ABSTRACT
The early diagnostics of the malignant tumours of the larynx provides a basis for the timely beginning of their conservative treatment and endolaryngeal surgical interventions. However, neither the conservative treatment nor endolaryngeal surgery ensures the sufficiently efficient treatment when the tumour spreads over the anterior commissure, subglottic space, and/or laryngeal ventricles. The open surgical resection of the larynx is indicated for the management of the patients presenting with this condition. Our experience is based on the performance of vertical resection of the larynx in 98 patients including the fronto-lateral and extended fronto-lateral interventions in 63 and 35 of them, respectively. The formation of the malignant tumour is known to result in the alteration of the acoustic characteristics of the patient's voice as compared to the initially normal ones in the preceding period. Specifically, the mean values of the fundamental tone frequency increases, the intensity of the sound signal decreases, and the amplitudes of the fundamental tone harmonics tend to be reduced. At the same time, both the dispersion and the variability of the acoustic characteristics being studied undergo an enhancement in comparison with the normal values. Open resection of the larynx with its simultaneous endoscopic correction made it possible to restore the respiratory and vocal functions in 90.8% and 92.1% of the treated patients respectively.
Subject(s)
Laryngeal Neoplasms , Larynx , Endoscopy , Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Larynx/pathology , Reference ValuesABSTRACT
The organ salving treatment of laryngeal neoplasms including their surgical resection at one of the stages was given to 25 patients. They were further followed up for the assessment of vocal function. Analysis of speech was performed by a group of 5 auditors. They counted how many times each patient heard a consonant as a sonant and vice versa. Based on the analysis of mistakes, the patients were divided into the following three groups: group 1 (many mistakes), group 2 (moderate number of mistakes), an group 3 (practically no mistakes). The most common mistake was devocalization of voiced sounds. Postoperative analysis of speech quality characteristics revealed their dependence on the extent of surgical intervention, the presence of tracheostoma, the type of plastic correction, and the dose of radiation therapy. It was shown that extensive and combined frontal-lateral resection leads to voice impairment. Tracheostoma also have negative effect on speech discrimination.
Subject(s)
Laryngectomy , Speech/physiology , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Voice Quality/physiology , Voice Training , Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/rehabilitation , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Postoperative Period , Treatment Outcome , Voice Disorders/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The article presents the results of conservative surgery in 102 patients with laryngeal cancer T2 and T3. Frontolateral laryngeal resections in different variants (endoprosthesis, extended, an inferior variant) were conducted in 85 (83.3%) patients, horizontal laryngeal resection - in 17 (16.7%) patients (a combined variant -in 2 of them). The treatment resulted in primary healing of a postoperative wound in 92 (90.2%) patients. Complications consisted in development of pharyngeal fistula, suppuration of the postoperative wound, first of all in combined and extended resections, after a total dose of radiotherapy. Minor operations on the larynx enabled decannulation of 98 (96.1%) patients. Four (3.9%) patients continue to carry cannula because of marked scarry alterations.
Subject(s)
Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Salvage Therapy/methods , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Neoplasm InvasivenessABSTRACT
Room-temperature tunable cw laser oscillation of Cr3+ ions in forsterite crystals (Mg2SiO4) codoped with chromium and lithium has been demonstrated, for the first time to the authors' knowledge, in pumping a crystal with a Ti:sapphire laser into the first excited level of Cr3+ ions (4A2-4T2 transition). The laser is smoothly tunable in the region of 1095-1170 nm. A slope efficiency as great as 4.4% has been achieved.
Subject(s)
Esophagus/surgery , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Laryngectomy , Larynx, Artificial , Speech, Esophageal , Trachea/surgery , Anastomosis, Surgical , Female , Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/rehabilitation , Male , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Care , Speech Acoustics , Speech Production MeasurementABSTRACT
Analyzing the control quality in autonomic contour of articulation control system an account is made for the nonlinearities of the type of the zone ofunsensitivity, limitation and logarithmic response of the receptor. Regions of stablity and autooscillation frequency are determined. The role of recontrolling value is stated as a criterion of the control quality. It is suggested that the mechanisms of some stammering forms are concerned with the initiation of autooscillations in the articulation control system.
