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1.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 32: 32207, 2022.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391408

ABSTRACT

Doenças cardiovasculares constituem a principal causa de mortalidade no mundo, sendo que a parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) representa cerca de 320 mil mortes por ano no Brasil. Estima-se que metade das PCRs ocorram em ambiente extra-hospitalar, sendo 80% presenciados exclusivamente por pessoas leigas. Sabe-se que o tempo entre a PCR e o início da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP) é um fator crítico, visto que a cada minuto há uma redução em até 10% das chances de sobrevivência da vítima. A partir disso, constata-se que é de suma importância a capacitação de leigos para realizarem RCP, especialmente, a população jovem, que além de estar apta a realizar as manobras, representa uma importante fonte de disseminação de informação. Alguns países já adotam como obrigatório o treinamento de RCP no currículo escolar. No Brasil, contudo, ainda não existem aulas voltadas para o desenvolvimento das habilidades do suporte básico de vida (SBV). Diante disso, faz-se necessária a análise das intervenções realizadas em outros países para entender quais estratégias de ensino vêm sendo utilizadas. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica acerca das metodologias e resultados alcançados em processos de capacitação de alunos do ensino médio sobre SBV. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão narrativa, na base de dados PubMed, resultando ao total 10 artigos, de acordo com os critérios empregados. Tais estudos demonstram que o ensino da RCP para alunos do ensino médio parece apresentar boa resposta, especialmente quando as intervenções são de longo prazo e abordam mais de uma metodologia de ensino.


Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in the world, and cardiorespiratory arrest (CRP) represents about 320 thousand deaths per year in Brazil. It is estimated that half of the CRP occur outside the hospital, and among these cases, 80% are seen exclusively by laypeople. It is believed that the time between CRP and the onset of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the most critical factor, since every minute there is a reduction of up to 10% in the victim's chances of survival. From this, it appears that the training of laypeople to perform CPR is of utmost importance, especially the young population, who are able to perform the maneuvers and are a source of information dissemination. Some countries have already adopted the mandatory insertion of CPR training in the school curriculum. In Brazil, there are still no classes aimed at developing the skills of basic life support (BLS). In view of this, it is of utmost importance to analyze the interventions carried out in other countries to understand which teaching strategies are being used. Thus, the objective of the present study was to carry out a bibliographic review about the methodologies and results achieved in processes of training high school students on BLS. For this, a bibliographic review was carried out on the PubMed platform and 10 articles were included. Studies have shown that teaching CPR to high school students is effective, especially those who address more than one teaching methodology and make long-term interventions.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Health Education , Adolescent , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
2.
Telemed J E Health ; 26(3): 341-346, 2020 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30994411

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Early diagnosis and prompt therapy of diabetic retinopathy (DR) are essential to prevent visual loss, but access of the diabetic population to regular fundus examination by an ophthalmologist remains a challenge. Methods: This prospective comparative study, including two referral health centers in the state of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil, assesses applicability and economic viability of fundus photography-based teleophthalmology screening for DR. Results: A total of 2,662 eyes of 1,331 patients were examined at both health centers. Mean age was 57 years, with 836 (62.8%) females. Quality of fundus photographs was acceptable for 2,398 eyes (90.1%). The presence of DR was disclosed in 394 patients (29.6%), with 28 patients (2.1%) presenting evidence of advanced disease (severe nonproliferative or proliferative DR). Economic assessment revealed cost reduction of 28.76 US$ per patient, with a calculated break-even point of 112 exams/month or 1,344 exams/year. Conclusions: For the situation studied under the perspective of public health service, teleophthalmology was viable and cost effective when compared with ordinary ophthalmology examination. In addition, teleophthalmology allowed rapid resolution of repressed demand for fundus examination of diabetic patients locally at the two sites, with early DR diagnoses and referrals. Fundus photography-based teleophthalmology was a viable, effective, and significantly cheaper strategy for the screening of DR.


Subject(s)
Diabetic Retinopathy , Ophthalmology/methods , Telemedicine , Brazil , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis , Female , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Male , Mass Screening , Middle Aged , Photography , Prospective Studies
3.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-3246

ABSTRACT

Aferir a pressão arterial é um método simples e rápido, mas requer uma série de cuidados e atenção para que a avaliação seja confiável. Este infográfico tem como objetivo auxiliar na técnica correta da aferição da pressão arterial.


