ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recently, a novel mutation in exon 24 of DNAJC13 gene (p.Asn855Ser, rs387907571) has been reported to cause autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD) in a multi-incident Mennonite family. METHODS: In the present study the mutation containing exon of the DNAJC13 gene has been sequenced in a Caucasian series consisting of 1938 patients with clinical PD and 838 with pathologically diagnosed Lewy body disease (LBD). RESULTS: Our sequence analysis did not identify any coding variants in exon 24 of DNAJC13. Two previously described variants in intron 23 (rs200204728 and rs2369796) were observed. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the region surrounding the DNAJC13 p.Asn855Ser substitution is highly conserved and mutations in this exon are not a common cause of PD or LBD among Caucasian populations.
Subject(s)
Lewy Body Disease/genetics , Molecular Chaperones/genetics , Parkinson Disease/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Europe , Exons , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , MutationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low density lipoprotein receptor related proteins (LRPs) 1 and 6 have been implicated in cerebral ischaemia. In addition, genetic variation in LRP1 and LRP6 has been linked with various factors that are related to risk of ischaemic stroke. The aim of this study was to examine the association of LRP1 and LRP6 gene variants with risk of ischaemic stroke as part of the Ischemic Stroke Genetics Study (ISGS). METHODS: A Caucasian series (434 stroke patients, 319 controls) and an African American series (161 stroke patients, 116 controls) were included. Fourteen LRP6 variants and three LRP1 variants were genotyped and assessed for association with ischaemic stroke. RESULTS: In the Caucasian series, significant associations with ischaemic stroke were observed for LRP6 rs2075241 [odds ratio (OR) 0.42, P = 0.023], rs2302685 (OR 0.44, P = 0.049), rs7975614 (OR 0.07, P = 0.017), rs10492120 (OR 0.62, P = 0.036) and rs10743980 (OR 0.66, P = 0.037). Risk of ischaemic stroke was significantly lower for carriers of any of these five protective LRP6 variants (24.0% of subjects) compared to non-carriers (OR 0.57, P = 0.003). The protective association for LRP6 rs2075241 was observed at a similar magnitude across ischaemic stroke subtypes, whilst the effects of rs23022685, rs10492120 and rs10743980 were most apparent for cardioembolic and large vessel stroke. In the African American series, LRP1 rs11172113 was associated with an increased risk of stroke (OR 1.89, P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The results of our preliminary study provide evidence that LRP6 and LRP1 variants may be associated with risk of ischaemic stroke. Validation in larger studies is warranted.
Subject(s)
Black or African American/genetics , Brain Ischemia/genetics , Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1/genetics , Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6/genetics , Stroke/genetics , White People/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Ischaemic stroke shares common traditional risk factors with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI). This study evaluated whether genetic risk factors for CAD and MI also affect susceptibility to ischaemic stroke in Caucasians and African Americans. METHODS: Included in the study were a Caucasian series (713 ischaemic stroke patients, 708 controls) and a small African American series (166 ischaemic stroke patients, 117 controls). Twenty single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously shown to be associated with CAD or MI were genotyped and assessed for association with ischaemic stroke and ischaemic stroke subtypes using odds ratios (ORs) from multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: In Caucasians, four SNPs on chromosome 9p21 were significantly associated with risk of cardioembolic stroke, the strongest of which was rs1333040 (OR 1.55, P = 0.0007); similar but weaker trends were observed for small vessel stroke, with no associations observed regarding large vessel stroke. Chromosome 9p21 SNPs were also associated with risk of ischaemic stroke in African Americans (rs1333040, OR 0.65, P = 0.023; rs1333042, OR 0.55, P = 0.070; rs2383207, OR 0.55, P = 0.070). The PSMA6 SNP rs1048990 on chromosome 14q13 was associated with overall ischaemic stroke in both Caucasians (OR 0.80, P = 0.036) and African Americans (OR 0.31, P = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence that chromosome 9p21 variants are associated with cardioembolic ischaemic stroke in Caucasians and with overall ischaemic stroke in African Americans. The PSMA6 variant rs1048990 also appears to affect susceptibility to ischaemic stroke in both populations. These findings require validation, particularly the preliminary findings regarding African Americans given the small size of that series.
Subject(s)
Brain Ischemia/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Myocardial Infarction/genetics , Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/genetics , Stroke/genetics , Adult , Black or African American/genetics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brain Ischemia/complications , Female , Genotype , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Stroke/complications , White People/geneticsSubject(s)
Essential Tremor/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Haplotypes/genetics , Multiple System Atrophy/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , tau Proteins/genetics , Chi-Square Distribution , DNA Mutational Analysis , Essential Tremor/etiology , Gene Frequency , Humans , Multiple System Atrophy/etiology , Odds Ratio , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Whilst an association between the tau gene (MAPT)-containing H1 haplotype and supranuclear gaze palsy (PSP) has long been recognized, the effect of H1 on risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) has remained more contentious. METHODS: Herein, we examined the association of H1 and PD in three Caucasian PD patient-control series from Ireland, Norway, and the US (combined: n = 2619), by genotyping two H1/H2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MAPT (rs1052553) and in the Saitohin gene (rs62063857) and one H1-specific SNP (rs242557). RESULTS: We identified a significant association between H1/H2 and risk of PD (rs1052553 OR: 1.43, CI: 1.23-1.64; rs62063857 OR: 1.45, CI: 1.27-1.67), but no effect of the H1-specific SNP rs242557 (OR: 0.92, CI: 0.82-1.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that the H1 haplotype is a significant risk factor for PD. However, one H1-specific SNP (rs242557) previously implicated in PSP did not alter the risk of PD, indicating that distinct H1 sub-haplotypes probably drive the associations with PD and PSP.
Subject(s)
Parkinson Disease/genetics , tau Proteins/genetics , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Female , Genetic Association Studies , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Haplotypes , Humans , Ireland , Male , Norway , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Risk Factors , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive/genetics , United States , White People/geneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Calcium levels have been proposed to play an important role in the selective vulnerability of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, an association was reported between the calcium buffer, calbindin (rs1805874) and risk of PD in a Japanese patient-control series. METHODS: We genotyped rs1805874 in four independent Caucasian patient-control series (1543 PD patients, 1771 controls). RESULTS: There was no evidence of an association between rs1805874 and disease risk in individual populations or in the combined series (odds ratio: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.82-1.31, P = 0.74). DISCUSSION: Our study shows there is no association between rs1805874 and risk for PD in four Caucasian populations. This suggests the effect of calbindin on PD risk displays population specificity.
Subject(s)
Parkinson Disease/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , S100 Calcium Binding Protein G/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Calbindin 1 , Calbindins , Case-Control Studies , Female , Gene Frequency , Genetic Association Studies , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Ireland , Male , Middle Aged , Norway , Poland , Risk Factors , Sequence Analysis, DNA , United States , White People/geneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Recently, mutations in DCTN1 were found to cause Perry syndrome, a parkinsonian disorder with TDP-43-positive pathology. Previously, mutations in DCTN1 were identified in a family with lower motor neuron disease, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and in a family with ALS/frontotemporal dementia (FTD), suggesting a central role for DCTN1 in neurodegeneration. METHODS: In this study we sequenced all DCTN1 exons and exon-intron boundaries in 286 samples diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), or ALS. RESULTS: This analysis revealed 36 novel variants (9 missense, 5 silent, and 22 noncoding). Segregation analysis in families and association studies in PD, FTLD, and ALS case-control series did not identify any variants segregating with disease or associated with increased disease risk. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that pathogenic mutations in DCTN1 are rare and do not play a common role in the development of Parkinson disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
