ABSTRACT
A new strain FS3 which could achieve an efficient bioconversion of raw corn stalk to hydrogen had been isolated from anaerobic acclimated sludge, and identified as Clostridium butyricum on the basis of a series of physiological and biochemical experiments and 16S rDNA gene sequence. The strain could utilize various carbon sources to produce hydrogen. On the basis of single-factor experiments, the response surface methodology (RSM) was performed to optimize the media for hydrogen production. The maximum hydrogen yield of 92.9ml/g was observed under the optimal conditions: 20g/l raw corn stalk, 1.76g/l NH4HCO3, 0.91g/l KH2PO4 and 10.4ml/l nutrient solution. This finding opens a new avenue for direct conversion of raw cellulosic biomass to bio-hydrogen.
Subject(s)
Clostridium/metabolism , Hydrogen/metabolism , Waste Products , Zea mays/chemistry , Bicarbonates/pharmacology , Biomass , Carbon/pharmacology , Cellulose/metabolism , Clostridium/drug effects , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Phosphates/pharmacology , Potassium Compounds/pharmacology , Regression Analysis , SolutionsABSTRACT
Degenerate PCR is introduced in this paper, including what is degenerate PCR, how to design degenerate primers, how to optimize degenerate PCR parameters, how to applying degenerate PCR to obtain full-length gene and which fields can apply degenerate PCR. The limits and recent advances of degenerate PCR are also discussed. Based on this introduction,strategies of gene cloning and applications of degenerate PCR in gene cloning are summarized in brief. Degenerate PCR is a very useful tool for searching and discovering new genes and new members of a protein family.