Subject(s)
Medical Subject Headings
4.
Diabetes Technol Ther ; 18(4): 258-63, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26840128

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Telehealth strategies have the potential to improve diabetes care, but there is a lack of evidence about the impact of these strategies in developing countries. Our objective was to analyze the feasibility, usability, and clinical impact of a decision support system (DSS) in Brazilian primary care diabetes patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a quasi-experimental study that included type 2 diabetes primary care patients >40 years of age. Patients were assessed before (during 6 months) and after the implementation of the DSS application (4 months). The DSS application, used by health professionals, included clinical evaluations and blood glucose measurements and generated specific recommendations based on the data entered. RESULTS: In total, 145 patients were included (mean age, 62.0 ± 9.9 years), 62.1% were female, and 70.0% had been diagnosed with diabetes more than 5 years ago. Overall, there was no decrease in median hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), from 7.7% (range, 6.5-9.8%) to 7.4% (range, 6.5-9.2%) (P for slope = 0.347). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with an HbA1c level of ≥9% at baseline had a significant reduction in median HbA1c level, from 10.5% (range, 9.9-11.3%) to 10.0% (range, 8.9-10.9%) (P for difference of slope between subgroups = 0.004). The reduction occurred in the first phase of the study, before the DSS use. Healthcare practitioners considered the DSS easy to use (99%) and believed that it provided useful information for patient care (100%). CONCLUSIONS: In this study the improvement of glycemic control before the application in more decompensated patients (HbA1c ≥9%) probably reflects the systematization of diabetes care. The DSS use did not improve the HbA1c level, possibly because of the short follow-up and/or infrequent use by the healthcare practitioners.


Subject(s)
Decision Support Systems, Clinical , Diabetes Complications/prevention & control , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Health Plan Implementation , Hyperglycemia/prevention & control , Primary Health Care/methods , Telemedicine , Aged , Brazil , Combined Modality Therapy , Developing Countries , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Feasibility Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
5.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 35(5-6): 345-52, 2014.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25211560

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the use, effectiveness, and resolubility of teleconsultation services provided to primary care units by the Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais, a public service providing teleconsultation and telediagnosis in cardiology to 821 health care sites. METHODS: This observational retrospective study included teleconsultations carried out between April 2007 and December 2012. Teleconsultations performed from January to May 2010 and January to March 2012 were analyzed regarding the type of query asked by professionals using the service. A survey was carried out to evaluate resolubility and level of satisfaction with teleconsultations. RESULTS: During the study period, 47 689 teleconsultations were carried out. They were most often requested by nurses (53.2%) and physicians (34.3%), and were answered mainly by the following professionals: family physicians (23.3%), dermatologists (19.8%), gynecologists (10,7%), internal medicine physicians (8.8%), pediatricians (6.6%), and nurses (12.2%). The median population in the municipalities that requested teleconsultations was 6 778 (interquartile range [IQR]: 4 425 - 10 805). The median human development index (HDI) was 0.645 (IQR: 0.577 - 0.690). The most frequent queries regarded pharmacological treatment, non-pharmacological treatment, and etiology. Teleconsultations prevented potential referrals in 80% of the cases, and 94% of the health providers reported satisfaction with the service. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais can help overcome physical barriers in the access to health care and that it may be an important and effective tool for continued health education.


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care/methods , Telemedicine , Brazil , Cities , Delivery of Health Care , Humans , Physicians , Remote Consultation , Retrospective Studies
6.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 35(5/6): 345-352, may.-jun. 2014. graf, mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-721516

