[VOCs and Odors Control and Development in Pharmaceutical Fermentation Industry].

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odors, which pose potential hazards to human health and the ecosystem, are two of the most important pollutants emitted from the pharmaceutical fermentation industry. Currently, basic research on the characteristics of the pollution and effective prevention technology for VOCs and odors emitted from the pharmaceutical fermentation industry are limited. Specifically, the pharmaceutical fermentation industry lacks adequate theoretical guidance on the supervision and control of VOCs and odors, and some companies even face relocations. Using the pharmaceutical fermentation industry as the study object, the pollution characteristics of VOCs and odors emitted from different production workshops, sewage treatment stations, and the disposal of pharmaceutical residues were assessed. Based on the studies above, the progress of research into representative control technologies were also reviewed systematically. For VOCs and odors control in the pharmaceutical fermentation industry, four suggestions for future research were proposed:① The production processes should be optimized, and the discharge of pollution should be reduced throughout the entire processes; ② Basic research should be carried out on the pollution characteristics of the VOCs and odors emitted from the pharmaceutical fermentation industry, and a rapid and effective method to trace the sources of VOCs and odors should be established; ③ A comprehensive evaluation of control technologies should be conducted, taking cost and efficiency into account; ④ Emission standards and technical orders for VOCs and odors in the pharmaceutical fermentation industry should be formulated and implemented immediately.

[Clinical characteristics of borderline ovarian tumors and stage I epithelial ovarian cancer: an analysis of 143 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical pathological characteristics and high risk factors for borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) and stage I epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS: A total of 91 patients with BOT and 52 patients with stage IEOC who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital from November 2002 to May 2010 were recruited in this study. The patients' clinical characteristics were reviewed respectively and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The women in BOT group were significantly younger than those in EOC group (41.16 ± 14.95 vs. 50.90 ± 14.37,P<0.01). Compared with women with BOT, women with EOC were more likely to be post-menopausal(42.3% vs. 23.1%,P=0.016) and more with family history of malignant tumors (26.9% vs. 13.2%,P=0.04).There were no significant differences in the size of tumors and the serum level of tumor markers. But the size of solid portion of the tumor of EOC was significantly larger than that of BOT(P<0.01). The extent of the increase of CP2 among the patients with EOC was higher than that among the patients with BOT(256.99 vs. 116.59, P=0.028). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in tumors' histopathological type(P<0.01). The serous and mucous tumors were more common in EOC group (90.1%, 82/91). In contrary, endometrioid, clear cells and mixed epithelial cancers were more common in EOC group than serous and mucous cancers (44.2%, 23/52). CONCLUSION: Although the clinical presentation of patients with stage I EOC was similar to that of those with BOT, there were significant differences in the patients' age, post-menopausal or not, family history of malignant tumors, size of solid portion of tumors, extent of the increase of the tumor biomarker, especially of CP2 and tumors histopathological type. These clinicopathological characteristics might be helpful for us to make different diagnosis.