ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the pancreatic morphology and clinical characteristics to predict risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: A total of 89 patients (T2DM group) and 68 healthy controls (HC group) were included. The T2DM group was divided into a long-term T2DM group and a short-term T2DM group according to whether the illness duration was more than 5 years. The clinical characteristics were collected, including sex, age, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and lipoproteins. The pancreatic morphological characteristics, including the diameters of the pancreatic head, neck, body, and tail, the angle of the pancreaticobiliary junction (APJ), and the types of pancreaticobiliary junction were measured. The risk prediction model was established by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In the long-term T2DM group, the pancreatic diameters were smaller than the other two groups. In the short-term T2DM group, the diameters of the pancreatic tail and body were smaller than the HC group. The APJ, very low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels in the two T2DM groups were greater than the HC group, and the APJ of the short-term T2DM group was smaller than the long-term T2DM group. Pancreatic diameters showed a negative correlation with illness duration. Logistic regression analysis revealed pancreatic body diameter was a protective factor, and APJ was a risk factor for T2DM. Prediction model accuracy was 90.20%. CONCLUSIONS: The morphology of the pancreas is helpful to predict the risk of the onset of T2DM. The risk of onset of T2DM increases with smaller pancreatic body diameter and higher APJ.
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