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a utilização, efetividade e resolutividade das teleconsultorias realizadas pela Rede de Teleassistência de Minas Gerais (RTMG, um serviço público de telessaúde que presta serviços de teleconsultoria e telediagnóstico em cardiologia a 821 pontos de atenção à saúde) na atenção primária à saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional e retrospectivo, que incluiu as teleconsultorias realizadas de abril de 2007 a dezembro de 2012. Uma amostragem das teleconsultorias realizadas de janeiro a maio de 2010 e janeiro a março de 2012 foi analisada quanto ao tipo de dúvida dos profissionais que fizeram a consulta. A satisfação e a resolutividade do serviço de teleconsultoria foram verificadas por meio de pesquisa de satisfação. RESULTADOS: No período do estudo, 47 689 teleconsultorias foram realizadas. Enfermeiros (53,2%) e médicos (34,3%) foram os profissionais que solicitaram teleconsultorias com maior frequência. Os especialistas que mais frequentemente as responderam foram das seguintes áreas: medicina de família e comunidade (23,3%), dermatologia (19,8%), ginecologia (10,7%), clínica médica (8,8%), pediatria (6,6%) e enfermeiros (12,2%). A mediana de população dos municípios que enviaram teleconsultorias foi de 6 778 habitantes (intervalo interquartil [IQR] 4 425 a 10 805). A mediana de índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH) foi 0,645 (IQR 0,577 a 0,690). As dúvidas mais frequentes foram sobre tratamento farmacológico, tratamento não farmacológico e etiologia. As teleconsultorias evitaram potenciais encaminhamentos em 80% dos casos e 94% dos profissionais de saúde relataram estar satisfeitos com o serviço. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostram que a RTMG foi capaz de quebrar barreiras físicas no acesso à assistência e constitui-se como ferramenta importante e eficiente de educação permanente em serviço.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the use, effectiveness, and resolubility of teleconsultation services provided to primary care units by the Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais, a public service providing teleconsultation and telediagnosis in cardiology to 821 health care sites. METHODS: This observational retrospective study included teleconsultations carried out between April 2007 and December 2012. Teleconsultations performed from January to May 2010 and January to March 2012 were analyzed regarding the type of query asked by professionals using the service. A survey was carried out to evaluate resolubility and level of satisfaction with teleconsultations. RESULTS: During the study period, 47 689 teleconsultations were carried out. They were most often requested by nurses (53.2%) and physicians (34.3%), and were answered mainly by the following professionals: family physicians (23.3%), dermatologists (19.8%), gynecologists (10,7%), internal medicine physicians (8.8%), pediatricians (6.6%), and nurses (12.2%). The median population in the municipalities that requested teleconsultations was 6 778 (interquartile range [IQR]: 4 425 - 10 805). The median human development index (HDI) was 0.645 (IQR: 0.577 - 0.690). The most frequent queries regarded pharmacological treatment, non-pharmacological treatment, and etiology. Teleconsultations prevented potential referrals in 80% of the cases, and 94% of the health providers reported satisfaction with the service. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais can help overcome physical barriers in the access to health care and that it may be an important and effective tool for continued health education.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care/methods , Telemedicine , Brazil , Cities , Delivery of Health Care , Physicians , Remote Consultation , Retrospective Studies
8.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 23(2)abr.-jun. 2013.
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-702878

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o alcoolismo é definido como síndrome crônica e multifatorial. Comumente, associa-se à degeneração cerebelar e polineuropatia, principais responsáveis pelas alterações de coordenação e equilíbrio que representam as consequências mais incapacitantes associadas ao consumo de álcool. Objetivo: descrever o perfil dos alcoólicos em abstinência frequentadores de um centro de convivência e investigar a associação entre consumo de álcool e transtornos do equilíbrio e coordenação motora. Métodos: foram coletados os dados demográficos e, em seguida, avaliados o equilíbrio e a coordenação motora dos pacientes. Estatística descritiva foi utilizada para a apresentação das variáveis estudadas. A relação entre consumo de álcool e equilíbrio foi investigada por meio de regressão linear múltipla e a relação entre consumo de álcool e coordenação foi analisada por meio do teste Mann--Whitney e do teste T para amostras independentes. Resultados: os pacientes eram, principalmente, homens, usuários, inclusive, de outras drogas psicoativas. Não houve associação significativa entre consumo de álcool e equilíbrio ou entre consumo de álcool e coordenação motora (p>0,05). Apesar de não ter sido objetivo deste estudo, o modelo de regressão revelou associação significativa entre idade e equilíbrio. Conclusão: os achados mostram a predominância do uso crônico do álcool em homens e do uso concomitante de outras drogas psicoativas. A falta de associação entre consumo de álcool e déficits de equilíbrio ecoordenação motora pode ser devida à plasticidade cerebral subsequente à abstinência.


