ABSTRACT
To explore the effective ingredients and mechanism of Ligusticum wallichii in treating brain ischemia. Four brain ischemia-related target proteins were selected in the joint screening for the 45 component in L. wallichii reported in literatures based on molecular docking by reference to the corresponding drugs in the market. According to the docking results, multiple components in L. wallichii, such as phthalides, were superior to the corresponding drugs in the market, suggesting that they may be the major effective components in L. wallichii for treating brain ischemia. The method can be used to study the material base and molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines.
Subject(s)
Brain Ischemia/drug therapy , Ligusticum/chemistry , Molecular Docking Simulation , Phytotherapy , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/antagonists & inhibitors , Peroxidase/antagonists & inhibitors , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitorsABSTRACT
To establish a phenylketonuria screening model by FTIR/ATR spectroscopy, and to compare the effects of different pretreatment methods, such as baseline correction, smoothing, derivation, Fourier deconvolution, on the model quality. A consensus partial least squares regression method (cPLS) was used to build the quantitative model of phenylalanine in dried blood spots. The effects of different pretreatment methods on the model performance were investigated, using the correlation coefficient (r), root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), mean relative error (MRE) and predictive accuracy (Acc). The nine-point smoothing coupled with the first differential was found to perform the best. Compared with the model by the original spectra, its r, RMSEP, MRE and Acc were improved from 0. 822 7, 115. 8, 0. 395 and 94. 6 to 0. 889 9, 102. 2, 0. 286 and 100, respectively. With the advantages of fast speed, easy process, no reagents consumption and environmental protection, the present method is expected to become a simple and green technology for rapidly screening the neonatal phenylketonuria in a large population.
Subject(s)
Phenylketonurias/diagnosis , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Least-Squares Analysis , Neonatal Screening , Regression AnalysisABSTRACT
Action mechanism and material base of compound Danshen dripping pills in treatment of carotid atherosclerosis were discussed based on gene expression profile and molecular fingerprint in this paper. First, gene expression profiles of atherosclerotic carotid artery tissues and histologically normal tissues in human body were collected, and were screened using significance analysis of microarray (SAM) to screen out differential gene expressions; then differential genes were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and KEGG pathway analysis; to avoid some genes with non-outstanding differential expression but biologically importance, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed, and 7 chemical ingredients with higher negative enrichment score were obtained by Cmap method, implying that they could reversely regulate the gene expression profiles of pathological tissues; and last, based on the hypotheses that similar structures have similar activities, 336 ingredients of compound Danshen dripping pills were compared with 7 drug molecules in 2D molecular fingerprints method. The results showed that 147 differential genes including 60 up-regulated genes and 87 down regulated genes were screened out by SAM. And in GO analysis, Biological Process ( BP) is mainly concerned with biological adhesion, response to wounding and inflammatory response; Cellular Component (CC) is mainly concerned with extracellular region, extracellular space and plasma membrane; while Molecular Function (MF) is mainly concerned with antigen binding, metalloendopeptidase activity and peptide binding. KEGG pathway analysis is mainly concerned with JAK-STAT, RIG-I like receptor and PPAR signaling pathway. There were 10 compounds, such as hexadecane, with Tanimoto coefficients greater than 0.85, which implied that they may be the active ingredients (AIs) of compound Danshen dripping pills in treatment of carotid atherosclerosis (CAs). The present method can be applied to the research on material base and molecular action mechanism of TCM.
Subject(s)
Carotid Artery Diseases/drug therapy , Carotid Artery Diseases/genetics , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage , Salvia miltiorrhiza/chemistry , Carotid Artery Diseases/metabolism , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Humans , Signal Transduction/drug effectsABSTRACT
To collect small molecule drugs and their drug target data such as enzymes, ion channels, G-protein-coupled receptors and nuclear receptors from KEGG database as the training sets, in order to establish drug-target interaction models based on the random forest algorithm. The accuracies of the models were evaluated by the 10-fold cross-validation test, showing that the predicted success rates of the four drug target models were 71.34%, 67.08%, 73.17% and 67.83%, respectively. The models were adopted to predict the targets of 26 chemical components and establish the compound-target-disease network. The results were well verified by literatures. The models established in this paper are highly accurate, and can be used to discover potential targets in other traditional Chinese medicine ingredients.
