 nanoflowers are anchored uniformly on the surface of a CNT when the proportion of the MoS2/CNT nanohybrids was 10:2, and the reflection loss can attain -20 dB in the range of 3.4-13.9 GHz with multiple thicknesses from 1.5-5.0 mm, while an optimal consequence of -46 dB can be reached at 6.6 GHz at 2.9 mm. The excellent performance indicates that the MoS2/CNT = 10:2 nanohybrids have the potential for use as microwave absorbing materials.