Introduction: Alcoholism is defined as a chronic, multifactorial syndrome. It is commonly associated with cerebellar degeneration and polyneuropathy, resulting in coordination and balance dysfunctions that represent the most disabling consequences associated with alcohol consumption. Objective: to describe the profile of abstinent alcoholics who participate in a center for living and to investigate the association between alcohol consumptionand disorders of balance and motor coordination. Methods: Demographic data were collected followed by assessment of patients' balance and motor coordination. Descriptive statistics was used to present the variables studied. The relationship between alcohol consumption and balance was investigated by means of multiple linear regression andthe relationship between alcohol consumption and coordination was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and independent sample T-test. Results: Patients were mostly men; some also used other psychoactive drugs. There was no significant association between alcohol consumption and balance or between alcohol consumption and motor coordination(p>0.05). Although it was not the objective of this study, the regression model revealed a significant association between age and balance. Conclusion: Findings show the prevalence of chronic alcohol use in men and the concomitant use of other psychoactive drugs. The lack of association between alcohol consumption and deficits in balance and motor coordination may be due to brain plasticity subsequent to abstinence.

9.
J Neurol Sci ; 324(1-2): 34-7, 2013 Jan 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23085004

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease (CD) is associated with stroke, which can result in significant long-term disability. Stroke has also been associated with depressive symptoms, which affect functional performance and quality of life (QOL). Few data are available on the effect of chagasic stroke on functional performance and QOL. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the correlation of stroke disability and depressive symptoms with functional performance and QOL in chagasic stroke patients. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, stroke sequelae were assessed using the Modified Rankin Stroke Scale (MRSS), depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), functional performance using the Barthel Index (BI), and QOL using the WHOQOL-BREF. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients with CD and a previous diagnosis of stroke were included. There was a correlation between the MRSS score and the BI score (r=-0.663, p=0.003), but not the scores of the WHOQOL-BREF subscales. The BDI score was correlated with the WHOQOL-BREF subscale scores (Physical: r=-0.733, p=0.001; Psychological: r=-0.581, p=0.012; Social: r=-0.713, p=0.001; Environmental: r=-0.659, p=0.003). However, the BDI score was not associated with the BI score (r=0.279, p=0.262). CONCLUSIONS: QOL in patients with CD appears to be influenced more by depressive symptoms than by the motor-associated consequences of stroke. Conversely, motor sequelae impair the functionality of the patient more than depressive symptoms.


Subject(s)
Chagas Disease/psychology , Depression/psychology , Stroke/psychology , Activities of Daily Living , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chagas Disease/complications , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disability Evaluation , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neuropsychological Tests , Pilot Projects , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Quality of Life , Sample Size , Stroke/etiology
10.
Fisioter. mov ; 19(4): 49-54, out.-dez. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-469101

ABSTRACT

Testes de caminhada são comumente utilizados na prática clínica,desde a década de 60. Inicialmente, o principal teste descrito foi o Teste de Caminhada de 12 minutos, realizado com o objetivo de predizer consumo máximo de oxigênio atingido durante avaliação de pessoas saudáveis. Na atualidade, o principal teste de caminhada utilizado na prática clínica é o de caminhada de seis minutos. Constitui instrumento seguro, válido, confiável e requer um mínimo de equipamento para sua realização, ou seja, é pouco oneroso e de fácil aplicação. Contudo, é necessário que seja realizado de forma padronizada, podendo dessa forma assegurar-se a fidedgnidade do processo. Existem, na literatura, trabalhos buscando uma padronização para a aplicação do instrumento. Até o momento, não foram encontrados trabalhos, propondo uma sistematização para aplicação do teste em língua portuguesa. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo é propor uma normatização (em nosso idioma) para aplicação do teste de caminhada de seis minutos.


