Ultrasonographic and radiographic diagnosis of ectopic ureter in a dog

Background: Ureteral ectopia (or ectopic ureter) is a congenital anomaly of the urinary system in which the ureter insertsanywhere other than the vesical trigone. This anatomical change may have unilateral or bilateral involvement. The mostevident clinical sign, occurring mostly in females, is urinary incontinence, however in some cases the condition may progressto nephritis and dilation of the renal pelvis. The diagnosis is established through imaging, and definitive treatment requiressurgical approach. The present study reports a case of ureteral ectopia in a dog which was diagnosed by ultrasound andcontrast radiography (excretory urography) and successfully treated by neoureterostomy.Case: A 10-month-old female American Pit Bull Terrier was attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), in Mossoró, RN. Her owner reported incontinence of dark, malodorous urine sincebirth as the chief complaint. After clinical examination, cystitis was suspected, and a complete blood count, urinalysis,and abdominal ultrasound was requested. The blood count and creatinine were within the reference values. The presenceof struvite crystals were found on urinalysis. Ultrasound examination revealed a tortuous, dilated right ureter from therenal pelvis to the urinary bladder; no uroliths were identified as a cause of potential obstruction, but the ipsilateral kidneyshowed increased cortical echogenicity, loss of corticomedullary definition, and moderate pelvic dilation. These findingssupported a presumptive diagnosis of ectopic ureter. For the purpose of confirming this suspicion, excretory urography wasperformed, revealing unilateral ureteral dilation and radiopaque contrast uptake following the path of the urethra. Once thediagnosis was confirmed, surgery was performed to correct the ureteral ectopia using the standard...(AU)

Ultrasonographic and radiographic diagnosis of ectopic ureter in a dog

Background: Ureteral ectopia (or ectopic ureter) is a congenital anomaly of the urinary system in which the ureter insertsanywhere other than the vesical trigone. This anatomical change may have unilateral or bilateral involvement. The mostevident clinical sign, occurring mostly in females, is urinary incontinence, however in some cases the condition may progressto nephritis and dilation of the renal pelvis. The diagnosis is established through imaging, and definitive treatment requiressurgical approach. The present study reports a case of ureteral ectopia in a dog which was diagnosed by ultrasound andcontrast radiography (excretory urography) and successfully treated by neoureterostomy.Case: A 10-month-old female American Pit Bull Terrier was attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), in Mossoró, RN. Her owner reported incontinence of dark, malodorous urine sincebirth as the chief complaint. After clinical examination, cystitis was suspected, and a complete blood count, urinalysis,and abdominal ultrasound was requested. The blood count and creatinine were within the reference values. The presenceof struvite crystals were found on urinalysis. Ultrasound examination revealed a tortuous, dilated right ureter from therenal pelvis to the urinary bladder; no uroliths were identified as a cause of potential obstruction, but the ipsilateral kidneyshowed increased cortical echogenicity, loss of corticomedullary definition, and moderate pelvic dilation. These findingssupported a presumptive diagnosis of ectopic ureter. For the purpose of confirming this suspicion, excretory urography wasperformed, revealing unilateral ureteral dilation and radiopaque contrast uptake following the path of the urethra. Once thediagnosis was confirmed, surgery was performed to correct the ureteral ectopia using the standard...

Obstrução gástrica parcial por caroço de cajarana (Spondias cytherea sonn) em filhote de cão - técnicas de imagem para diagnóstico / Partial gastric obstruction caused by cajarana (Spondias cytherea Sonn) in puppies - imaging techniques for diagnosis

