Subject(s)
Neurodegenerative Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Diagnostic Imaging/trends , Dihydroxyphenylalanine/chemistry , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/trends , Neurodegenerative Diseases/diagnosis , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Positron-Emission Tomography/trendsABSTRACT
Increasing interest and research efforts have been made in search of specific radiolabelled probes for imaging different immune cells (including T-lymphocytes) in inflammation and infection. This has led to early detection of lymphocyte infiltration, and the deepening of our understanding of pathogenesis of immune mediated diseases. In-vivo imaging of T-lymphocytes with radiolabelled specific probes may provide an important piece of information about inflammatory lesions, which could be very important to understand the molecular mechanism of action of any drug and/or their effect on the microenvironment of the immune system of the body. The present review focuses on radiolabelled T-lymphocytes and different monoclonal antibodies, peptides, cytokines, chemokine used for scintigraphic imaging of T-lymphocytes and their subsets.
Subject(s)
Cell Tracking/methods , Inflammation/diagnostic imaging , Inflammation/immunology , Radiopharmaceuticals , T-Lymphocytes/diagnostic imaging , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Animals , Humans , Inflammation/pathology , Radiopharmaceuticals/immunologyABSTRACT
Acute and chronic forms of inflammation may occur years before the onset of specific symptoms, on which the clinical diagnosis can be settled, and may last for years after the clinical diagnosis and the onset of treatment. Therefore, to develop a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool several novel molecules/ receptors identified and new antibodies have been radiolabelled with different radionuclides, as per their need for diagnosis or therapy. Cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules are markers on the cell surface used to identify the cell type, stage of differentiation and activity of a cell. These CD markers are recognized by specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). These radiolabelled mAbs bind to their targets with high affinity and specificity and consequently have an excellent diagnostic and/ or therapeutic potential. In the last two decades, the radiolabelled mAbs have demonstrated its significant impact on diagnosis and radioimmunotherapy. In this review article, we will discuss different possible targets for T and B cells and their radiolabelled mAbs for molecular imaging and radioimmunotherapy.