Subject(s)
Brazil , Walking/standards , Exercise , Exercise Test/methods , Exercise Test/standards
11.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 87(2): 75-83, 2006 Aug.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16951823

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To translate, to make the cultural adaptation and to evaluate reproducibility and validity of the Portuguese version of the AQUAREL (Assessment of QUAlity of life and RELated events) questionnaire, which is a specific tool to assess quality of life in pacemaker patients. METHODS: We evaluated 202 pacemaker patients: 63 patients during the cross-cultural adaptation stage and 139 during the reproducibility and validity evaluation stages. The questionnaire translation was reviewed repeatedly until > or = 85% of patients correctly understood the questions. Reproducibility of the final version was tested in 69 patients in whom the interview was performed twice by the same researcher. Validity was checked by the correlation between scores obtained in AQUAREL domains and those obtained in SF36 domains, in the functional class and the distance walked in the six-minute test. RESULTS: The internal consistency of AQUAREL was adequate, with Cronbachs alpha coefficient varying between 0.59 and 0.85. Reproducibility was good, with high correlation coefficients (0.68-0.89) and random distribution of data in Bland and Altman plots, without systematic bias. A significant association was observed among AQUAREL domains and those obtained in SF36 domains and the functional class (p<0.01), although significant correlations with the distance walked in the six-minute test were not found. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version of the AQUAREL questionnaire is easy and rapid to apply, and could be used as a specific questionnaire to assess quality of life in pacemaker patients.


Subject(s)
Cross-Cultural Comparison , Pacemaker, Artificial/standards , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Cultural Characteristics , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reproducibility of Results , Socioeconomic Factors , Translating
12.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 87(2): 75-83, ago. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-433992

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e avaliar a reprodu¡tibilidade e a validade da versão em português do questionário AQUAREL (Assessment of QUAlity of life and RELetad events), específico para avaliação da qualidade de vida em portadores de marcapasso cardíaco. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 202 pacientes portadores de marcapasso, sendo 63 na etapa de adaptação cultural e 139 pacientes na avaliação da reprodutibilidade e da validade. A tradução do questionário foi revista até que todas as questões alcançassem entendimento correto por > 85 por cento dos pacientes. A reprodutibilidade da versão final foi testada pela aplicação do questionário em duas entrevistas em 69 pacientes, realizadas por um único entrevistador. A validade foi aferida pela correlação entre os escores obtidos nos domínios do AQUAREL e os domínios do questionário SF36, a classificação funcional e a distância caminhada no teste de seis minutos. RESULTADOS: A consistência interna do AQUAREL foi adequada, com índices Alfa de Cronbach variando de 0,59 a 0,85. A reprodutibilidade foi boa, com coeficientes de correlação elevados (0,68-0,89) e distribuição aleatória dos dados obtidos no gráfico de Bland and Altman, sem viés sistemático dos valores obtidos. Houve associação significativa (p < 0,01) entre os domínios do questionário AQUAREL e a classificação funcional e os domínios do questionário SF36, mas não com a distância caminhada ao teste de seis minutos. CONCLUSÃO: A versão em português do questionário AQUAREL, de fácil e rápida administração, pode ser usada como questionário específico para avaliação da qualidade de vida em portadores de marcapasso.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Pacemaker, Artificial/standards , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Brazil , Cultural Characteristics , Follow-Up Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Socioeconomic Factors , Translating
13.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-10561

ABSTRACT

Esta videoaula aborda o tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica com ênfase na promoção da redução do risco cardiovascular.


Subject(s)
Hypertension , Therapeutics
14.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-10564

ABSTRACT

Esta videoaula aborda o tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica a partir da utilização de medicamentos.


Subject(s)
Hypertension , Therapeutics
15.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-10562

ABSTRACT

Esta videoaula aborda o tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica resistente.


Subject(s)
Hypertension , Therapeutics
16.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-10563

ABSTRACT

Esta videoaula aborda o diagnóstico da insuficiência cardíaca e os principais conceitos dessa patologia.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure , Therapeutics
17.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-10569

ABSTRACT

Webaula contendo informações sobre clínica, diagnóstico e tratamento das meningites bacterianas.


Subject(s)
Meningitis , Therapeutics
18.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-10571

ABSTRACT

Webaula contendo informações sobre vacinas para meningite.


Subject(s)
Meningitis , Vaccination
19.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-10570

ABSTRACT

Webaula contendo informações sobre a rede laboratorial de vigilância das meningites bacterianas.


Subject(s)
Meningitis , Surveillance in Disasters
20.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-10572

ABSTRACT

Esta webaula aborda os conceitos, diagnóstico, tratamento, classificação e controle da asma na infância.


Subject(s)
Asthma , Pediatrics
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