Background: Ingestion of foreign bodies is one of the most common cases seen among puppies of dogs in the medical clinics of small animals which may be related to their curious behavior. The diagnosis is based on the patient’s history, clinical signs, and complementary diagnostic imaging tests. The present case report describes the use of complementary imaging tests, showing a partial gastric obstruction caused by cajarana (Spondias cytherea Sonn) in a puppy.Case: At the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, a 4-month-old male Yorkshire dog was treated. The guardian reported having witnessed the ingestion of a cajarana stone by the animal. During the physical examination, the animal was active, with good nutritional status, normocorated mucosae, and a moderate degree of dehydration, besides a slight pain on palpation in the epigastric region. Hematological examinations included blood counts, blood urea, creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase. A moderate degree of polycythemia was observed, which may be explained by the dehydration caused by the episodes of vomiting. The patient had frequent episodes of vomiting after the reported event and was then referred to the diagnostic imaging sector. During the sonographic examination, a concave echogenic interface associated with a posterior acoustic shadowing was observed in the region of the stomach. The animal was sent for simple radiographs and positive contrast based on barium sulfate due to the suspicion of the presence of a foreign body. On simple radiography, in the left laterolateral view, a little radiopaque structure of circular format with poor definition was observed in the pyloric region. After the simple radiography, approximately 10 mL of barium sulfate contrast was administered orally followed by a new left lateral radiographic imaging.[...]

Obstrução gástrica parcial por caroço de cajarana (Spondias cytherea sonn) em filhote de cão - técnicas de imagem para diagnóstico / Partial gastric obstruction caused by cajarana (Spondias cytherea Sonn) in puppies - imaging techniques for diagnosis

Background: Ingestion of foreign bodies is one of the most common cases seen among puppies of dogs in the medical clinics of small animals which may be related to their curious behavior. The diagnosis is based on the patients history, clinical signs, and complementary diagnostic imaging tests. The present case report describes the use of complementary imaging tests, showing a partial gastric obstruction caused by cajarana (Spondias cytherea Sonn) in a puppy.Case: At the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, a 4-month-old male Yorkshire dog was treated. The guardian reported having witnessed the ingestion of a cajarana stone by the animal. During the physical examination, the animal was active, with good nutritional status, normocorated mucosae, and a moderate degree of dehydration, besides a slight pain on palpation in the epigastric region. Hematological examinations included blood counts, blood urea, creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase. A moderate degree of polycythemia was observed, which may be explained by the dehydration caused by the episodes of vomiting. The patient had frequent episodes of vomiting after the reported event and was then referred to the diagnostic imaging sector. During the sonographic examination, a concave echogenic interface associated with a posterior acoustic shadowing was observed in the region of the stomach. The animal was sent for simple radiographs and positive contrast based on barium sulfate due to the suspicion of the presence of a foreign body. On simple radiography, in the left laterolateral view, a little radiopaque structure of circular format with poor definition was observed in the pyloric region. After the simple radiography, approximately 10 mL of barium sulfate contrast was administered orally followed by a new left lateral radiographic imaging.[...](AU)

Terapia tópica para controle da dermatite atópica canina relato de caso / Topical treatment to control canine atopic dermatitis case report

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a genetically predisposed inflammatory, chronic and pruritic skin disease, which has an incompletely understood pathogenesis in dogs. The pathogenic view of CAD involves theories about epidermal disfunction where a higher penetration of allergens and microbes overstimulates the local immunity. Clinical signs involve pruritus in different sites and secondary infections. Due to its complexity, therapeutic approaches aim to reduce antigenic exposure, prevent overstimulation of immune system, strengthen the epidermal barrier, control secondary infections, wash and moisten the skin, reduce inflammation and modify the immune response. In this review, it was reported the case of a dog, five years old, diagnosed with canine atopic dermatitis and treated with topical medication.(AU)

Terapia tópica para controle da dermatite atópica canina – relato de caso / Topical treatment to control canine atopic dermatitis – case report

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a genetically predisposed inflammatory, chronic and pruritic skin disease, which has an incompletely understood pathogenesis in dogs. The pathogenic view of CAD involves theories about epidermal disfunction where a higher penetration of allergens and microbes overstimulates the local immunity. Clinical signs involve pruritus in different sites and secondary infections. Due to its complexity, therapeutic approaches aim to reduce antigenic exposure, prevent overstimulation of immune system, strengthen the epidermal barrier, control secondary infections, wash and moisten the skin, reduce inflammation and modify the immune response. In this review, it was reported the case of a dog, five years old, diagnosed with canine atopic dermatitis and treated with topical medication.