ABSTRACT
Diseases of the upper and lower airways are commonly described as global airway disease, which shares basic inflammatory mechanisms, and airway comobidity is frequently found. The prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is 5-12%, characterised as CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Inflammation in CRSwNP is often type 2, whereas CRSsNP often involves non-type 2. New monoclonal antibodies towards type-2 inflammation have been launched internationally to treat refractory severe CRSwNP, with effect on polyps, congestions and smell, as well as quality of life. This review gives a summary of the current treatment modalities.
Subject(s)
Nasal Polyps , Rhinitis , Sinusitis , Chronic Disease , Humans , Nasal Polyps/complications , Nasal Polyps/diagnosis , Nasal Polyps/therapy , Quality of Life , Rhinitis/complications , Rhinitis/diagnosis , Rhinitis/therapy , Sinusitis/complications , Sinusitis/diagnosis , Sinusitis/therapyABSTRACT
Pott's puffy tumour is a well known but rare complication of frontal sinusitis or trauma. It was first described by Sir Percivall Pott in 1768. Pott's puffy tumour is characterized by subperio-steal abscess associated with osteomyelitis. This report presents a 43-year-old patient with schizophrenia who developed Pott's puffy tumour due to lack of sufficient treatment of sinusitis. Furthermore, the literature on the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, microbiology, treatment, and complications of Pott's puffy tumour is reviewed.
Subject(s)
Frontal Sinusitis/complications , Pott Puffy Tumor/etiology , Adult , Frontal Sinusitis/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Pott Puffy Tumor/diagnostic imaging , Pott Puffy Tumor/pathology , Pott Puffy Tumor/surgery , Schizophrenia/complications , Streptococcal Infections/complications , Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy , Streptococcus intermedius/isolation & purification , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
A laryngocele is a rare benign dilatation of the anterior part of Ventriculus Laryngis. The symptoms are either hoarseness, a tumor on the neck or a combination. In the literature a link between laryngocele and carcinoma of the larynx is well described. For this reason a careful clinical examination together with MRI or CT scans is of outmost importance. None of the patients described had larynx cancer. Of the two patients described, one underwent surgery, the other was treated conservatively due to general health.
Subject(s)
Dilatation, Pathologic/diagnosis , Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Larynx/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Dilatation, Pathologic/surgery , Dilatation, Pathologic/therapy , Female , Humans , Laryngeal Diseases/surgery , Laryngeal Diseases/therapy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle AgedABSTRACT
AIM: To determine the density of goblet cells in the mucosa at the medial site of the uncinate process in the nasal cavity where the air current is high and compare with the goblet cell density on the protected lateral site of the uncinate process, thus establishing the function of the uncinate process in protecting the integrity of epithelium, in the meatus medius, from the distress caused by continuous airflow. Determining this function could have clinical implications, as patients routinely undergo removal of the uncinate process during endoscopic sinus surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material comprised pieces of mucosa of 11 uncinate processes from the nasal cavity of 11 autopsies. The material was stained with PAS-Alcian blue after which the goblet cells were counted using a whole-mount method. Counting was done by only 1 of the authors and was not blinded. RESULTS: The density of goblet cells was significantly higher on the lateral site than on the medial site of the uncinate process. Furthermore, goblet cell density was found to be higher on the superior part of the uncinate process, than on the inferior part. CONCLUSION: The results seem to indicate that air current has consequential impact on the normal differentiation patterns of the epithelium in the nose. The significantly higher goblet cell density on the unexposed lateral site of the uncinate process suggests that at this site the sinus outlets are protected from air current trauma.
