Analysis of Eating Habits and Body Composition of Young Adult Poles.

BACKGROUND: Obesity and overweight affect a large proportion of the world's population. Increasingly, this problem can be observed among young adults. The aim of the study was to identify the motivations and barriers to healthy eating habits among young Poles, the relationship between physical activity and healthy eating and the impact of healthy eating on the body composition of the young. METHODS: The method used in the research was a diagnostic survey using direct personal interviews. The research was conducted in the years 2016-2019 on a group of 399 young Poles aged 18-26. Their body composition was analyzed by determining resistance and reactance using the biological impedance method, with a TANITA SC-330ST Body Composition Analyzer. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The main reasons for healthy eating among young Poles are the intent to follow a doctor's recommendations, to lose weight and to live a healthy lifestyle and to follow a trend. On the other hand, the largest barriers to proper nutrition are: lack of time to prepare healthy meals and of financial resources, inability to prepare meals and limited knowledge of the principles of healthy eating. The eating behavior varied significantly in relation to the physical activity of the respondents. Active people's eating habits were the best, and those of sedentary people the worst. Healthy eaters also had normal body composition indicators (adipose tissue level, BMI, body type). Young adults should be educated on the principles of healthy eating and have access to healthy food in canteens and vending machines, both at work and at university.

Optimization and Evaluation of the In Vitro Permeation Parameters of Topical Products with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs through Strat-M® Membrane.

Pharmaceutical products containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most prescribed topical formulations used for analgesic and antirheumatic properties. These drugs must overcome the skin barrier to cause a therapeutic effect. Human skin has been widely used as a model to study in vitro drug diffusion and permeation, however, it suffers from many limitations. Therefore, to perform in vitro permeation test (IVPT), we used a Strat-M® membrane with diffusion characteristics well-correlated to human skin. This study's objective was to optimize the IVPT conditions using Plackett-Burman experimental design for bio-predictive evaluation of the in vitro permeation rates of five non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac, etofenamate, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen) across Strat-M® membrane from commercial topical formulations. The Plackett-Burman factorial design was used to screen the effect of seven factors in eight runs with one additional center point. This tool allowed us to set the sensitive and discriminative IVPT final conditions that can appropriately characterize the NSAIDs formulations. The permeation rate of etofenamate (ETF) across the Strat-M® membrane was 1.7-14.8 times faster than other NSAIDs from selected semisolids but 1.6 times slower than the ETF spray formulation.

[Therapeutic relationship in community psychiatry in the patient and therapist's perspective]. / Relacja terapeutyczna w psychiatrii srodowiskowej z perspektywy pacjenta i terapeuty.

AIM: Relationship between therapist and his patient remain the principle in psychiatric health care, being related to the treatment course and results. Sustaining a good therapeutic relationship is a key element in community team work, it promotes the creation and maintaining of the therapeutic bond, trust, good contact with patients, which allows outpatient treatment. Authors explore how the therapeutic relationship is estimated by the patients diagnosed with psychosis and their therapists. METHOD: STAR questionnaire was used to measure the therapeutic relationship in patient's and therapist's perspective. RESULTS: Those patients who has children or other experience of a close relationship estimate higher their relationship with therapist. There is an influence of patient's gender, independence and psychiatric symptoms on the therapeutic relationship from the therapist's perspective. Therapist's positive collaboration effects symptoms improvement in patients diagnosed with psychosis. CONCLUSIONS: The therapists have to be aware of the other than therapeutic factors which influence the relationship with the patient. There is a need of further studies on therapeutic relationship because the study point out that a positive relationship reduce the psychotic symptoms. It is particularly important to distinguish factors favouring therapeutic relationship maintenance as well as those causing negative effect on therapeutic relationship.