ABSTRACT
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health challenge with increasing incidence and mortality rates in developing countries. Genome-wide association studies have identified new low-penetrance genetic variants linked to CRC. This study aimed to explore the relationship between HLA-G polymorphism and serum expression with CRC. Methodology: In a case-control configuration, standard PCR was used for genotyping HLA-G 3' indel polymorphism and ELISA for quantifying soluble HLA-G in plasma. Results: The study revealed a significant association between the rs371194629 deletion allele and CRC, as well as higher soluble HLA-G levels in CRC patients. Conclusion: These findings suggest that HLA-G could be a promising biomarker for CRC, and further research could lead to improved screening and treatment for more personalized care.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious type of cancer that affects the colon or rectum and is a big problem worldwide. Scientists in this study wanted to see how a specific gene change might be linked to CRC. They compared the genes of people with CRC with those without the disease. They also checked for a protein called soluble HLA-G in their blood. The results showed that a certain form of the gene change, called rs371194629, was connected to a higher risk of getting CRC. They also found higher levels of the protein HLA-G in people with CRC. This suggests that HLA-G could be a helpful sign to show if someone has CRC. Doctors might use it to find the disease earlier and give better treatments, but more research is needed to be sure and to see how useful HLA-G could be in managing CRC.
ABSTRACT
Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) can simulate yolk sac tumor if the location is ovarian. In this case, the morphological distinction between these tumors is often difficult, but immunohistochemistry, the determination of CA125, of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and the response to chemotherapy are particularly useful for solving this differential diagnosis problem. Endometrial and vaginal localization is even rare and appears to be related to distilbene uptake for vaginal localization. Whatever the gynecological location, CCC seems to have a poor prognosis. We report 5 cases of gynecological CCC including 1 case of vaginal carcinoma, 1 case of endometrial carcinoma and 3 cases of ovarian carcinoma. The definitive pathological examination concluded with the CCC diagnosis for all cases. Our purpose is to report these rare cases, their diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic management.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/diagnosis , Endodermal Sinus Tumor/diagnosis , Genital Neoplasms, Female/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/therapy , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , CA-125 Antigen/analysis , Diagnosis, Differential , Endodermal Sinus Tumor/pathology , Female , Genital Neoplasms, Female/pathology , Genital Neoplasms, Female/therapy , Humans , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Young Adult , alpha-Fetoproteins/analysisABSTRACT
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the rectum is a rare disease. A 59-year-old man presented with SCC of the middle rectum located 10 cm from the anus. The stage of the tumor was revealed to be T3N+M0. The patient received a combined treatment with cisplatin and fluorouracil in concomitance with external radiation therapy. He then underwent an anterior resection of the rectum. The postoperative histopathological findings classified the tumor as ypT0N0 with cancer-free margins and lymph nodes. Treatment of SCC remains very challenging, and the acquisition of more consistent data is needed.
