ABSTRACT
Primary cutaneous gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma (PCGD-TCL) is a rare disorder, constituting less than 1% of primary cutaneous lymphomas. Most cases occur in adults and may present as plaques or nodules with ulceration. Here we describe an unusual case of PCGD-TCL in a 3-year-old boy who presented with asymptomatic subcutaneous nodules. To our knowledge, this report represents one of the youngest reported patients with gamma-delta lymphoma/lymphoproliferative disorder. In addition, our patient has an indolent clinical presentation with greater than 1 year clinical follow-up. Because gamma-delta T-cell lymphomas are exceedingly rare in children, we acknowledge that the clinical course/outcome in young patients is still unclear. We hope to add to the recognition that PCGD-TCLs demonstrate a wide clinical spectrum of disease with relatively indolent presentations in some cases.
Subject(s)
CD3 Complex/analysis , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/chemistry , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/pathology , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/analysis , Skin Neoplasms/chemistry , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Poly(A)-Binding Proteins/analysis , Rare Diseases/metabolism , Rare Diseases/pathology , T-Cell Intracellular Antigen-1Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use , Dacarbazine/analogs & derivatives , Genes, ras/genetics , Melanoma/genetics , Mutation , Skin Neoplasms/genetics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Dacarbazine/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Male , Melanoma/drug therapy , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy , TemozolomideABSTRACT
Nodal status in melanoma is a critically important prognostic factor for patient outcome. The survival rate drops to <10% when melanoma has spread beyond the regional lymph nodes and includes visceral involvement. In general, the process of melanoma metastasis is progressive in that dissemination of melanoma from the primary site to the regional lymph nodes occurs prior to systemic disease. The goal of this review article is to describe melanoma as a clinical model to study cancer metastasis. A future challenge is to develop a molecular taxonomy to subgroup melanoma patients at various stages of tumor progression for more accurate targeted treatment.
Subject(s)
Melanoma/pathology , Melanoma/secondary , Neoplasm Staging , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Humans , Immunotherapy/methods , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Melanoma/therapy , Models, Biological , Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods , Prognosis , Skin Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
A 72-year-old man developed a primary cutaneous cryptococcal skin infection on the right forearm, which was responsive to oral fluconazole 400 mg per day. After 16 weeks of treatment, the skin lesion completely resolved without any residual scarring.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Cryptococcosis/drug therapy , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Skin Diseases/drug therapy , Aged , Hawaii , Humans , Male , Skin Diseases/microbiologyABSTRACT
A study was conducted to determine whether a single 400-mg dose of oral celecoxib administered 30 min before surgery reduces the opioid requirement for patients undergoing aesthetic subpectoral breast augmentation. A total of 695 patients undergoing breast augmentation were randomly selected into either a placebo or a treatment group. The findings showed that patients who received 400 mg of celecoxib 30 min before surgery required significantly fewer opioid analgesics after the operation than those given a placebo (p < 0.001). It also was found that nonsmokers and multiparous women required significantly fewer opioids than smokers and nulliparous women (p < 0.001). On the basis of this prospective study, the authors recommend a single 400-mg dose of celecoxib administered 30 min before surgery to decrease opioid analgesic requirements after subpectoral breast augmentation.
