ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To comparatively evaluate ICU requirement, length of stay, and mortality between single-dose vaccinated and non-vaccinated hospitalized COVID-19 patients. DESIGN: A retrospective observational study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in western Indian, from April 1 to June 30, 2021. RESULTS: Of the 569 patients who fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were enrolled in the study, 137 (24.08%) patients had received a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, while 432 (75.92%) patients had not received any form of vaccination. The overall length of stay in hospital was similar for both groups; however, a significant difference was seen in length of stay in the ward and in the ICU. Vaccinated patients were admitted to the ward for 6.21 ± 3.204 days, while non-vaccinated patients were admitted for 5.56 ± 4.55 days (p < 0.001). The mean length of ICU stay for the 21 vaccinated patients requiring intensive care was 4.47 ± 2.3 days, while that for the 145 non-vaccinated patients was 6.29 ± 2.19 days (p < 0.001). Mortality was observed in four patients in the vaccinated group and in 95 patients in the non-vaccinated group. CONCLUSION: A single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine was associated with a significantly lower severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with no vaccination.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 , COVID-19 Vaccines , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Length of Stay , Observational Studies as Topic , SARS-CoV-2 , Tertiary Care Centers , VaccinationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D and its active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D3), play a significant role in reproduction. AIM: To assess the effect of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level on oocyte quality and endometrial receptivity by studying oocyte donors and their recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study consisted of two groups: Group A (recipient group) and Group B (donor group). All the participants of Groups A1 and B1 as well as Groups A2 and B2 were subcategorized into vitamin D-deficient (<20 ng/mL) and vitamin D replete-insufficient (20 to ≥30 ng/mL), respectively. RESULTS: In the recipient group, out of the 192 participants, 123 were in A1 group, and 69 were in A2 group. In donor group, out of the 99 participants, 54 were in B1 group, and 45 in B2 group. In the recipient group, Group A2 had a higher clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and ongoing pregnancy rate, and a lower abortion rate as compared to that of A1, but these are statistically insignificant. The difference in endometrial thickness and number of embryos transferred between both groups was insignificant. In the donor group, the total number of days of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, the dose of gonadotropins, the number of oocytes retrieved, the percentage of mature oocytes, and the percentage of usable embryos were higher in Group B2 than those in Group B1, but these are statistically insignificant. The fertilization rate was statistically insignificant between Groups B1 and B2. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency leads to lower reproductive outcomes, though not statistically significant and, thereby, does not have a negative influence on in-vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Obesity, a known epidemic, is a leading cause of various reproductive disorders. Association of body mass index (BMI) with pregnancy outcomes, either ovarian or endometrial, is controversial and least elucidated. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the effect of BMI on in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcome in women using self-oocytes, embryos prepared from donor oocytes (DE), or vitrified/frozen embryos (VE) obtained from both the SE and DE groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 9-month retrospective study was conducted on women undergoing IVF/ICSI. The women were grouped according to the World Health Organization classification of BMI (<18.50, 18.50-24.99, 25.00-29.99, and ≥30.00 kg/m2). They were further subcategorized as SE, DE, and VE groups. Ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR) was recorded as primary, whereas pregnancy rate (PR), clinical PR (CPR), implantation rate (IR), and clinical abortion rate (CAR) were secondary endpoints. Age, number of mature eggs, usable embryos, and embryos transferred were also measured. The data were statistically analyzed using chi-square and analysis of variance. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: OPR was statistically insignificant across all the groups. Secondary outcomes were statistically insignificant in all the groups except in VE, where IR (P = 0.008) and CAR (P = 0.0002) were statically significant. Other parameters were statistically insignificant among all the groups. However, in the SE and VE groups, the mean age was statistically significant (SE, P = 0.0001; VE, P = 0.0191). CONCLUSION: This study showed marginal/no effect of BMI on oocyte quality/endometrial receptivity and, subsequently, on the pregnancy outcome. However, well-designed, larger prospective studies are needed to clarify the role of BMI in pregnancy outcome in women undergoing IVF/ICSI.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Several global studies have assessed maternal and perinatal outcomes and complications with the type of embryo transfer (ET) following in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). The present study assessed the incidence of maternal and perinatal outcomes and complications following IVF/ICSI associated with the type of embryo transferred. METHODOLOGY: A total of 2112 ETs were performed in 2092 female patients aged 21-50 years between January 1 and December 31, 2014 (Group A: Fresh ET using self-oocytes: 691; Group B: Fresh ET using donor oocytes: 810; and Group C: Thaw ET using vitrified-warmed embryos: 611). RESULTS: Incidence of clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, multiple pregnancy rate, live birth rate, and maternal complications was: Group A: 40.8%, 15.9%, 2.8%, 27.3%, 31.9%, and 17.7%; Group B: 50.2%, 21.8%, 1.6%, 32.5%, 36.9%, and 23.7%; and Group C: 42.9%, 25.2%, 1.1%, 31.3%, 29.6%, and 17.8%, respectively. Incidence of prematurity (<36 weeks of pregnancy), lower birth weight (<2500 g), perinatal mortality, and congenital abnormalities was as follows: Group A (29.52%, 36.2%, 5.22%, and 1.39%), Group B (42.58%, 46.2%, 4.6%, and 1.32%), and Group C (35.74%, 32.4%, 7.85%, and 0.94%), respectively. CONCLUSION: The higher incidence of the pregnancy outcomes in oocyte donation (OD) cycles can mainly be attributed to the younger age of oocyte donors. The higher incidence of complications in OD cycles could be due to advanced maternal age, different placentation, and immune tolerance.